List of cities with defensive walls
The following cities have, or historically had, defensive walls.
Africa
Algeria
See List of Egypt castles, forts, fortifications and city walls.Ethiopia
- Harar
Libya
- Apollonia
- Benghazi
- Cyrene
- Derna
- Germa
- Ghadames
- Ghat
- Jaghbub
- Kabaw
- Murzuq
- Nalut
- Sokna
- Tolmeita
- Tripoli
- Waddan
Mali
- Djenné
- Gao
- Timbuktu
, Morocco
Morocco
- Agadir
- Aït Benhaddou
- Asilah
- Azemmour
- Casablanca
- Chefchaouen
- Eljadida
- Essaouira
- Fes
- Ksar el-Kebir
- Ksar es-Seghir
- Larache
- Marrakech
- Meknes
- Moulay Abdallah
- Moulay Idriss
- Ouarzazate
- Oujda
- Rabat
- Safi
- Salé
- Sefrou
- Tangier
- Taroudannt – best preserved in Morocco
- Taza
- Tétouan
- Tiznit
Niger
- Zinder, Niger was well known for its city wall, the remains of which can still be seen
Nigeria
- Benin City
- Kano
- Keffi
Tunisia
- Bizerte
- Hammamet
- Kairouan
- Monastir
- Sfax
- Sousse
- Tozeur
- Tunis
Zimbabwe
- Great Zimbabwe
Americas
Canada
Chile
- Valdivia
Colombia
- Cartagena
Cuba
- La Habana
Dominican Republic
- Santo Domingo was a fortified city from the 16th to the early 20th centuries. Parts of the wall are still visible in the Colonial Zone. One of the main gates is very well preserved and centuries ago was named "The Gate of the Count" after the Count of Peñalba, who stopped the invasion of William Penn and Robert Venables during the Siege of Santo Domingo.
Mexico
- Campeche
- Mexico City
- Tulum
- Veracruz
Panama
Peru
- Lima
- Trujillo
Puerto Rico
- San Juan
United States
- Boston, Massachusetts, maintained a defensive city wall and gate across Boston Neck, the sole point where the city was connected with the mainland, from 1631 until the end of the 18th century.
- Charleston, South Carolina was a walled city from the 1690s until the 1720s. A portion of the wall, called Half Moon Battery, is still visible in the Provost Dungeon of the Old Exchange Building.
- St. Augustine, Florida, starting in 1704, the Spanish constructed the Cubo Line - attached to the Castillo de San Marcos and enclosing the city. 18th century maps detail the walls enclosing all of St. Augustine
- New Orleans, Louisiana, planned in 1718 as a walled city. The wall was present during the Battle of New Orleans, but was found to be in such a state of disarray that it could not be used.
Asia
Afghanistan
- Balkh, the ancient city
China
- Beijing, see City Wall of Beijing. Many parts of the walls of Beijing were demolished during the 1960s to open large streets around the city. A metro line also follows the location of the former city walls.
- Xiangyang
- Dali
- Shangqiu
- Jianshui
- Zhangjiakou, see Wanquan District
- Zhaoqing
- Guangfu Ancient City
- Xingcheng
- Liaocheng
- Kaifeng
- Qiansuo in Huludao
- Datong
- Daming County
- Yongtai Fortress
- Jingzhou
- Kowloon Walled City, a former enclave of Hong Kong
- Nanjing, see City Wall of Nanjing
- Linhai
- Qufu
- Taiyuan, see Jinyuan District
- Pingyao
- Shanghai - largely destroyed in 1912, only fragments survive
- Songpan
- Walled villages can still be found in Mainland China and Hong Kong.
- Xi'an - The city of Xi'an has well-preserved walls with a water filled moat that is a tourist attraction incorporating small parks surrounding a busy and modern area of the city.
- Zhengding
India
- Agra
- Ahmedabad
- Amravati
- Amritsar
- Datia
- Delhi
- Dholavira
- Hyderabad
- Jaipur
- Jaisalmer
- Jodhpur
- Lucknow
- Mumbai
- Raigad
- Udaipur
- Warangal
- Chennai
- Mhow
Indonesia
- Jogjakarta
- Surakarta
- Surosowan
- Trowulan
The wall was protecting the inner "Kraton" or royal palace and some important places. Today the wall can't be seen as the original appearance.
Iran
- Bam
- Isfahan
- Shiraz
- Tabriz
- Yazd
Iraq
- Babylon
- Baghdad
- Basra
- Arbil
Israel
- Acre – 18th-century modern Ottoman fortification able to withstand cannon attack. The wall has been restored and now includes a rampart for tourists.
- Jaffa
- Jerusalem
- Safed
- Tiberias
Lebanon
- Baalbek: sections of the Arab fortifications can still be seen around the Acropolis and the old town
- Batroun: the town is known for its 225 m long Phoenician seawall. There was also a 9th-century BC citadel, parts of which are still visible
- Beirut: sections of the Phoenician and Roman fortifications and Ottoman citadel have been unearthed in the city's central district. The famous walls erected by Emir Fakhruddin II have yet to be recovered.
- Byblos: the old town is surrounded by medieval walls, with a castle standing at their Southern edge
- Sidon: little remains today of the city's medieval fortifications, except the Castle of St. Louis.
Malaysia
- Malacca - Built by the Portuguese after the city's occupation in 1511, it was torn down by the British in 1806. Known locally as the A Famosa.
Pakistan
- Hyderabad
- Lahore
- Multan
- Peshawar
- Shikarpur
Philippines
- Cebu
- Manila – partially preserved, partially restored after World War II. Original walls are still well preserved.
- Olongapo
- Ozamiz
- Zamboanga
South Korea
- Dongnae
- Seoul
- Suwon
- Gwangju, Gyeonggi
- Goyang
Sri Lanka
- Galle
- Matara
Syria
- Aleppo
- Damascus
- Homs
Taiwan
- Changhua
- Chiayi
- Fengshan
- Hengchun
- Hsinchu
- Magong
- Puli
- Quemoy
- Tainan
- Taipei
- Zuoying
Thailand
- Ayutthaya
- Bangkok – See Fortifications of Bangkok
- Chiang Mai was surrounded by a moat and city walls when it was established by King Mangrai the Great in 1296. They were extensively rebuilt in the early 19th century. Large parts of the city walls and city gates of Chiang Mai survived till the present.
- Chiang Rai
- Chiang Saen
- Kamphaeng Phet
- Lampang
- Lamphun
- Lopburi
- Nakhon Ratchasima
- Nakhon Si Thammarat
- Nan, Thailand
- Phichai
- Phayao
- Phimai
- Phitsanulok
- Phrae
- Si Satchanalai
- Songkhla
- Sukhothai
- Suphanburi
- Thonburi
- Wiang Kum Kam
Uzbekistan
- Bukhara
- Khiva
- Samarkand
- Shahrisabz
Vietnam
- Cổ Loa
- Hà Nội
- Huế
- Bắc Ninh
- Vinh
- Mạc citadel
- Sơn Tây citadel
- BẮc Ninh citadel
Palestine
- Jericho
Yemen
- Sana'a
- Shibam
Europe
Albania
- Berat
- Butrint
- Durrës
- Elbasan - sizable remains of Roman walls
- Krujë
- Tepelenë
Austria
- Allentsteig
- Amstetten Not walled but ditched and banked with gate towers.
- Bleiburg
- Bludenz
- Braunau am Inn
- Bregenz
- Bruck an der Leitha – partially preserved
- Bruck an der Mur
- Donnerskirchen.
- Drosendorf
- Dürnstein
- Ebenfurth
- Eferding
- Eggenburg
- Eisenstadt
- Enns
- Fehring
- Feldkirch
- Friedberg
- Freistadt – almost completely preserved
- Friesach
- Frohnleiten
- Fürstenfeld
- Gmünd
- Gmuend-in-Kaernten
- Gmunden
- Graz
- Gross-Enzersdorf
- Güssing
- Hainburg an der Donau – almost completely preserved
- Hallein
- Hall in Tirol – partially preserved
- Hardegg
- Hartberg
- Haslach an der Muhl
- Heidenreichstein
- Herzogenburg
- Horn
- Judenburg
- Kitzbuhel
- Klagenfurt
- Klosterneuburg
- Knittelfeld
- Korneuburg
- Krems
- Kufstein
- Laa an der Thaya
- Leoben
- Leonfelden
- Leoben
- Lienz
- Linz
- Litschau
- Maissau
- Marchegg – some segments preserved
- Mautern - remains of the Roman fortress "Favianae" can be found at the western side of the old town.
- Melk
- Murau
- Mürzzuschlag
- Neumarkt am Wallersee
- Neumarkt
- Obdach
- Oberwölz
- Oggau am Neusiedler See
- Ottensheim
- Peuerbach
- Pöchlarn
- Purbach am Neusiedler See
- Raabs an der Thaya
- Radfeld
- Radkersburg
- Radstadt – almost completely preserved wall ; 3 round towers ; 1 gate
- Rattenberg
- Retz
- Ried im Innkreis
- Rottenmann
- Rust
- St Andrä
- Sankt Veit an der Glan
- St Pölten
- Salzburg
- Schärding
- Scheibbs
- Schladming
- Schrattenthal
- Schwanenstadt the settlement surrounded by a bank, surmounted by wooden palisade, with only a short length of wall adjacent to the ‘‘Stadtturm’’.
- Stadtschlaining
- Stainach
- Stein
- Straßburg
- Steyr
- Steyregg
- Traismauer
- Tulln an der Donau
- Vienna – destroyed and became the Ringstraße
- Villach
- Vils
- Vöcklabruck
- Völkermarkt
- Voitsberg
- Waidhofen an der Thaya
- Waidhofen an der Ybbs
- Weitra
- Wels
- Wiener Neustadt
- Wilhelmsburg
- Wolfsberg
- Ybbs an der Donau
- Zeiselmauer. The Roman auxiliary fort was re-fortified by the Babenbergs in the 10th century, but never granted a market or charter.
- Zistersdorf
- Zwettl
Azerbaijan
- Baku, retains most of the city walls that separate the historic Inner City from the newer parts of the city developed after the 19th century.
Belgium
Bulgaria
- Hisarya - the old Roman town is still surrounded by the ruins of its defensive walls.
- Nessebar – small fortified island city
- Sozopol
- Sofia - established as walled city Ulpia Serdica by Trajan
- Varna
- Veliko Turnovo – three fortified hills make one city
- Vidin
Croatia
- Buje
- Dubrovnik has well-preserved city fortifications including towers, gate, rampart walk and two citadels guarding the docks. Walls of Dubrovnik are among the finest and most complete in Europe.
- Hvar
- Korčula
- Krk city walls which obtained their current appearance between the 12th and the 15th centuries but the town itself was fortified since Roman period.
- Karlovac city walls, built in 1579 as a six-point star with bastions.
- Motovun
- Nin, Croatia
- Novigrad
- Grožnjan
- Omišalj
- Oprtalj
- Pag
- Poreč
- Roč
- Rovinj
- Senj
- Sibenik
- Split – several remains of the defensive walls of Diocletian's Palace still survive to this day, including 3 gates and long stretches of the fortified Roman walls. Most of the towers are now demolished, apart from 3 square towers, each of them located at a corner of the palace. North of the town centre are the remains of a bastion trace, which includes portions of the walls and a bastion located in a park.
- Ston: Walls of Ston were built in 14th and 15th centuries, at the isthmus of the Pelješac peninsula, to the north of Dubrovnik; 890 meters long town wall and 5 km Great Wall outside the town Ston.
- Trogir
- Zadar retains about half of its wall
Cyprus
Czech Republic
- Bechyně
- Bělá pod Bezdězem
- Benátky nad Jizerou
- Beroun
- Bochov
- Bor u Tachova
- Brno
- Broumov
- Bruntál
- Čáslav
- Česká Lípa
- České Budějovice
- Český Brod
- Český Dub
- Český Krumlov
- Cheb
- Chrudim
- Chyše
- Dačice
- Domažlice
- Dvůr Králové nad Labem
- Frýdlant
- Fulnek
- Havlíčkův Brod
- Hlučín
- Horažďovice
- Horšovský Týn
- Hostinné
- Hradec Králové
- Hranice
- Jablonné v Podještědí
- Jaroměř
- Jindrichuv Hradec
- Jevíčko
- Jičín
- Jihlava - Large parts of the town walls remain to the south, west and east side of the medieval town. Some fragments remain on the north side. The fortifications are also a good example of a Zwinger.
- Jindřichův Hradec
- Josefov- originally known as Ples
- Kadaň
- Klatovy
- Kolín
- Kostelec nad Labem
- Kouřim
- Krnov
- Kutná Hora
- Kromeriz
- Lanškroun
- Lipník nad Bečvou
- Litomyšl
- Litovel
- Loket
- Louny
- Mělník
- Mladá Boleslav
- Náchod
- Nové Město nad Metují
- Nový Bydžov
- Nový Jičín
- Nymburk
- Odry
- Olomouc
- Opočno
- Opava
- Osoblaha
- Ostrava
- Ostrov
- Pardubice
- Písek
- Planá u Mariánských Lázní
- Plzeň
- Plumlov
- Polička
- Prachatice
- Prague Hradčany
- Prague Malá Strana
- Prague Staré Město
- Prague Nové Město
- Prague Vyšehrad
- Přelouč
- Prostějov
- Přerov
- Rabštejn nad Střelou
- Rakovnik
- Rataje nad Sázavou
- Rokycany
- Rožmitál pod Třemšínem
- Slaný
- Soběslav
- Sobotka
- Stará Boleslav
- Šternberk
- Štramberk
- Strážnice
- Stříbro
- Svitavy
- Šumperk
- Sušice
- Tábor
- Tachov
- Teplá
- Tovačov
- Třeboň
- Trutnov
- Toužim
- Uničov
- Ústí nad Orlicí
- Velvary
- Vidnava
- Vraný
- Vysoké Mýto
- Zábřeh
- Zákupy
- Žatec
- Žlutice
- Znojmo
Denmark
- Fredericia, extensive renaissance ramparts to the north and west of the city and sea facing ramparts.
- Copenhagen, extensive renaissance ramparts to the south and east, trace remains to the north and west, nice fort at the harbor mouth, three small island fortlets outside the harbor entrance.
- Nyborg – the remains include three preserved bastions, a town gate and the old town is still mostly surrounded by a moat indicating the locations of the other bastions.
- Stege, One of the town gates, the Mølleporten, still remains. Most of the earthwork rampart and dry ditch surrounding the town center still remain.
Estonia
- Haapsalu
- Narva
- Paide
- Pärnu, a rampart with two bastions, a moat and a town gate remain to the west of the old town. It is now transformed into a park, the Valli Park.
- Tallinn, see Tallinn City Walls, most of the wall and towers remains
- Tartu, very few sections remained
- Viljandi
- Rakvere
Finland
- Hamina Surrounded by about 4–5 km long star-shaped walled fortification
- Lappeenranta The old center of the town is located inside a fortress
- Loviisa It was planned to build a full fortress around the town, but only two bastions were complete
- Suomenlinna An inhabited sea fortress off the coast of Helsinki
France
- Acquigny
- Agde
- Aigues-Mortes
- Ainay-le-Château
- Aire-sur-la-Lys
- Aix-en-Provence
- Alençon, Orne
- Amance, Haute-Saône
- Amboise, Indre-et-Loire
- Ammerschwihr
- Angers, Maine-et-Loire
- Angoulême
- Antibes
- Apt
- Ardres
- Arles
- Arras
- Aubigny-sur-Nère
- Auch
- Autun
- Auvet-et-la-Chapelotte
- Avallon
- Avesnes-sur-Helpe
- Avignon
- Avranches
- Ayherre
- Bâgé-le-Châtel
- Bargème
- Baux-de-Provence
- Bavay
- Bayonne
- Bazas
- Beaugency
- Beaune
- Beauvais
- Béguios
- Bellême
- Bergheim, Haut-Rhin
- Bergues
- Besançon
- Blois, Loir-et-Cher
- Bœrsch
- Boisseron
- Bonneval, Eure-et-Loir
- Bougue
- Bourbon-Lancy
- Bourges
- Bourg-le-Roi
- Briançon
- Brignon
- Briod
- Bruch, Lot-et-Garonne
- Cadillac, Gironde
- Caen
- Cahors
- Campel
- Capdenac
- Carcassonne
- Carignan, Ardennes
- Caudebec-en-Caux
- Cernay, Haut-Rhin
- Chalon-sur-Saône
- Champdieu
- Champigneulles
- Champlitte
- Charleville-Mézières
- Château-Thierry, Aisne
- Châtelais
- Châtillon-sur-Saône
- Chéraute
- Clermont-Ferrand
- Cluny
- Collonges-la-Rouge
- Colmar
- Colmars
- Compiègne
- Compreignac
- Concarneau
- Condé-sur-l'Escaut
- Corbigny
- Cordes-sur-Ciel
- Cormery
- Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
- Coucy-le-Château-Auffrique - Large parts of the walls remain, though partly in a ruinous state. Remains include several towers, stretches of curtain wall and three gates, the Porte de Laon, Porte de Soissons and the Porte de Chauny.
- Courthézon
- Crécy-la-Chapelle - fragmentary remains
- Créquy
- Cucuron
- Cuiseaux
- Cusset
- Dachstein, Bas-Rhin
- Dambach-la-Ville
- Dax, Landes
- Decize
- Die, Drôme
- Diemeringen
- Dieppe, Seine-Maritime
- Dinan
- Dole, Jura
- Domfront, Orne
- Domme, Dordogne
- Dun-sur-Auron
- Espalion
- Eu, Seine-Maritime
- Évreux
- Falaise, Calvados
- Faucogney-et-la-Mer
- Feurs
- Figeac
- Fos-sur-Mer
- Fougères
- Fréjus, Var
- Givet
- Granville, Manche
- Grenoble
- Guémar, Haut-Rhin
- Guérande
- Hennebont
- Herrlisheim-près-Colmar
- Hesdin
- Hiers-Brouage
- Honfleur
- Île-d'Aix
- Illfurth
- Issoudun, Indre
- Isturits
- Joigny
- La Cavalerie
- La Charité-sur-Loire
- La Chassagne
- La Couvertoirade
- La Groutte
- La Martyre
- La Roche-de-Glun
- La Rochelle
- La Roche-Posay
- La Sauvetat, Puy-de-Dôme
- La Turbie
- Langres
- Lanneray
- Lantabat
- Laon
- Larceveau-Arros-Cibits
- Larressingle
- Laval, Mayenne
- Le Castellet, Var
- Le Crozet
- Le Malzieu-Ville
- Le Mont-Saint-Michel
- Le Palais
- Le Poët-Laval
- Le Quesnoy
- Le Thor
- Les Andelys
- Les Cluses
- Levens
- Loches - large parts remain intact. The upper town and the Loches castle are built on a hill which offers a strategic position over the surrounding countryside and the Indre river. The walls of the upper town remain largely intact and include the ruins of the Porte de Saint-Ours, the well preserved Porte Royale, long stretches of curtain wall and several towers and bastions. The walls of the lower town are partly demolished, but 4 towers, a few smaller later-added turrets, a long section of curtain wall and the well preserved Porte des Cordeliers and Porte Picois still remain intact.
- Loudun, Vienne
- Lucéram
- Maisod
- Mans
- Marcolès
- Marsal, Moselle
- Marville, Meuse
- Maubeuge
- Mende, Lozère
- Mennetou-sur-Cher
- Metz
- Meursac
- Molsheim
- Monceaux-sur-Dordogne
- Mondoubleau
- Monpazier
- Montarcher
- Montbrison, Loire
- Mont-de-Marsan
- Monteux
- Montfort-sur-Meu
- Montivilliers
- Mont-Louis
- Montréal, Yonne
- Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais
- Montreuil-Bellay
- Montverdun
- Moret-sur-Loing
- Morlaix
- Mougins
- Mouzon, Ardennes
- Nabas, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
- Nages-et-Solorgues
- Nantes
- Narbonne
- Navarrenx
- Neubois
- Neuf-Brisach
- Nevers
- Nice, Alpes-Maritimes
- Nieul-sur-l'Autise
- Nîmes
- Notre-Dame-de-Gravenchon
- Oberhaslach
- Obernai
- Oradour-sur-Glane, Haute-Vienne
- Orange, Vaucluse
- Orgon
- Ostabat-Asme
- Paris
- Parthenay
- Pérouges
- Pertuis
- Pesmes
- Placey
- Ploërmel
- Poitiers, Vienne
- Poligny, Jura
- Pommiers, Loire
- Pont-de-l'Arche
- Pontgibaud
- Pont-l'Abbé-d'Arnoult
- Pontoise
- Pouilly-lès-Feurs
- Prades-le-Lez
- Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste
- Provins
- Puycelsi
- Quimper, Finistère
- Quintin
- Rânes
- Rauzan
- La Réole
- Revest-des-Brousses
- Ribeauvillé
- Richelieu, Indre-et-Loire
- Rions
- Riquewihr
- Rocamadour
- Rochefort, Charente-Maritime
- Rocroi
- Rodemack
- Romenay
- Rosheim
- Rouffach
- Roye, Somme
- Ruoms
- Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges
- Saint-Dyé-sur-Loire
- Sainte-Croix-sur-Buchy
- Saint-Émilion, Gironde
- Saintes, Charente-Maritime
- Sainte-Eulalie-de-Cernon
- Sainte-Suzanne-et-Chammes
- Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry
- Saint-Félix-Lauragais
- Saint-Gence
- Saint-Hippolyte, Haut-Rhin
- Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
- Saint-Junien - A tower and remains of the curtain wall remain behind houses at the junction of the Boulevard de la République and the Rue de Brèche.
- Saint-Laurent-des-Arbres
- Saint-Léger-Magnazeix
- Saint-Lô
- Saint-Macaire
- Saint-Marcouf, Manche
- Saint-Martin-d'Arrossa
- Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts
- Saint-Omer
- Saint-Pastour
- Saint-Paul-de-Vence
- Saint-Pompont
- Saint-Suliac
- Saint-Sulpice-de-Favières
- Saint-Trivier-sur-Moignans
- Saint-Valery-sur-Somme - Large parts remain, including the Porte de Nevers, the Porte Jeanne d'Arc, stretches of curtain wall and some towers. A hill named Cap Hornu arises above the town which is the most likely and possible location of the Roman Saxon Shore fort and harbour named Locus Quartensis sive Hornensis.
- Saint-Vérain
- Saissac
- Sarralbe
- Sarrebourg
- Saumur, Maine-et-Loire
- Sauvain
- Sélestat
- Semur-en-Auxois
- Senlis, Oise
- Sens, Yonne
- Septème
- Sisteron
- Soissons
- Sorel-Moussel
- Strasbourg
- Suèvres
- Thann, Haut-Rhin
- Thionville, Moselle
- Thouars
- Tillac
- Tincry
- Toul, Meurthe-et-Moselle
- Toulouse
- Tours, Indre-et-Loire
- Trôo
- Turckheim
- Uzès
- Vabre
- Vannes
- Vaucouleurs, Meuse
- Venasque
- Vence
- Verdun, Meuse
- Vervins
- Vézelay
- Vianne
- Vienne, Isère
- Viens, Vaucluse
- Vievy-le-Rayé
- Villefranche-de-Conflent
- Villeneuve-sur-Yonne
- Vitré, Ille-et-Vilaine
- Vouvant
- Wangen, Bas-Rhin
- Wattwiller
- Westhoffen
- Wissembourg
- Zellenberg
Georgia
- Mestia
- Omalo
- Gori
- Kaspi
- Akhaltsikhe
- Telavi
- Mtskheta
- Signagi
- Rustavi
- Surami
- Kutaisi
Germany
- Aachen, some parts of the inner walls still remain alongside Tempelgraben, and at the back of the houses alongside Seilgraben. Of the outer walls three towers, the Langer Turm, Pfaffenturm and the Marienturm, still stand today. The two remaining city gates, Ponttor and Marschiertor, are among the best preserved gates in Germany.
- Aach
- Abensberg
- Ahrweiler
- Aichach
- Altentreptow – the remains include some stretches of wall, a tower and two town gates, the Brandenburger Tor and the Demminer Tor.
- Annaberg-Buchholz
- Amberg
- Amöneburg
- Andernach
- Arberg - only one town gate remains.
- Arnstadt
- Aschaffenburg
- Aub – large sections of the walls remain, including some towers. One town gate remains, the Zentturm.
- Babenhausen
- Bad Colberg-Heldburg
- Bad Frankenhausen
- Bad Hersfeld
- Bad Langensalza – large parts of the walls still remain today, including 12 wall towers and one city gate, the Klagetor.
- Bad Münstereifel
- Bad Neustadt an der Saale
- Bad Orb
- Bad Rodach
- Bad Sooden-Allendorf
- Bad Waldsee
- Bad Wimpfen
- Bacharach
- Ballenstedt
- Barby
- Bautzen
- Beilngries
- Berching
- Berlin had a defensive wall around the city from about 1250 until the mid-17th century, and a Customs Wall from the mid-18th to the mid-19th centuries. The Berlin Wall that existed from 1961 to 1989 was claimed by the authorities of East Germany to be defensive, but in fact it was rather intended to prevent unauthorized emigration. Parts of Berlin's medieval wall still remain alongside the Littenstraße.
- Bernau bei Berlin
- Bernkastel - one town gate, the Graacher Tor, remains.
- Besigheim
- Blankenburg
- Bodenwerder
- Boizenburg
- Boppard
- Bönnigheim – some parts of the walls and a town gate remain.
- Brandenburg
- Buchen
- Burgau
- Burg bei Magdeburg
- Burghausen
- Butzbach
- Büdingen
- Calbe
- Chemnitz - only one tower remains, the Roter Turm.
- Coburg
- Cologne
- Crailsheim – some remains are located north of the Ringgasse, including a wall tower. Another tower remains alongside the Grabenstraße.
- Darmstadt
- Dausenau – the walls remain almost intact. One town gate still remains, the Torturm.
- Delitzsch
- Demmin large parts of the city walls still remain alongside Nordmauer, Bauhofstraße and Südmauer. One town gate still remains, the Luisentor.
- Dettelbach
- Dillenburg
- Dillingen
- Dilsberg
- Dinkelsbühl – the medieval town walls remain fully intact, including 4 gates and 19 towers.
- Dollnstein
- Dömitz
- Donauwörth
- Dresden - Dresden's Defensive walls were some of the first in Germany, inspired by the earlier Italian model. The walls surrounded both the ‘Old City’ south of the Elbe, and the ‘New City’ to the north. The walls, gates and moats were largely removed c.1815, following the Napoleonic Wars, being deemed outmoded for modern warfare. Some small sections have been rediscovered and established as the Museum Festung Dresden https://web.archive.org/web/20160509160153/http://www.festung-dresden.de/de/festung_dresden/museum/ below the more famous Brühl Terrace.
- Duderstadt
- Duisburg
- Ebern
- Eberbach
- Eibelstadt
- Eichstätt
- Einbeck
- Eisenheim
- Ellwangen
- Eltville am Rhein
- Emden
- Engen
- Erding
- Erlangen – some stretches of wall still remain alongside Nördliche Stadtmauerstraße, Wöhrstraße and Schulstraße.
- Feuchtwangen
- Fladungen
- Forchheim
- Freiberg
- Freyburg, Germany
- Freystadt
- Friedberg, Bavaria
- Freinsheim
- Frickenhausen am Main
- Fritzlar
- Gangelt
- Gardelegen – there are several remains of the old town wall, including the impressive Salzwedeler Tor, the remains of the Stendaler Tor, and some stretches of wall.
- Gartz - The remains of the walls around the medieval town include some sizable stretches of walls, towers and one town gate, the Stettiner Tor.
- Geisa
- Gelnhausen
- Germersheim
- Gerolzhofen
- Göllheim – two town gates are preserved, the Kerzenheimer Tor and the Dreisener Tor. One tower remains, the Ulrichsturm.
- Gräfenberg – the remains include three well-preserved town gates, the Egloffsteiner Tor, the Hiltpoltsteiner Tor and the Gesteiger Tor. Some parts of the walls still remain adjacent to the Gesteiger Tor and at the back of the houses alongside Am Gesteiger and Schulgasse.
- Grebenstein - most of the medieval walls are still surrounding the old town. One town gate remains, the Burgtor.
- Greding
- Grimma
- Grimmen one tower still remains, the Wasserturm. All three of the original town gates also remain, the Stralsunder Tor, Greifswalder Tor and the Mühlentor.
- Großostheim
- Gundelfingen an der Donau
- Gundelsheim
- Gunzenhausen
- Güstrow - remains of the walls remain south of the cathedral and alongside the Gelviner Mauer. The town
- Haldensleben
- Hannoversch Münden
- Hattingen
- Heidelsheim – one town gate and a wall tower still remain today.
- Heidingsfeld, today part of Würzburg
- Heilbad Heiligenstadt
- Herborn
- Herrieden
- Hildburghausen
- Hirschhorn
- Haldensleben
- Hammelburg
- Hardgesen
- Hollfeld – the remains include one town gate, the Obere Tor, and some parts of the walls to the south of the old town.
- Homberg, Efze
- Horn
- Höchstadt an der Aisch
- Höchstädt an der Donau
- Horb am Neckar – large sections of the walls still remain. One town gate, the Ihlinger Tor, still remains, and some towers still remain, most notably the Schurkenturm and the Schütteturm.
- Höxter
- Hünfeld
- Ingelheim am Rhein - sizable remains, including stretches of wall, the Malakoffturm, the Bismarckturm, Ohrenbrückertor, Uffhubtor and the ruined Heidesheimer Tor. The medieval town centre also houses the ruins of the Ingelheimer Kaiserpfalz.
- Ingolstadt
- Iphofen
- Jena
- Kallenhardt
- Karlstadt am Main
- Alt Kaster - The old medieval town of Kaster now forms part of Bedburg. The town walls remain largely intact, including 2 town gates and several towers.
- Kaub
- Kaufbeuren
- Kemnath - several sections and towers of the walls remain around the medieval town. The eastern town gate was later converted into a church tower.
- Kempen - some parts of the walls still remain. They include the Kuhtor, a well-preserved town gate, the Mühlenturm and the remains of another town gate, the Peterstor.
- Kindelbrück
- Kirchberg an der Jagst
- Kirchhain
- Kirchheim unter Teck
- Kitzingen
- Kroppenstedt
- Korbach
- Kranenburg
- Kronach
- Kulmbach
- Kuppenheim
- Kyritz
- Ladenburg
- Landsberg am Lech
- Landshut
- Langenzenn
- Laucha an der Unstrut
- Lauchheim
- Lauingen
- Lauf an der Pegnitz
- Laufen
- Lauffen am Neckar - the old town consists of three parts. While the town is divided by the river Neckar, the castle stands on a small island circled by the river. On the left bank there is a sizable stretch of wall is located next to the church. On the right bank, some towers, stretches of wall and the Neues Heilbronner Tor still remain.
- Leipheim
- Leipzig - remains include the Moritzbastei bastion.
- Leonberg
- Leutershausen
- Löbejün
- Lohr am Main
- Lübben
- Luckau
- Magdeburg
- Mainbernheim
- Maintal – large sections of the walls still remain, notably to the north of the medieval town.
- Mainz – the remains include the well-preserved square-shaped citadel, the medieval Alexanderturm, and the remains of a bastion alongside the Augustusstraße.
- Malchin two town gates still remain, the Kalensches Tor and the Steintor. Some parts of the walls to the south and east of the town still remain.
- Marbach am Neckar
- Markt Einersheim – two town gates still remain.
- Marktbreit
- Mayen
- Meisenheim
- Mellrichstadt
- Memmingen
- Meppen – the remains include a star shaped moat around the medieval town.
- Merkendorf
- Meyenburg
- Michelstadt
- Miltenberg
- Mindelheim
- Möckmühl
- Monheim – two town gates remain, the Oberes Tor and the Unteres Tor.
- Mühlhausen
- Müncheberg
- Munich has some of its former city gates still standing, and a section of its late 13th-century defensive wall.
- Münnerstadt
- Münzenberg – fragments of the walls remain, including two towers.
- Monheim – some stretches of wall still remain and both town gates, the Oberes Tor and the Unteres Tor, are preserved.
- Nabburg
- Naumburg
- Neckarsulm
- Neubrandenburg
- Neubrunn
- Neuburg an der Donau – some parts of the medieval walls still remain, including the Unteres Tor. The trace of the later bastion earthworks, the so-called Untere Schanze, Elias Holl Schanze and Oberer Schanze, is still recognizable in the fields and from the air.
- Neudenau
- Neuenstadt am Kocher
- Neuenstein
- Neuleiningen
- Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz
- Neunkirchen am Brand – three town gates still remain, the Forchheimer Tor, the Erleinhofer Tor and the Erlanger Tor.
- Neuss
- Neustadt
- Neustadt an der Aisch – substantial parts of the walls still remain, including some towers and a well-preserved town gate, te Nürnberger Tor.
- Neustadt in Holstein - one town gate remains, the Kremper Tor.
- Niedernberg - several stretches of the walls wall remain. One wall tower remains at the riverside end of the Turmgasse
- Niedernhall – most of the town walls remain intact.
- Nordhausen
- Nördlingen
- Nürnberg
- Obernburg am Main
- Oberwesel
- Ochsenfurt
- Oebisfelde
- Oettingen
- Öhringen
- Oldenburg
- Oppenheim – some stretches of the town walls remain near the ruins of Landskron castle. One town gate and two towers remain, the Gautor, the Ruprechtsturm and the Uhrturm.
- Ornbau
- Orsoy
- Ortenberg
- Oschatz
- Ostheim
- Paderborn
- Pappenheim
- Pasewalk
- Tribsees – two town gates remain, the Steintor and the Mühlentor
- Trier-Pfalzel
- Pfullendorf
- Pößneck
- Potsdam
- Prenzlau there are some good remains of the walls, especially North, East and South of the town. 4 gates still remain, the Steintor, Wasserpforte, Mitteltor and the Blindower Tor. The walls also include 25 towers.
- Prenzlin
- Prichsenstadt
- Querfurt
- Radolfzell am Bodensee
- Ratingen
- Ravensburg – three town gates still remain, the Frauentor, Obertor and the Untertor. Nine of the original ten wall towers still remain, most notably a tower named Mehlsack.
- Recklinghausen two defensive towers and some portions of wall still remain today, north west of the old city.
- Reichelsheim – three towers remain.
- Rodach
- Rees - large parts of the town walls still remain intact, mainly located at the riverside of the town and in the parks at the north-east and west side of the medieval town.
- Rheinbach
- Rheinberg
- Rhens – the town walls remain largely intact. Three town gates still remain, the Rheintor, the Josephstor and the ruins of the Viehtor.
- Rostock
- Röttingen
- Roth
- Rothenburg ob der Tauber
- Rottweil
- Rüthen
- Salzkotten
- Salzwedel
- Schleusingen
- Schlüsselfeld
- Schmalkalden
- Schongau, Bavaria
- Schrobenhausen
- Schwaigern
- Schwalmstadt – the remains of a town gate still survive, the medieval Lüdertor. The earthworks are mostly demolished, leaving a moat of which the course indicates the location of four round bastions.
- Schweinfurt
- Seehausen - the moat still surrounds most of the medieval town. Fragments of the walls are to be found at the southern side of the old town. One town gate still remains, the Beustertor.
- Seßlach
- Seligenstadt – the remains include the Steinheimer Torturm, the Pulverturm and a tower at the Friedhofsmauer.
- Segnitz
- Soest - 2,5 km of the town walls are still intact, also a town gate and a defense tower.
- Sommerach
- Sömmerda
- Sommerhausen
- Spalt
- Spangenberg
- Stade
- Staßfurt
- Stadt Blankenberg
- Steinheim
- Steinau an der Straße
- Stendal – two town gates still remain.
- Sternberg
- Stadtsteinach
- Stralsund
- Sulzbach – sizable parts of the walls and towers still remain. One town gate is preserved, the Rosenberger Tor.
- Sulzfeld am Main
- Tangermünde – most of the town walls still remain, including some towers.
- Templin
- Themar
- Treysa – the remains are located mainly South, East and North of the old town.
- Trier, portions of the city walls still exist, but the size of the Roman gate, the "Porta Nigra", gives evidence of the importance of the city. Other Roman remains include the baths, the Constantine Basilica, an amphitheater, and a 2nd-century AD Roman bridge.
- Torgau
- Überlingen
- Uffenheim
- Ulm an der Donau
- Villach
- Villingen
- Vilseck
- Vilshofen an der Donau
- Vellberg
- Volkach
- Waiblingen
- Waldenburg
- Waldfeucht
- Wangen im Allgäu
- Warburg
- Wassertrüdingen
- Wemding
- Weikersheim
- Weil der Stadt
- Weilrod – the only town gate still remains.
- Weißenburg
- Werben – one town gate still remains to the north east of the medieval town, the Elbtor. A tower with adjacent portion of the town wall remains to the west of the medieval town.
- Wertheim
- Wettenberg
- Windsbach
- Winterhausen
- Wittstock
- Witzenhausen
- Woldegk
- Wolframs-Eschenbach
- Worms, Germany
- Wörth am Main
- Wunsiedel 3 towers, small portions of the walls and a town gate still remain.
- Würzburg
- Xanten
- Zeil am Main
- Zerbst
- Zons
- Zülpich
- Zwickau
Gibraltar
- Gibraltar
Greece
- Arta
- Athens - mostly demolished, see city walls of Athens
- Chania - see Fortifications of Chania
- Chios
- Corfu
- Drama, Greece - sizable parts of the town walls remain to the north and east side of the old town. Including 2 towers and stretches of wall.
- Heraklion Candia Khandak - see Fortifications of Heraklion see siege of Candia - Arab and Byzantine walls still remain, about 20%, Venetian 7.5 km long walls, 95% still remain, 30.000 people live now inside the Venecian walls. Two gates, one castle in the sea
- Ioannina - see Ioannina Castle
- Kastoria - fragmentary remains.
- Kavala
- Kissamos
- Komotini
- Koroni - preserved fortifications of the castle and upper town.
- Missolonghi
- Monemvassia
- Mystras
- Nafplion
- Naupactus
- Preveza
- Rethymno - see Fortezza of Rethymno
- Rhodes - see Fortifications of Rhodes
- Thessaloniki - see Walls of Thessaloniki
- Veria
Hungary
- Buda – the Castle Hill is surrounded by preserved medieval and early modern fortifications. Only a short section survived from the walls of the Víziváros neighbourhood.
- Pest – segments of the 15th-century city walls are preserved inside the courtyards of later houses.
- Sopron – medieval circle of walls partly built on ancient Roman foundations
- Pécs – long sections of the medieval walls are preserved and freed to later intrusions.
- Veszprém – walled old town on Castle Hill
- Székesfehérvár – long sections of the medieval walls are preserved
- Sárospatak
- Vác – some segments and one tower preserved
- Eger – some segments preserved, mostly demolished
- Győr – the walls were demolished in the 19th century but segments are preserved
- Mosonmagyaróvár – the walls were demolished in the 1820s
Ireland
Place | County | Condition | Image | Notes | |||
Ardee | County Louth | ||||||
Athenry | County Galway | ||||||
Athlone | County Westmeath | ||||||
Bandon | County Cork | ||||||
Carlingford | County Louth | ||||||
Cashel | County Tipperary | ||||||
Clonmel | County Tipperary | ||||||
Cork | County Cork | ||||||
Drogheda | County Louth | County Dublin | |||||
Galway | County Galway | ||||||
Kilkenny | County Kilkenny | ||||||
Kilmallock | |||||||
Limerick | County Limerick | ||||||
New Ross | County Wexford | ||||||
Rinn Dunn / Lecarrow | County Roscommon | The best preserved abandoned medieval town in Ireland | |||||
Trim | County Meath | ||||||
Waterford | County Waterford | ||||||
Wexford | County Wexford | ||||||
Youghal | County Cork |
Italy
- Acuto
- Albenga - fragmentary remains, including stretches of wall and 3 town gates.
- Alghero
- Altamura - some remains; two gates are still visible, namely Port Bari and Porta dei Martiri
- Ancona
- Anghiari
- Aosta's Roman walls are still preserved almost in their entirety
- Appignano
- Aquasparta
- Arcevia
- Asolo
- Assisi
- Arezzo - Large parts of the town walls still survive, including several stretches of curtain wall, 6 bastions, 4 town gates and the well preserved citadel Fortezza Medicea.
- Bagnacavallo - two town gates remain.
- Bari – historically a walled port city on a promontory but only two bastions and a short section of the sea walls survived
- Bassano del Grappa
- Bastia Umbra
- Belvedere Ostrense
- Belluno
- Bergamo surrounding hill of the old city
- Bisceglie
- Bologna
- Bozzolo
- Brescia – the castle hill is surrounded by preserved medieval and Renaissance fortifications. Segments of Roman and venetian walls are partially survived
- Bressanone - the western gate remains as well as the north side where the houses serves as walls
- Brindisi - several parts of the walls are preserved, including 5 bastions and two town gates, the Porta Lecce and the Porta Mesagne.
- Brunico - three gates remain, the western, northern and eastern ones.
- Busseto
- Cagli
- Cagliari
- Camerino
- Capua
- Castel Bolognese - three wall towers still remain.
- Castel del Monte
- Castel Goffredo - tiny fraction of the walls and a tower remain
- Castelfranco Veneto - the old town is completely surrounded by medieval walls and a moat
- Castelvetro di Modena
- Castelsardo
- Castiglion Fiorentino
- Castiglione di Garfagnana
- Castiglione del Lago's old town has fully preserved walls
- Cesena
- Cingoli
- Cittadella - one of the best preserved walled towns in Italy, there's a small breach on the northwestern part
- Città della Pieve
- Città di Castello
- Cividale del Friuli - small part of the walls remain on the north east
- Colmurano
- Cologna Veneta - minor part of the walls remaining on the western side
- Como - about 70% is remaining with a few towers
- Cordovado - two town gates remain
- Corinaldo
- Corridonia
- Cortona
- Crema
- Crotone
- Domodossola - a tiny fraction remains behind the church
- Este, Veneto - parts of walls still remaining
- Fabriano
- Faenza
- Falerone
- Fano – large sections of the Roman walls and towers are preserved. One town gate still remains, the Roman Arco di Augusto.
- Felizzano
- Ferrara - originally 13 km now 9 km remain
- Firenzuola
- Fiuggi
- Florence
- Foligno
- Fossano - a minor part remains, particularly a bastion at the north end
- Forlì - remains include the ruins of the Porta Schiavona. The foundations of a tower can be found in the roundabout at the Piazza Santa Chiara.
- Gallipoli
- Gemona
- Genoa has partial fortifications still standing
- Glurns Glorenza in Italian, the medieval stone walls fully encapsulate the old town
- Gradara
- Gradisca d'Isonzo - large part of the walls and towers still intact
- Grosseto's star shaped town walls are almost completely intact.
- Guardiagrele
- Guastalla - a star shaped road around the town indicates the trace of the fortifications. A wall tower still stands at the corner Via Giuseppe Verdi/Via Volturno.
- Iglesias
- Isernia
- Ivrea
- Jesi
- Lanciano
- Lazise - part of the northern and southern walls still intact, including several towers and 3 town gates.
- Lecce
- Lecco - small part of the walls remains on the north east
- Leonessa
- Loano
- Loro Piceno
- Lucca
- Macerata
- Marostica - The defensive walls around the old town are fully intact. The walls are among the best preserved medieval defensive structures in Italy. Including 3 town gates, 20 towers and two castles, the Castello Superiore and the Castello Inferiore.
- Marsala
- Marta
- Massa Martana
- Massa Fermana
- Matera
- Melfi
- Messina - see Fortifications of Messina
- Mignano Monte Lungo - the Porta Fratte town gate is the only remain of the medieval town walls.
- Mondolfo
- Monopoli
- Montefalco
- Montegiorgio
- Montagnana - perfectly preserved medieval walls and one of the most impressive in Europe
- Montappone - small fortified town. The town directly borders the walled town of Massa Fermana
- Montecassiano
- Montecatini Terme
- Monte del Lago
- Monte San Giusto - fragmentary remains, including an impressive town gate and a tower.
- Monte San Pietrangeli
- Monte San Savino
- Monte Vidon Corrado
- Muggia - remains include two towers, two stone bastions, two town gates and large stretches of the walls.
- Naples
- Nardò - several fragments of the walls still stand around the town, including many towers which are incorporated in houses.
- Narni
- Nettuno
- Noale
- Norcia
- Novi Ligure
- Orbetello
- Orvieto
- Ostra
- Ostuni
- Otranto
- Padova
- Palmanova has fortress plan and structure, called a star fort it is a nine pointed citadel
- Passignano Sul Trasimeno
- Pavia
- Perugia
- Pesaro - the remains include two bastions, a curtain wall and a town gate, the Porta Rimini.
- Peschiera del Garda - fortified town surrounded by water
- Peschici
- Petriolo
- Piacenza has large sections of its Renaissance walls still standing
- Piglio
- Piombino
- Pisa
- Pistoia
- Pizzighettone - nearly completely surrounded by walls apart from a few breaches
- Pollenza
- Pontremoli
- Portobuffolé - little town with a gate remaining
- Portoferraio
- Potenza Piceno
- Pozzuoli
- Prato
- Procida
- Rapagnano
- Rapolano Terme
- Ravenna
- Reggio Emilia - very little remains of the medieval town walls. One town gate remains, the impressive Porta Santa Croce. A stretch of wall is located at the Viale Monte Grappa.
- Ricetto di Candelo - small town completely surrounded by walls
- Rieti
- Rimini
- Riva del Garda - parts of the walls and two gates remain
- Rome has walls since the Roman Empire
- Rovereto - a part of the medieval stone walls remains on the eastern side
- Sabbioneta. surrounded by a star fort
- Salò - two gates remaining
- San Costanzo - one of the smallest fortified towns in Italy
- San Gemini
- San Gimignano
- San Severino Marche
- San Vito al Tagliamento - part of the walls remain and three gates
- Santarcangelo di Romagna – most of the medieval town wall remains around the olt town, including long stretches of wall, a gate and several towers.
- Sansepolcro
- Sant'Angelo in Pontano
- Sassari fragmentary remains, mainly at the north side of the old town.
- Savignaro Sul Panaro
- Sciacca
- Senigallia
- Serra De'Conti
- Sesto al Reghena - two gates remain
- Siena
- Siracusa
- Soave - town surrounded by medieval walls and three gates
- Soncino - nearly completely surrounded by walls and a moat
- Spilamberto - one town gate still remains.
- Spilimbergo
- Spoleto
- Staffolo
- Sulmona
- Susa - fragmentary remains of Roman walls. The cathedral is built against the side of the Roman town gate Porta Savoia. Several parts of the walls and three lowered towers can be found alongside the Corso Unione Sovietica.
- Talamone
- Tarquinia
- Termoli
- Terra del Sole almost all town walls remain, with four bastion and two gate. Ideal-town of renaissance
- Todi
- Torino - the remains include the impressive Roman town gate Porta Palatina and 3 bastions with turrets and curtain walls in the park nearby the Porta Palatina.
- torre San Patrizio
- Torri del Benaco - minor part of the wall remaining on the south side
- Trapani
- Treia
- Trevi
- Treviso
- Tuscania
- Udine - fraction of the walls remain and two gates
- Urbino
- Urbisaglia
- Verona
- Veruccio
- Venzone - medieval stone walls surrounding the town, partly rebuilt after the 1976 earthquake
- Vicenza large sections of the town walls still remain, mainly alongside the Viale Giuseppe Mazzini, Via Goivanni Cecciarini and the Via Legione Gallieno. Four town gates remain, the Porta San Bortolo, Porta Santa Lucia, Porta Castello and the Porta Santa Croce.
- Villafranca di Verona - completely intact walls part of the castle
- Vipiteno - a tower gate remains
- Volterra
-
Latvia
- Riga – the best preserved part of the old town walls is the Powder Tower. Just north west of the Powder Tower remains a stretch of wall with a square tower. Foundations of the wall can be seen at Kalēju iela street, and there are fragments of a ruined wall at the site of a demolished building at Minsterejas iela street. The only remains of the earthen ramparts around the old town is a star shaped moat, now transformed into a park.
- Cēsis
- Daugavpils fortress
- Limbaži
- Valmiera
Lithuania
- Vilnius
- Kaunas
Luxembourg
- Luxembourg
Macedonia
- Ohrid
- Skopje
Malta
Monaco
- Monaco
Montenegro
- Kotor
- Bar
- Budva
- Herceg Novi
- Kotor - built by Illyrian tribes in the 9th century and enlarged many times from the 13th century until the 19th century.
- Podgorica
- Sveti Stefan
- Ulcinj
Netherlands
Norway
- Fredrikstad
- Gamlebyen
- Oslo
Poland
- Biała Prudnicka
- Białogard
- Bolesławiec – the old town has fragmentary remains of the old town wall, including several towers and stretches of wall.
- Braniewo
- Brodnica
- Brzeg – a star-shaped park around the old town is what remains of the renaissance fortifications. Some parts of the moat still remain. The shape of seven bastions is recognizable from the air.
- Bystrzyca Kłodzka
- Chełmno – almost whole length of walls, with 17 watch towers and city gate, 13th and 14th centuries.
- Chojna
- Chojnice
- Dąbie
- Dzierżoniów
- Gdańsk
- Głogów
- Gniew
- Goleniów
- Golub-Dobrzyń
- Gorzów Wielkopolski
- Grodków
- Grudziądz
- Gryfice
- Gryfino
- Jawor
- Jelenia Góra
- Kalisz
- Kamień Pomorski
- Kętrzyn
- Kłodzko – the remains include the impressive citadel located on a hill north of the medieval town.
- Kołobrzeg – a round basion and a part of the moat still remain.
- Kostrzyn – the medieval town was entirely destroyed during World War II, only remaining some ruins of houses, the ruins of a church and the riverside fortified walls. The fortified walls include three bastions and a land gate. The remaining moat of an outer work is located north west of the ruined medieval town.
- Koszalin
- Kowalewo Pomorskie
- Kożuchów
- Kraków – only the barbican, Floriańska Gate, two watch towers and some traces preserved
- Krapkowice
- Kwidzyn
- Legnica
- Lębork – city ruins from the Medieval era
- Lidzbark Warmiński
- Lipiany
- Lubań – partially preserved
- Lubawa
- Lubin
- Lublin
- Malbork – one gate and a round bastion still remain. Stretches of the walls still remain alongside the river in the direction of the famous Malbork Castle
- Maszewo – the town walls are nearly complete, apart from two breaches made for the increasing traffic. The two original town gates are demolished, and an adjacent tower of one of the gates still remains.
- Mieszkowice
- Modlin Fortress
- Myślibórz
- Nowe – sizable parts of the walls remain.
- Nowe Miasto Lubawskie – two town gates remain.
- Nowogrodziec
- Nysa – there are large remains of the renaissance fortifications, notably to the east of the old town and to the north of the Nysa Klodzka river. There are several forts around Nysa. The remains of the medieval town walls include two land gates, the remains of a water gate, some towers and stretches of wall.
- Olkusz
- Olsztyn
- Opole – the remaining walls are located in the north east corner of the medieval town.
- Paczków – very well preserved walls with 19 towers and 3 gates
- Pasłęk – large stretches of the walls remain intact, including two city gates
- Poznań – city walls existed until the early 19th century ; Prussian fortifications were built in the 19th century
- Prabuty
- Przemyśl – partially preserved ruins
- Pyrzyce – until World War II best preserved city walls in Pomerania region, from the 14th century
- Sandomierz
- Słupsk
- Stargard – significant parts survived with 3 gates ; one of the most interesting city walls in Poland
- Starogard Gdański
- Strzegom
- Sulechów
- Susz
- Syców
- Szczecin – to the east of the castle remains a well-preserved wall tower. Two town gates still remain.
- Szprotawa
- Szydłów – city walls with Krakowska Gate and watch towers built in the 14th century
- Środa Śląska
- Świebodzice
- Świebodzin
- Tarnów
- Tczew
- Toruń – several watch towers, three city gates and some sections from the 13th to 15th centuries
- Trzcińsko-Zdrój
- Trzebiatów
- Warsaw – partially preserved, partially restored after World War II, barbican restored
- Wieluń
- Wolin – only one bastion remains to the south of the town.
- Ząbkowice Śląskie
- Zamość – complete renaissance and 19th-century walls preserved
- Złotoryja
- Żagań
- Żary
Portugal
- Almeida Vauban style fortress town.
- Avis
- Beja
- Bragança – the old town is still completely surrounded with medieval walls, including all 12 towers and two gates.
- Caminha
- Castelo Branco
- Castelo de Vide
- Chaves
- Coimbra
- Évora
- Elvas - Elvas is among the finest examples of intensive usage of the trace italienne in military architecture.
- Estremoz
- Guarda
- Guimarães
- Lagos, Portugal
- Lisboa, Portugal - There are fragments of a Fernandin Wall since the 13th century.
- Marvão
- Monção
- Monsaraz
- Monforte
- Óbidos
- Olivenza
- Peniche
- Santarém
- Setúbal - the remains of 5 bastions can be found around town.
- Valença
- Vide
- Vila Viçosa
Romania
- Alba Iulia
- Bistriţa
- Brașov
- Cluj-Napoca
- Constanța
- Mediaș
- Oradea
- Orăștie
- Sebeș
- Sibiu
- Sighișoara
- Timișoara
Russia
- Astrakhan
- Derbent
- Izborsk
- Ivangorod
- Kazan
- Kolomna
- Moscow
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Novgorod
- Porkhov
- Pskov
- St. Petersburg
- Smolensk
- Shlisselburg
- Tobolsk
- Tula
- Vyborg
- Yaroslavl
- Zaraysk
Serbia
- Belgrade – Kalemegdan
- Novi Sad – Petrovaradin
- Bač
- Manasija – Resava
- Niš
- Pirot
- Smederevo
- Golubac
- Maglič
- Šabac
Slovakia
- Banská Bystrica
- Banská Štiavnica – only one city gate left
- Bardejov – walls almost completely preserved, with bastions and barbican
- Beckov
- Bojnice – large parts of the wall preserved, together with one of the city gates
- Bratislava – only few structures have survived from original fortifications.
- Brezno
- Fiľakovo
- Komárno – baroque fortifications almost completely preserved
- Košice
- Kremnica – about two-thirds of the defensive walls around the town preserved, with several bastions and the city gate with barbican.
- Krupina
- Levice – parts of the defensive walls were found during an archaeological survey
- Levoča – almost completely preserved
- Modra – about two-thirds of the walls still standing, one bastion and one of the city gates
- Nové Zámky
- Pezinok – parts of the defensive walls visible on several locations of the town
- Podolínec
- Pukanec
- Prešov – parts of the defensive walls were found during an archaeological survey
- Sabinov
- Skalica – large parts preserved
- Spišská Kapitula
- Svätý Jur
- Trenčín – parts of the defensive walls were found during an archaeological survey
- Trnava – mostly preserved, with several bastions and one city gate
- Zvolen
- Žilina
Slovenia
- Celje
- Koper
- Kranj - evidence of the 1st-century fortifications and parts of the medieval fortifications, with four of the original eight towers preserved
- Ljubljana - In the 1st century AD, a Roman settlement called Emona, on the site of the present-day Ljubljana, was fortified with strong walls. A small section of the southern wall is still preserved to this day. Ljubljana got its medieval walls, like many other towns in Slovenia, in the 13th century
- Maribor - 13th-century fortification, some segments of which, including four of the towers, are still preserved. The walls of Maribor withstood sieges by Matthias Corvinus in 1480/1481 and by the Ottoman Empire in 1532 and 1683
- Novo Mesto
- Piran - 7th-century fortification, expanded between 1470 and 1533
- Ptuj - 13th-century fortification
- Slovenj Gradec
- Škofja Loka
- Vipavski Križ
Spain
- A Coruña - fragmentary remains and 3 gates
- Aínsa
- Alarcón
- Albarracín
- Alburquerque
- Alcalá de Henares - has preserved 1,200 metres of walls dotted with 19 towers
- Alcántara, Cáceres
- Alcúdia
- Almazán
- Alquézar
- Artajona
- Astorga
- Atienza
- Ávila - has the most complete medieval walls in Spain, half of which is navigable on foot
- Badajoz - has medieval walls and most of its renaissance fortress
- Balaguer
- Barcelona - has portions of a Roman wall
- Béjar
- Berlanga
- Berlanga de Duero
- Besalú
- Brihuega
- Buitrago del Lozoya - has complete medieval walls.
- Burgos - has some sizable remaining parts of the town walls alongside the Paseo Cubos and to the north east of the castle, including 10 wall towers. There are also remaining towers at the Calle Trinidad and the Calle San Lesmes. Five gates still remain intact, the Arco de Santa Maria, the Arco San Martin, the Arco de San Esteban, the Arco de San Gil and the Arco de San Juan
- Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma
- Cáceres
- Campo Maior
- Cartagena
- Castellar de la Frontera
- Cedeira - fragmentary remains
- Ceuta
- Ciudad Rodrigo - suffered several sieges in Napoleonic wars, walls remain intact
- Ciutadella de Menorca
- Coca, Segovia
- Córdoba
- Coria – the old town is still completely surrounded by medieval and Roman walls
- Covarrubias, Province of Burgos
- Cuéllar
- Cuenca
- Daroca
- Frías, Province of Burgos
- Galisteo – the town walls are completely preserved
- Gijon
- Girona
- Granada
- Zarza de Granadilla
- Haza, Province of Burgos
- Hondarribia
- Huesca - fragmentary remains
- Ibiza
- Jerez de los Caballeros
- Laguardia
- Laredo - two town gates still remain, the Puerta de Merenillo and the Puerta de Bilbao
- Llanes
- León - has an almost complete set of Roman walls dating back to the 3rd century AD, besides some parts built during the Middle Ages
- Loarre
- Lugo - has completely intact Roman walls. It is protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site
- Maderuelo
- Walls of Madrid - five walls
- Maderuelo
- Madrigal de las Altas Torres
- Málaga
- Mansilla de las Mulas
- Manzaneda - Part of the medieval wall still remains, including one of the 3 gates
- Mataró
- Medina del Campo - fragmentary remains
- Melilla - the old town is still fully enclosed by its impressive medieval walls
- Mirambel
- Molina de Aragón
- Monforte de Lemos - most of the 13th century city walls have been preserved, including two gates.
- Montblanc
- Montfalco Murallat
- Mora de Rubielos
- Morella
- Niebla, Huelva
- Olivenza - the oldest part of the town, the area adjacent to the medieval castle of Olivenza, still has well-preserved stretches of walls and towers, including two original town gates. Large parts of the later star-shaped Renaissance fortifications are also preserved, including 9 bastions and 1 town gate, the Puerta del Calvario
- Olmedo
- Oviedo - has preserved parts of its medieval walls
- Palazuelos
- Palma, Majorca
- Pamplona
- Pedraza, Segovia
- Peniscola
- Plasencia
- Portillo, Valladolid - fragmentary remains
- Rada
- Rello
- Requena
- Ronda - has almost complete walls
- Salamanca
- San Vicente de la Barquera - the old town has preserved the walls along with the castle
- Santander – the old town had medieval defensive walls. A stretch of wall alongside Calle de Cadiz is all that remains
- Santiago de Compostela - only a gate remains
- Santillana del Mar – there are fragmentary remains of the medieval walls, including a stretch of wall alongside a car park southeast of the old town and a tower at the Plaza las Arenas facing to the north
- Sasamón
- Segovia - preserves parts of the wall plus three gates
- Sigüenza
- Talavera de la Reina
- Tarifa
- Tarragona
- Tiedra - vestiges
- Toledo
- Tortosa - large parts of the extensively fortified medieval town remain intact
- Tossa de Mar
- Tui - a large part of both the 12th century wall and the 17/18th century fortifications has been preserved.
- Urueña
- Valencia - preserves portions of a Muslim wall and towers from Christian medieval age
- Valladolid - vestiges
- Vitoria-Gasteiz - fragmentary remains
- Viveiro - fragmentary remains and 3 gates of the original 6
- Xàtiva
- Zamora – the old town walls remain largely intact, especially at the north, west and riverside of the old town.
- Zaragoza
Sweden
- City wall of Visby
- Gothenburg has a part of the western city wall left, the bastion Carolus Rex at Esperanto platsen and most of the city moat is still left.
- Halmstad had renaissance ramparts. To the north of the old town a bastion with adjacent town gate remains, the Norre Port. To the south of the old town a bastion with a remnant of the moat remains.
- Kalmar substantial remains of the walls. Sizable stretches of walls and a bastion remain to the south of the old town. To the east remain two bastions. To the north remain portions of wall near Fiskaregatan. To the west the shape of two bastions is clearly recognizable, with a ravelin in front of the remaining town gate Westport. Two other town gates still remain, an unmanned gate of later date at the Skeppsbrogatan, and a gate at Skeppsbron.
- Stockholm has a small remainder of the medieval city wall preserved.
- Bohus Fortress
Switzerland
- Aarau – the remains of the medieval town walls include two town gates and a tower with an adjacent stretch of wall.
- Altstätten
- Arbon – the remains include some fragments of wall and a tower converted into a house.
- Avenches
- Baden
- Basel
- Bellinzona
- Biel
- Bremgarten
- Brugg
- Bülach
- Chur
- Delémont
- Diessenhofen
- Frauenfeld
- Fribourg
- Geneva
- Greifensee
- Grüningen
- Gruyères
- Ilanz
- Laufen
- Lausanne
- Lenzburg
- Liestal – one town gate remains.
- Lucerne – the wall on the northern bank of the Reuss is well preserved and among the principal landmarks of the city. It is called Museggmauer and Stadtmauer., called Museggmauer or Stadtmauer.
- Maienfeld
- Meienberg, Sins, Aargau
- Morges
- Münchenstein
- Murten: Medieval walls
- Neuchâtel
- Nyon
- Olten
- Orbe
- Rapperswil
- Regensberg
- Rheinfelden
- Romont
- Schaffhausen
- Sempach
- Solothurn – large parts still remain, including several walls, towers and a bastion. Two town gates remain, the impressive Baseltor and the Bieltor.
- Steckborn
- Sursee
- Thun
- Uznach
- Wangen an der Aare
- Werdenberg
- Wiedlisbach
- Willisau
- Winterthur
- Yverdon-les-Bains
- Zofingen
- Zug – the only remainder of the inner town walls is the Zeitturm, a medieval town gate. The remains of the outer town walls include four towers, and some stretches of wall.
- Zurich – the main remains are the Schanzengraben, and the shapes of several bastions are recognizable through the course of the moat. One bastions remains largely intact, and it now houses the Alter Botanischer Garten.
Turkey
- Troy. The ancient city of Troy was famous for its defensive walls. There is archaeological evidence that Troy VII, generally identified as the stage of the legendary Trojan War of Homer's Iliad, usually dated between 1194 BC – 1184 BC, had walls with a carefully built stone base over four meters thick and some nine meters high in places, which was surmounted by a larger superstructure with towers in mudbrick. The walls in Homer's epic are so mighty that the siege of Troy by Achaeans lasts more than nine years, and only could be finished with the trickery of the Trojan Horse. Sections of the stone base of Trojan walls still survive on the archaeological site in present-day Hisarlık, in Çanakkale Province.
- Istanbul. The system of walls around Constantinople built in 412 by the Roman emperor Theodosius II was a complex stone barrier that stretched 6.5 kilometers and is often called the Wall of Theodosius. This barrier stood impregnable for ten centuries and resisted several violent sieges until 1453 when the Ottomans succeeded in breaching the walls. There was a new element in the battlefield: the Ottoman army had powder cannon and the walls offered limited resistance to them.
- Diyarbakır. Diyarbakır is surrounded by an almost intact, dramatic set of high walls of black basalt forming a circle around the old city. There are four gates into the old city and 82 watch-towers on the walls, which were built in antiquity, restored and extended by the Roman emperor Constantius in 349.
- Osmangazi
- Ankara
- Çanakkale
- İznik
- Antalya
- Sinop
- Rize
- Amasya
- Bodrum
- Alanya
- Ani
- Kuşadası
- Pergamon
- Assos
- Bozcaada
- Edirne
- Trabzon. The most of the city walls are still standing and are among the city's oldest buildings. In fact, their oldest part can be dated back to the 1st century AD during the Roman Empire era. Historical sources provide information about older stages of their construction. Xenophon, who visited the city in the 5th century BC also mentioned the existence of city walls
- Enez
Ukraine
- Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
- Letychiv
- Lutsk
- Lviv
- Medzhybizh
- Uzhhorod
United Kingdom
England
Place | County | Condition | Image | Notes |
Alnwick | Northumberland | Grade 1 listed Bondgate and section of wall remain of medieval defences, Pottergate Tower is C18 rebuild of medieval gate and may incorporate some medieval fabric. | ||
Bath | Somerset | Several fragments of the medieval wall still survive. The East Gate is the only remaining gateway. | The length of wall opposite the Mineral Water Hospital is largely a reconstruction of the medieval wall. By far the best length, over 160 ft, could until 1963 be seen on the site cleared by an air-raid in 1940. This was the SE corner of the medieval city. The remains of this wall now lie buried below the floor of the new Woolworths store. | |
Berwick-upon-Tweed | Northumberland | The Elizabethan ramparts with their bastions, gateways and earthworks survive. | Spades Mire is an earthwork linear ditches, possibly forming an outer line of defence for medieval Berwick. Situated on the south side of the ditch are traces of an accompanying rampart, now much spread and up to 13m wide. The Lord's Mount is a massive curved stone bulwark which was built in the 1540s to protect the town walls at their weakest point. | |
Bridgnorth | Shropshire | The North Gate is still present, the site of the former Postern Gate still very visible; and parts of the wall now form garden walls in various parts of the town. | Bridgnorth's town walls were initially constructed in timber between 1216 and 1223; murage grants allowed them to be upgraded to stone between the 13th and 15th centuries. | |
Bristol | Bristol | Most of the walls were demolished in 1760, although traces and one city gate remain. | The walls were initially raised by Geoffrey de Montbray, a Norman nobleman who built Bristol Castle. | |
Canterbury | Kent | Over half of the original circuit survives, including Westgate, the largest surviving city gate in England. | Originally fortified by the Romans | |
Carlisle | Cumbria | The castle and western walls largely survive. | ||
Chester | Cheshire | Mostly intact | the city walls are one of the city's biggest tourist attractions. They were originally built by the Romans and continue to form a complete ring around much of the present-day city centre. | |
Chichester | West Sussex | The original Roman city wall was over 6 1⁄2 foot thick with a steep ditch. It survived for over one and a half thousand years but was then replaced by a thinner Georgian wall. | ||
Colchester | Essex | Approximately half of the walls remain. | The town was surrounded by a wall built by the Romans after Boudica had sacked the town. | |
Coventry | West Midlands | Two gates survive, connected by a section of wall that runs through Lady Herbert's Garden. Other small fragments dotted around the city centre, mainly hidden by modern buildings, include the remains of a bastion near Upper Well Street. Several fragments have been incorporated into newer buildings, including the Town Wall Tavern. | The walls were mostly demolished in 1662 | |
Durham | County Durham | The Castle formed the largest part of Durham's defences, with the neighbouring "Backgate", demolished in the 1760s, which sat across Sadler Street. This was accompanied by a Gaol, which survived until the 1840s, remains of which are present in an alley off Sadler Street. Other walls surrounding the centre of Durham survive between the River Wear, and the houses lining a number of thoroughfares: Sadler Street, North Bailey, South Bailey, and Palace Green. The street names North Bailey and South Bailey are testament to this fact. | It is debatable just how defensive these walls were, and some parts have since become garden walls. The archway of a Water Gate survives where South Bailey meets Prebends' Bridge. | |
Exeter | Devon | |||
Great Yarmouth | Norfolk | About two-thirds of the wall remains. Of the original eighteen towers, eleven survive. | The walls date back to the Middle Ages | |
Hartlepool | County Durham | Dating from the late 14th century, the limestone wall once enclosed the whole of the medieval town. | ||
Hereford | Herefordshire | |||
Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | |||
Leicester | Leicestershire | Mostly demolished in the 16th century. | The city walls were originally built by the Romans and most of them still remained by the 15th century, however archaeological evidence suggests that they were partially destroyed and rebuilt a number of times, including after the 1173 rebellion. | |
Lincoln | Lincolnshire | Fragmentary remains | ||
London | Greater London | Fragments of London's Wall, the wall that once surrounded the Roman town of Londinium, are still visible just outside the Museum of London and at Tower Hill in the City of London. | ||
Ludlow | Shropshire | Good lengths of the wall remain and a number of the gates too | ||
Newcastle upon Tyne | Tyne and Wear | Much of the town wall was demolished during the late 18th and early 19th centuries but several sections still remain. | ||
Norwich | Norfolk | |||
Oxford | Oxfordshire | Major fragments are preserved in the gardens of New College and Merton College and as part of the exterior wall of Pembroke College on Brewer Street. | ||
Rochester | Kent | The city walls were first built by the Romans. | ||
Rye | East Sussex | In 1377 the city was sacked by the French, after which the city walls were completed as a defence against foreign raiders. | ||
Salisbury | Wiltshire | Around the original medieval city, including the cathedral and the close. | ||
Shrewsbury | Shropshire | One long section remains along the 'Town Walls' road; other shorter sections exist, such as behind Newport House on Dogpole, and near Shrewsbury Castle | ||
Southampton | Hampshire | Lengthy sections of Southampton town walls remain, especially to the south and west. | ||
Wallingford | Oxfordshire | |||
Wareham | Dorset | |||
Warwick | Warwickshire | |||
Winchelsea | East Sussex | |||
Winchester | Hampshire | Walls fragmentary, but traceable throughout their length. Repaired in 14th and 15th centuries. Limestone rubble. South east corner of full height complete with battlements. Walls shared by the city, Wolvesey Palace, Cathedral Close and Wolvesey Castle. Two gates remain. Wall ran along line of Roman Wall." | ||
Worcester | Worcestershire | Remains of the Worcester city walls can still be seen | ||
York | North Yorkshire | the extensive city walls are the longest and most complete in England, lacking only a few short sections and most of the posterns. |