WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children

Anaesthetics

General anaesthetics and oxygen

Inhalational medicines

• Halothane
• Isoflurane
• Nitrous oxide
• Oxygen

  Injectable medicines

• Ketamine
• Propofol

  Local anaesthetics

• Bupivacaine
• Lidocaine
• Lidocaine/epinephrine

  Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures

• Atropine
• Midazolam
• Morphine

  Medical gases

• Oxygen

  Medicines for pain and palliative care

Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs)

• Ibuprofen
• Paracetamol

  Opioid analgesics

• Morphine
• Methadone

  Medicines for other symptoms common in palliative care

• Amitriptyline
• Cyclizine
• Dexamethasone
• Diazepam
• Docusate sodium
• Fluoxetine
• Hyoscine hydrobromide
• Lactulose
• Midazolam
• Ondansetron
• Senna

  Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis

• Dexamethasone
• Epinephrine
• Hydrocortisone
• Loratadine
• Prednisolone

  Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings

Non-specific

• Charcoal, activated

  Specific

• Acetylcysteine
• Atropine
• Calcium gluconate
• Naloxone
• Deferoxamine
• Dimercaprol
• Fomepizole
• Sodium calcium edetate
• Succimer

  Anticonvulsants/antiepileptics

• Carbamazepine
• Diazepam
• Lamotrigine
• Lorazepam
• Midazolam
• Phenobarbital
• Phenytoin
• Valproic acid
• Ethosuximide
• Valproic acid

  Anti-infective medicines

Antihelminthics

Intestinal antihelminthics

• Albendazole
• Ivermectin
• Levamisole
• Mebendazole
• Niclosamide
• Praziquantel
• Pyrantel

  Antifilarials

• Albendazole
• Diethylcarbamazine
• Ivermectin

  Antischistosomals and other antinematode medicines

• Praziquantel
• Triclabendazole
• Oxamniquine

  Antibiotics

Access group antibiotics

• Amikacin
• Amoxicillin
• Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
• Ampicillin
• Benzathine benzylpenicillin
• Benzylpenicillin
• Cefalexin
• Cefazolin
• Chloramphenicol
• Clindamycin
• Cloxacillin
• Doxycycline
• Gentamicin
• Metronidazole
• Nitrofurantoin
• Phenoxymethylpenicillin
• Procaine benzylpenicillin
• Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

  Watch group antibiotics

• Azithromycin
• Cefixime
• Cefotaxime
• Ceftriaxone
• Cefuroxime
• Ciprofloxacin
• Clarithromycin
• Piperacillin/tazobactam
• Vancomycin
• Ceftazidime
• Meropenem
• Vancomycin

  Reserve group antibiotics

• Ceftazidime/avibactam
• Colistin
• Fosfomycin
• Linezolid
• Polymyxin B

  Antileprosy medicines

• Clofazimine
• Dapsone
• Rifampicin

  Antituberculosis medicines

• Ethambutol
• Isoniazid
• Isoniazid/pyrazinamide/rifampicin
• Isoniazid/rifampicin
• Pyrazinamide
• Rifampicin
• Rifapentine
• Amikacin
• Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
• Bedaquiline
• Clofazimine
• Cycloserine
• Delamanid
• Ethionamide
• Levofloxacin
• Linezolid
• Meropenem
• Moxifloxacin
• P-aminosalicylic acid
• Streptomycin

  Antifungal medicines

• Amphotericin B
• Fluconazole
• Flucytosine
• Griseofulvin
• Itraconazole
• Nystatin
• Voriconazole
• Potassium iodide

  Antiviral medicines

Antiherpes medicines

• Aciclovir

  Antiretrovirals

Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

• Abacavir
• Lamivudine
• Zidovudine

  Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

• Efavirenz
• Nevirapine

  Protease inhibitors

• Atazanavir
• Darunavir
• Lopinavir/ritonavir
• Ritonavir

  Integrase inhibitors

• Dolutegravir
• Raltegravir
• Abacavir/lamivudine
• Lamivudine/nevirapine/stavudine
• Lamivudine/nevirapine/zidovudine
• Lamivudine/zidovudine

  Medicines for prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections

• Isoniazid/pyridoxine/sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

  Other antivirals

• Ribavirin
• Oseltamivir
• Valganciclovir

  Antihepatitis medicines

Medicines for hepatitis B

Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

• Entecavir

  Medicines for hepatitis C

Antiprotozoal medicines

Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines

• Diloxanide
• Metronidazole

  Antileishmaniasis medicines

• Amphotericin B
• Miltefosine
• Paromomycin
• Sodium stibogluconate or meglumine antimoniate

  Antimalarial medicines

For curative treatment

• Amodiaquine
• Artemether
• Artemether/lumefantrine
• Artesunate
• Artesunate/amodiaquine
• Artesunate/mefloquine
• Artesunate/pyronaridine tetraphosphate
• Chloroquine
• Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine phosphate
• Doxycycline
• Mefloquine
• Primaquine
• Quinine
• Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine

  For chemoprevention

• Amodiaquine + sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine
• Chloroquine
• Doxycycline
• Mefloquine
• Proguanil
• Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine

  Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines

• Pyrimethamine
• Sulfadiazine
• Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

  Antitrypanosomal medicines

African trypanosomiasis

• Fexinidazole

  1st stage

• Pentamidine
• Suramin sodium

  2nd stage

• Eflornithine
• Nifurtimox
• Melarsoprol

  American trypanosomiasis

• Benznidazole
• Nifurtimox

  Medicines for ectoparasitic infections

• Ivermectin

  Antimigraine medicines

For treatment of acute attack

• Ibuprofen
• Paracetamol

  For prophylaxis

• Propranolol

  Immunomodulators and Antineoplastics

Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease

• Adalimumab
• Azathioprine
• Ciclosporin

  Antineoplastic and supportive medicines

Cytotoxic medicines

• Arsenic trioxide
• Asparaginase
• Bleomycin
• Calcium folinate
• Carboplatin
• Cisplatin
• Cyclophosphamide
• Cytarabine
• Dacarbazine
• Dactinomycin
• Daunorubicin
• Doxorubicin
• Etoposide
• Fluorouracil
• Hydroxycarbamide
• Ifosfamide
• Irinotecan
• Mercaptopurine
• Methotrexate
• Oxaliplatin
• Paclitaxel
• Pegaspargase
• Procarbazine
• Realgar/Indigo naturalis
• Tioguanine
• Vinblastine
• Vincristine

  Targeted therapies

• All-trans retinoid acid
• Dasatinib
• Imatinib
• Nilotinib
• Rituximab

  Immunomodulators

• Filgrastim

  Hormones and antihormones

• Dexamethasone
• Hydrocortisone
• Methylprednisolone
• Prednisolone

  Supportive medicines

• Allopurinol
• Mesna

  Antiparkinsonism

Medicines affecting the blood

Antianaemia medicines

• Ferrous salt
• Folic acid
• Hydroxocobalamin
• Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

  Medicines affecting coagulation

• Enoxaparin
• Phytomenadione
• Desmopressin
• Heparin sodium
• Protamine sulfate
• Warfarin

  Other medicines for haemoglobinopathies

• Deferoxamine
• Hydroxycarbamide

  Blood products of human origin and plasma substitutes

Blood and blood components

• Fresh frozen plasma
• Platelets
• Red blood cells
• Whole blood

  Plasma-derived medicines

Human immunoglobulins

• Anti-rabies immunoglobulin
• Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin
• Normal immunoglobulin

  Blood coagulation factors

• Coagulation factor VIII
• Coagulation factor IX

  Plasma substitutes

• Dextran 70

  Cardiovascular medicines

Antianginal medicines

Antiarrhythmic medicines

Antihypertensive medicines

• Enalapril

  Medicines used in heart failure

• Digoxin
• Furosemide
• Dopamine

  Antithrombotic medicines

Lipid-lowering agents

Dermatological medicines (topical)

Antifungal medicines

• Miconazole
• Terbinafine

  Anti-infective medicines

• Mupirocin
• Potassium permanganate
• Silver sulfadiazine

  Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines

• Betamethasone
• Calamine
• Hydrocortisone

  Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation

• Benzoyl peroxide
• Coal tar
• Podophyllum resin
• Salicylic acid
• Urea

  Scabicides and pediculicides

• Benzyl benzoate
• Permethrin

  Diagnostic agents

Ophthalmic medicines

• Fluorescein
• Tropicamide

  Radiocontrast media

• Barium sulfate

  Disinfectants and antiseptics

Antiseptics

• Chlorhexidine
• Ethanol
• Povidone iodine

  Disinfectants

• Alcohol based hand rub
• Chlorine base compound
• Chloroxylenol
• Glutaral

  Diuretics

• Furosemide
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Mannitol
• Spironolactone

  Gastrointestinal medicines

• Pancreatic enzymes

  Antiulcer medicines

• Omeprazole
• Ranitidine

  Antiemetic medicines

• Dexamethasone
• Metoclopramide
• Ondansetron
• Aprepitant

  Anti-inflammatory medicines

Laxatives

Medicines used in diarrhoea

• Oral rehydration salts + zinc sulfate

  Oral rehydration

• Oral rehydration salts

  Medicines for diarrhoea

• Zinc sulfate

  Medicines for endocrine disorders

Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes

• Fludrocortisone
• Hydrocortisone

  Androgens

Estrogens

Progestogens

Medicines for diabetes

Insulins

• Insulin injection
• Intermediate-acting insulin

  Oral hypoglycaemic agents

• Metformin

  Medicines for hypoglycaemia

• Glucagon
• Diazoxide

  Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines

• Levothyroxine
• Lugol's solution
• Methimazole
• Potassium iodide
• Propylthiouracil

  Immunologicals

Diagnostic agents

• Tuberculin, purified protein derivative

  Sera and immunoglobulins

• Antivenom immunoglobulin
• Diphtheria antitoxin

  Vaccines

• BCG vaccine
• Diphtheria vaccine
• Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
• Hepatitis B vaccine
• HPV vaccine
• Measles vaccine
• Pertussis vaccine
• Pneumococcal vaccine
• Poliomyelitis vaccine
• Rotavirus vaccine
• Rubella vaccine
• Tetanus vaccine
• Japanese encephalitis vaccine
• Yellow fever vaccine
• Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine
• Cholera vaccine
• Dengue vaccine
• Hepatitis A vaccine
• Meningococcal meningitis vaccine
• Rabies vaccine
• Typhoid vaccine
• Influenza vaccine
• Mumps vaccine
• Varicella vaccine

  Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors

• Neostigmine
• Suxamethonium
• Vecuronium
• Pyridostigmine

  Ophthalmological preparations

Anti-infective agents

• Aciclovir
• Azithromycin
• Erythromycin
• Gentamicin
• Natamycin
• Ofloxacin
• Tetracycline

  Anti-inflammatory agents

• Prednisolone

  Local anaesthetics

• Tetracaine

  Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines

Mydriatics

• Atropine
• Epinephrine

  Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) preparations

Medicines for reproductive health and perinatal care

Contraceptives

Ovulation inducers

Uterotonics

Antioxytocics (tocolytics)

Other medicines administered to the mother

Medicines administered to the neonate

• Caffeine citrate
• Chlorhexidine
• Ibuprofen
• Prostaglandin E
• *Prostaglandin E1
• *Prostaglandin E2
• Surfactant

  Peritoneal dialysis solution

• Intraperitoneal dialysis solution

  Medicines for mental and behavioural disorders

Medicines used in psychotic disorders

• Chlorpromazine
• Haloperidol

  Medicines used in mood disorders

Medicines used in depressive disorders

• Fluoxetine

  Medicines used in bipolar disorders

Medicines for anxiety disorders

Medicines used for obsessive compulsive disorders

Medicines for disorders due to psychoactive substance use

Medicines acting on the respiratory tract

Antiasthmatic medicines

• Budesonide
• Epinephrine
• Salbutamol

  Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances

Oral

• Oral rehydration salts
• Potassium chloride

  Parenteral

• Glucose
• Glucose with sodium chloride
• Potassium chloride
• Sodium chloride
• Sodium hydrogen carbonate
• Sodium lactate, compound solution

  Miscellaneous

• Water for injection

  Vitamins and minerals

• Ascorbic acid
• Cholecalciferol
• Iodine
• Multiple micronutrient powder
• Pyridoxine
• Retinol
• Riboflavin
• Sodium fluoride
• Thiamine
• Calcium gluconate

  Ear, nose and throat medicines

• Acetic acid
• Budesonide
• Ciprofloxacin
• Xylometazoline

  Medicines for diseases of joints

Medicines used to treat gout

Disease-modifying agents used in rheumatoid disorders

• Hydroxychloroquine
• Methotrexate

  Juvenile joint diseases

• Aspirin