Power Macintosh G3


The Power Macintosh G3 is a series of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from November 1997 to August 1999. It represented Apple's first step towards eliminating redundancy and complexity in the product line by replacing eight Power Macintosh models with three: Desktop and Mini Tower models for professional and home use, and an All-In-One model for education. The introduction of the Desktop and Mini Tower models coincided with Apple starting to sell build-to-order Macs directly from its web site in an online store, which was unusual for the time as Dell was the only major computer manufacturer doing this. Apple's move to build-to-order sales of the Power Macintosh G3 also coincided with the acquisition of Power Computing Corporation, which had been providing telephone sales of Macintosh clones for more than two years.
The Power Macintosh G3 is named for its third-generation PowerPC chip, and introduced a fast and large Level 2 backside CPU cache, running at half processor speed. As a result, these machines benchmarked significantly faster than Intel PCs of similar CPU clock speed at launch, which prompted Apple to create the "Snail" and "Toasted Bunnies" television commercials. Magazine benchmarks showed the G3/266 CPU outperforming the 350 MHz PowerPC 604ev chip in the Power Macintosh 9600 as well.
Two generations of the Power Macintosh G3 were released. The first generation, known colloquially as "Beige" was introduced at a special event on November 10, 1997. The second generation, known officially as "Blue and White", was introduced at MacWorld San Francisco on January 5, 1999. Its replacement, the Power Mac G4, was introduced in August of the same year.

Models

Beige

Apple sold three beige Power Macintosh G3 models: a horizontally-oriented desktop, a mini tower enclosure, and a version with a built-in screen called All-In-One. The All-In-One model was shaped like a human tooth, and thus earned the moniker Molar Mac. Equipped with a 233, 266, 300, or 333 MHz PowerPC 750 CPU from Motorola, these machines use a 66.83 MHz system bus and PC66 SDRAM, and standard ATA hard disk drives instead of the SCSI drives used in most previous Apple systems. A legacy Fast SCSI internal bus is still included with 10 MB/s speed, along with the proprietary out-of-spec DB-25 external SCSI bus which had a top speed of 5 MB/s. Each bus could support a maximum of 7 devices.
Apple also developed a prototype G3-based six-slot full tower to be designated the Power Macintosh 9700. Despite demand from high-end users for more PCI slots in a G3-powered computer, Apple decided not to develop the prototype into a shipping product, leaving the 9600 as the last six-slot Mac Apple would make for over two decades, until the 2019 Mac Pro which has eight.
Initial units were shipped with Mac OS 8. The G3 officially supports up to Mac OS X 10.2, although some devices will not work under Mac OS X, such as the floppy drive, the video features of the "Wings" personality card, and the 3D graphics acceleration functions of the onboard ATI Rage series video. Support for newer versions is possible with the use of third party software solutions such as XPostFacto. Mac OS X 10.5 can be run only if a G4 processor upgrade is installed.
The Power Macintosh G3 was originally intended to be a midrange series, between the low-end Performa/LC models and the six-PCI slot Power Macintosh 9600. It is the earliest Old World ROM Macintosh model officially able to boot into Mac OS X, and one of only two Old World ROM models able to boot into Mac OS X, the other model being the early PowerBook G3.

Desktop

The Desktop model inherited its enclosure directly from the Power Macintosh 7300. The 233 and 266 MHz desktop models shipped with 4 GB hard drives, and the 300 MHz with a 6 GB drive, all at 5400 RPM. This model, sometimes referred to as an Outrigger Macintosh due to its ease of access, was the last horizontally-oriented desktop model offered by Apple until the introduction of the Mac mini in 2005.
The Desktop model received an update in August 1998, with the 233 MHz model being discontinued. Unlike the Mini Tower model, the Desktop model was not updated with 333 MHz or 366 MHz CPUs.

Mini Tower

The 233 MHz Mini Tower model's enclosure is similar to the Power Macintosh 8600. It shipped with a 4 GB drive, the 266 MHz with a 6 GB drive, and the 300 MHz variant shipped with two 4 GB drives in a RAID configuration; all models were 5400 RPM.
As with the Desktop model, the Mini Tower received an update in August 1998, with the CPU updated to 333 MHz and 366 MHz. These models shipped with a 9.1 GB 7200 RPM SCSI drive, attached to a SCSI/PCI card, as well as 100BASE-TX Ethernet, though this was in the form of a PCI card, which occupied another PCI slot. The Macintosh Server G3/300Mhz also shipped with a PCI Ultra Wide SCSI card and the 100Base-T Ethernet PCI card. The 333 and the 366 MHz model had only 6 MiB VRAM; the 300 MHz model shipped with a 128-bit iXMicro PCI video card with 8 MiB VRAM.

Server

The Macintosh Server G3 is identical to the Mini Tower model, but was sold with additional server software and different specifications. Software included AppleShare IP 5.0, Apple Network Administrator Toolkit, and SoftRAID.
Introduced March 1998:
Introduced September 1998:
The All-In-One model was introduced in April 1998 as a replacement for the Power Macintosh 5400 and 5500. It was available in two basic configurations: a 233 MHz version with a floppy drive and a 4 GB hard drive and a 266 MHz version with a built-in Zip drive, floppy drive, and either a "Whisper" personality card or an All-In-One version of the "Wings" personality card. Half of the AIO's case was translucent, suggesting what was to come with the iMac. The shape of the G3 AIO resulted in the unit being unofficially named the "Molar" Mac, denoting its resemblance to a human tooth. The machine was also noted for its considerable 60 lb weight.
Apple targeted the direct education market exclusively with this model; the front panel of the AIO has two headphone jacks for sharing audio in classrooms. Prices started at US$1,599 for the 233 MHz model.
Mac OS 8.1 is the included operating system.

Blue and White

The Power Macintosh G3 was introduced in January 1999, replacing the Beige Mini Tower model, with which it shared the name and processor architecture but little else. It is the first Power Macintosh model to include the New World ROM, and the last with ADB port. , and models were introduced with a price range of US$1,599 – US$2,999.
Though still based on the PowerPC G3 architecture, the Blue and White was a totally new design. It was the first new Power Macintosh model after the release of the iMac, and shared the iMac's blue-and-white color scheme. Inside the enclosure, the logic board is mounted on a folding "door", which swings down onto the desk for tool-free access to all the internal components.
A new design for the keyboard and mouse were introduced that match the enclosure. The keyboard was criticized in MacWorld's review of the G3 as feeling "cheap compared with the huge Apple keyboard of old" and the removal of several keys. The Apple USB Mouse, previously included with the iMac, was also reviewed poorly, noting that "many users will find it unacceptable: because of the round design, it's impossible to tell the top of the mouse from the bottom by touch."
The Blue and White line was revised in June 1999; the model was dropped and a new model was introduced at a US$2,999 price point.
Early Blue and White units shipped with Mac OS 8.5.1, while later revisions shipped with 8.6. The latest version of Mac OS that can be run on this model is Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger.

Hardware

Beige

Logic board

The Beige G3 uses Apple's new "Gossamer" logic board. As a compact and versatile motherboard, the Gossamer board was originally designed to be able to support both the high-end PowerPC 604e and the new PowerPC G3, but when initial tests found that the cheaper G3 outperformed the 604e in many tests, this functionality was removed and Apple's 604e-based systems were discontinued.
Gossamer supports both onboard and external SCSI, ADB, 10BASE-T Ethernet, two MiniDIN-8 serial ports, and onboard ATI graphics with a slot for VRAM upgrades. An external serial port is included; this is the last Power Macintosh model to include one. Three 32-bit PCI slots and one internal modem slot are present, as well as three SDRAM slots.

ROM

Early G3s with Revision A ROMs do not support slave devices on their IDE controllers, limiting them to one device per bus. Additionally, they came with onboard ATI Rage II+ video. G3s with Revision B ROMs support slave devices on their IDE controllers, and had the onboard video upgraded to ATI Rage Pro. G3s with Revision C ROMs also support slave devices on their IDE controllers, but the most significant technical differences are the newer Open Firmware version than the previous two models and another onboard video upgrade, this time to ATI Rage Pro Turbo.
The Beige G3 was the last Power Macintosh with a 4 MB ROM. The trend of increasingly large ROMs ended after the introduction of the New World ROM in the Blue and White G3.

Personality cards

These machines had no audio circuitry on the logic board; instead, a PERCH slot was populated with a "personality card" which provided the audio circuitry. Several "personality cards" were available:
CPU: The processor module was overclockable, i.e. 333 MHz and even 366 MHz or 375 MHz with an 83.3 MHz bus. Upgrade kits were available from a number of companies, including Newer Technology, PowerLogix and XLR8, offering G3 processors in the US$1,500 – US$1,800 price range.
CPU upgrades as high as a 1.0 GHz G4 or 1.1 GHz G3 would eventually become available, although the user would not see much practical difference in performance on chips faster than 733 MHz due to the system bus limitations, which runs at 66.83 MHz unless overclocked. However, G4 chips running over 533 MHz do not allow the system bus to run faster than 66 MHz, so the bus cannot be overclocked if using one of these G4s.
PCI cards: Gossamer has three full-length PCI slots, making it capable of taking any PCI cards that have Macintosh drivers available for them. Common PCI card upgrades include FireWire cards, USB cards and FireWire/USB combo cards, 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T network adapter, video cards, ATA/EIDE, Serial ATA and Ultra SCSI cards. Television tuner and radio cards are also often chosen to supplement the AV features on a Wings personality card, or to provide A/V input for models with the Whisper personality card. The All-In-One can be modified to use a PCI video card with the internal monitor.
Personality cards: Some users have upgraded the Whisper personality card with a "Wings" Personality card, and some have upgraded the ROM to a newer version.
Hard drives: For storage, the G3 is capable of taking any ATAPI/IDE hard disks, provided that the drive's size is within the 28-bit LBA limit. This means ATA hard disks of up to 137 GB are supported. This limitation can be overcome by using an IDE or SATA PCI-compatible card to enable the use of 2 drives over the 137 GB limit.
Removable storage: The ATAPI/IDE CD-ROM drive can also be replaced with a CD-RW, DVD-ROM or DVD-RW drive, although care must be taken while purchasing the upgrade as the Mac is incompatible with some drives and may refuse to boot at all if an incompatible drive is installed. Also, many third-party optical drives cannot be used as boot devices with the G3, though they work correctly for normal use, and burning on many third party CD-RW and DVD-RW drives requires either commercial drivers or is unsupported even though reading and booting from the drive may still work. It is also capable of taking SCSI storage devices, and with the presence of the right PCI cards, SATA, USB and FireWire storage devices.
SCSI: The presence of an onboard SCSI controller and connectors permits the use of Mac-enabled SCSI scanners and storage devices, though this runs at only 5 MB/s.
Memory: Apple's spec sheets specify a maximum memory limit of, but independent testers have reported being able to use SDRAM chips, for a total of. Incompatibility has been reported with some DIMM modules in certain configurations- for example, newer single-sided PC‑133 RAM modules will not be detected correctly if they will be detected at all and if the machine can boot with them in place, and the desktop and all-in-one units required the use of low-profile RAM due to space constraints. It should be able to take 168-pin SDRAM of any speed, though it will run at PC66 speeds. The onboard video RAM can be upgraded from 2 MiB to 6 MiB with a 4 MiB SGRAM module.

Blue and White

The faster models use the new copper-based PowerPC G3 CPUs made by IBM, which use about 25% of the power of the Motorola versions clock for clock. The line ranged from 300 to 450 MHz. Despite its 100 MHz system bus and PC100 SDRAM, the 300 MHz B&W G3 performed worse than its 300 MHz Beige predecessor, because it has 512 KB L2 cache, half of the 300 MHz Beige. The logic board has four PCI slots: three 64-bit 33 MHz slots, and one 32-bit 66 MHz slot dedicated for the graphics card, an ATI Rage 128 with 16 MB SGRAM. Four 100 MHz RAM slots accept PC100 SDRAM modules, allowing the installation of up to 1 GB of RAM with the use of 256 MB DIMMs. The onboard ATA was upgraded to Ultra ATA/33, but SCSI was no longer present, having been replaced by two FireWire ports, a new standard running at 400 Mbit/s — faster in theory than even the ATA/33 hard drive controller. The serial ports were replaced with USB 1.1 ports, and the floppy disk drive was removed altogether. The ADB port remained, as did the option for an internal modem. 100BASE-TX Ethernet became standard, and audio was moved back to the logic board. A Zip Drive remained an option, and some configurations included a DVD-ROM drive and a DVD-Video decoder daughtercard for the graphics card, allowing hardware-assisted DVD video playback.
The Blue and White G3 uses a modified version of the memory/PCI controller, the Motorola MPC106 ; it used the MPC106 v4. The I/O "Heathrow" had been replaced by "Paddington", the audio chip "Screamer" had been replaced by "Burgundy", and other controllers for Firewire, for USB etc. were added.
This is also the first Power Macintosh with the "New World" architecture which contained a small boot ROM. When booting the Mac OS, the Mac OS Toolbox and any other ROM patches installed are loaded into RAM. Initially, many buyers chose to buy the older "Platinum" G3s instead, in order to maintain compatibility with existing peripherals.
Early "Revision 1" units have IDE controller problems related to the ATA/33 hard drive controller that made it impossible to connect two hard drives and prevented the use of newer drives. Using newer ATA drives in those units resulted in data transmission errors if the drives were connected to the on-board ATA/33 controller, the severity of the problem varying according to the particular make and model of the drive. Workarounds include replacing motherboards and employing the use of SCSI, Ultra ATA or SATA PCI controller cards. Stable operation can be achieved if the drive can be limited to Multi-Word DMA Mode 2, although this limits throughput to 16 MB/sec. Some hard drives support disabling UDMA in firmware through manufacturer-supplied utilities. Alternatively, the transfer mode can be limited to Multi-Word DMA Mode 2 through the use of third-party driver software such as FWB Hard Disk Toolkit.
The secondary ATA channel has also been reported to have issues with respect to flash upgrading certain DVD burners. Otherwise, it is generally held to be relatively stable.
Mac OS X attempts to avoid the UDMA issue by disabling UDMA on all affected G3 motherboards, but xlr8yourmac.com reported that reader Tim Seufert still found issues with single drives under Mac OS X. He reported that as of January 23, 2002, the fix would not be activated under Mac OS X when no slave drive was present.
The "Revision 2" units fixed the hard drive controller problem with an improved IDE controller that supported the standard IDE master/slave two-drive arrangement. This controller worked flawlessly with any drive within the 28-bit LBA constraint. Most Rev. 2 units shipped with a hard disk bracket designed for two drives and also included a slightly updated version of the Rage 128 graphics card. The easiest way to tell if the unit is a Rev.2 is by looking at the CMD chip located on the logic board. The CMD chip on Rev. 1 logic boards is PCI646U2 and on Rev. 2 logic boards is 646U2-402.
Revision 2 350, 400 and 450 MHz units use the same motherboard as the first "Yikes" version of Power Mac G4 systems at 350 and 400 MHz and processor cards for these models are interchangeable. Note that if a G3's firmware has been upgraded, it won't accept G4 CPUs until patched with a third-party replacement firmware. A Blue and White G3 that has been upgraded to a G4 is able to run Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard.

Enclosure

The blue and white G3's enclosure design was widely praised at the time for being easy to open up and work on. The entire right side of the case is a door that hinges down by pulling a recessed latch at the top. No components need to be removed or unplugged, and the computer can remain running while opened. The logic board is positioned in the door, providing access to all components. Hard drives are mounted in a bracket affixed with one screw on the floor of the case. There is room for four internal hard drives and an internal fan is positioned at the side of the case to blow cooling air over them. Removable drives are in a more conventional position at the top of the case.

Technical specifications

ComponentBlue and White
Codename"Yosemite"
Model #sM6670LL/A, M6668LL/A or M6666LL/A, M6665LL/A
M7556LL/A, M7555LL/A or M7554LL/A, M7553LL/A
Model identifierPowerMac1,1
ProcessorRev. A: 300 MHz, 350 MHz or 400 MHz PowerPC G3
Rev. B: 350 MHz, 400 MHz or 450 MHz PowerPC G3
CacheRev. A 300 MHz: 64 KB L1, 512 KB L2
Rev. A 350, 400 MHz: 64 KB L1, 1 MB L2
Rev. B: 64 KB L1, 1 MB L2
Front side bus100 MHz
Memory64 MB or 128 MB of unbuffered 100 MHz PC-100 SDRAM
Upgradable to 1 GB
Graphics CardATI Rage 128 GL with 16 MB of SDRAM graphics memory
Hard drive6 GB, 9 GB, 12 GB, 20 GB, or 27 GB Ultra ATA hard disk drive
Upgradable to 128 GB
Optical Drive24x or 32x CD-ROM, 5x DVD-ROM drive
Connectivity10/100 BASE-T Ethernet
56k modem '
Expansion1x Zip Drive bay '
3x 64bit 33 MHz PCI slots
1x 66 MHz PCI slot
Peripherals2x USB 1.1
2x Firewire 400
1x ADB
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
Original Operating SystemRev. A: Mac OS 8.5.1
Rev. B: Mac OS 8.6
Maximum Operating SystemMac OS X 10.4.11 "Tiger" and Mac OS 9.2.2
Dimensions27.8 lb, 17" H × 8.9" W × 18.4" D