Nathaniel Briggs Borden was born to Simeon Borden and Amey Borden in the part of Freetown, Massachusetts which became Fall River in 1803. His father died in 1811. His mother Amey, was one of the original incorporators of the Troy Cotton & Woolen Manufactory, the second cotton mill to be established in Fall River, in 1813, which was built on her property. Amey Borden died in 1817, leaving five children, including sixteen-year-old Nathaniel. Much of Borden's youth was spent in Tiverton, Rhode Island. He attended the district school and Plainfield Academy, but left when his mother died. Borden acquired an interest in government at a young age. In 1821, when he was just twenty years old, Borden and several associates organized the Pocasset Manufacturing Company, in Fall River, Massachusetts. He served as the company's first clerk and treasurer. Borden was married four times. His first marriage was to Sarah Gray on March 16, 1820. The couple had five children before Sarah died on May 22, 1840. Their eldest son, Simeon served as clerk of the courts of Bristol County, Massachusetts for thirty-two years. Borden's second marriage was to Sarah's sister Louisa Gray on December 10, 1840. She died on June 4, 1842. Borden's third marriage was to Sarah Gould Buffum on February 12, 1843. She was the daughter of %Arnold Buffum, and sister of Elizabeth Buffum Chace. She died on September 10, 1854 from Asiatic cholera, one day after their daughter died from the same disease. This marriage also produced a son, Nathaniel Briggs, born in 1844. Nathaniel Briggs Borden, Jr. would later follow his father's footsteps with a career business and banking, including the Valley Falls Company, run by his uncle Samuel B. Chace, and later the Barnard Mills in Fall River, which he helped organize. Borden's last marriage was to Lydia A. Slade on March 14, 1855.
Political career
He served as member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1831 and 1834 and again in 1851 and in 1864. Borden was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-fourth Congress and reelected as a Democrat to the Twenty-fifth Congress, winning both times as the candidate of a coalition that included his district's Anti-Masonic Party. He was an unsuccessful Whig candidate for reelection to the Twenty-sixth Congress in 1838. Borden was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress. He later served as member of the Massachusetts Senate from 1845 to 1848. In 1856, Borden was elected Mayor of Fall River, and reelected in 1857.
Borden died in Fall River, Massachusetts, April 10, 1865, just a few days before his sixty-fourth birthday. He was interred in Oak Grove Cemetery. In 1867, the City of Fall River dedicated the N. B. Borden School on Morgan Street in his honor. In 1876, the Academy of Music Building was dedicated in his honor by his widow Lydia, and his surviving adult children.
