Muhammad Shahidullah was a Bengali educationist, writer, philologist and linguist of East Pakistan. In 2004, Shahidullah was ranked number 16 in BBC's poll of the Greatest Bengali of all time.
Biography
Shahidullah was born in Peyara village, 24 Pargana, West Bengal to a devoutly religious family. His father, Mafizuddin Ahmed, was a warden of a shrine. Shahidullah passed his school final Entrance exam in 1904 from Howrah Zilla School. In 1906 he passed the FA exam from Presidency College in Kolkata. He received the Bachelor of Arts degree with Honors in Sanskrit in 1910 from City College, Kolkata, and Master of Arts in 1912 in comparative philology from the University of Calcutta. He earned his PhD degree from Sorbonne University in 1928 for his research on the dialects of the Charyapada. He was the first Indian Muslim to receive this doctorate degree. Shahidullah began teaching in Jessore Zila School in 1908. After working as the headmaster of Sitakunda High School for some time in 1914, he practiced law at Bashirhat in 24 Parganas. In 1915 he was elected Vice-Chairman of the town's municipality. He was Sharatchandra Lahiri Research Fellow under Dinesh Chandra Sen at the University of Calcutta and joined the University of Dhaka as a lecturer in 1921 in Sanskrit and Bangla. During his period at the University of Dhaka he did research on the origins of the Bengali language. In 1925, he presented his thesis that Bangla as a language originated from Gaudi or Magadhi Prakrit. He was principal of Bogra Azizul Huq College from 1944–1948. He then returned to the University of Dhaka, serving as head of the Bangla Department and dean of the Faculty of Arts. He taught part-time at the Law Department and the International Relations Department as a teacher of French. He worked as head of the Bangla and Sanskrit Department of the University of Rajshahi.
Noteworthy books
Sindabad Saodagarer Galpa
Bhasa O Sahitya
Bangala Byakaran
Diwan-i-Hafiz
Shikwah O Jawab-i-Shikwah
Rubaiyat-i-Omar Khaiyam
Essays on Islam
Amader Samasya
Padmavati
Bangla Sahityer Katha
Vidyapati Shatak
Bangla Adab Ki Tarikh
Bangla Sahityer Itihas
Bangala Bhasar Itibrtta
Amarkabya
Sekaler Rupkatha, 1965
Family
Shahidullah has seven sons and two daughters. Children: Mohammad Raziullah, Mohammad Safiyullah, Mohammad Waliullah, A K Mohammad Zakiyullah, Mohammad Taqiullah, Mohammad Naqiullah, Mohammad Bashirullah, Mohzuza Haque, Masrura Haque . His third son A.K.M. Zakiyullah established a school named 'Dr. Shahidullah Gyanpith' in Hazi Osman Goni Road, Alu bazaar and a research library named ’Dr. Shahidullah Memorial Library and Language Research Center’ in Senpara Parbata, Mirpur-10, Dhaka. Another of his son Dr. Abul Bayan M. Naqiyyullah studied in George Washington University in Washington DC, USA and settled in Cairo, Egypt after serving as a pathologist in Saudi Arabia. Another of Dr. Shahidullah's son, A.K.M. Bashirullah – known popularly by his alias Murtaja Baseer – is considered as one of the most stylish and foremost painters in Bangladesh.