Brian Moore (novelist)
Brian Moore, was a novelist and screenwriter from Northern Ireland who emigrated to Canada and later lived in the United States. He was acclaimed for the descriptions in his novels of life in Northern Ireland after the Second World War, in particular his explorations of the inter-communal divisions of The Troubles, and has been described as "one of the few genuine masters of the contemporary novel". He was awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize in 1975 and the inaugural Sunday Express Book of the Year award in 1987, and he was shortlisted for the Booker Prize three times. Moore also wrote screenplays and several of his books were made into films.
Early life and education
Moore was born and grew up in Belfast with eight siblings in a large Roman Catholic family. His grandfather, a severe, authoritarian solicitor, had been a Catholic convert. His father, James Bernard Moore, was a prominent surgeon and the first Catholic to sit on the senate of Queen's University and his mother, Eileen McFadden Moore, a farmer's daughter from County Donegal, was a nurse. His uncle was the prominent Irish nationalist, Eoin MacNeill, founder of Conradh na Gaeilge and Professor of Irish at University College Dublin.Moore was educated at St Malachy's College, Belfast. He left the college in 1939, having failed his senior exams. The physical description of the school at the heart of The Feast of Lupercal matches closely that of Moore's alma mater and is widely held to be a lightly fictionalised setting of the College as he unfondly remembered it.
Wartime service and move to North America
Moore was a volunteer air raid warden during the Second World War and served during the Belfast Blitz in April and May 1941. He went on to serve as a civilian with the British Army in North Africa, Italy and France. After the war ended he worked in Eastern Europe for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration.in 1948 he emigrated to Canada to worked as a reporter for the Montreal Gazette, and became a Canadian citizen. While eventually making his primary residence in California, Moore continued to live part of each year in Canada up to his death.
Moore lived in Canada from 1948 to 1958, moving to New York in 1959 to take up a Guggenheim Fellowship and remaining there until his divorce in 1967. He then moved to the west coast of the United States, settling in Malibu, California, with his new wife Jean. He taught creative writing at UCLA.
Novels and themes
Moore wrote his first novels in Canada. His earliest novels were thrillers, published under his own name or using the pseudonyms Bernard Mara or Michael Bryan. Moore's first novel outside the genre, Judith Hearne, remains among his most highly regarded. The book was rejected by ten American publishers before being accepted by a British publisher. It was made into a film, with British actress Maggie Smith playing the lonely spinster who is the book/film's title character.Other novels by Moore were adapted for the screen, including Intent to Kill, The Luck of Ginger Coffey, Catholics, Black Robe, Cold Heaven, and The Statement. He co-wrote the screenplay for Alfred Hitchcock's Torn Curtain, and wrote the screenplay for The Blood of Others, based on the novel Le Sang des autres by Simone de Beauvoir.
Moore criticised his Belfast schooling through his novels The Feast of Lupercal and The Emperor of Ice-Cream.
Some of his novels feature staunchly anti-doctrinaire and anti-clerical themes, and in particular he spoke strongly about the effect of the Church on life in Ireland. A recurring theme in his novels is the concept of the Catholic priesthood. On several occasions he explores the idea of a priest losing his faith. At the same time, several of his novels are deeply sympathetic and affirming portrayals of the struggles of faith and religious commitment, Black Robe most prominently.
Acclaim
said that Moore was his favourite living novelist, though Moore began to regard the label as "a bit of an albatross".Personal life
Moore was married twice. His first marriage, in 1952, was to Jacqueline Sirois, a French Canadian and fellow-journalist with whom he had a son, Michael, in 1953. They divorced in October 1967 and Jackie died in January 1976. Moore married his second wife, Jean Denney, a former commentator on Canadian TV, in October 1967.Moore's beachside house in Malibu, California was celebrated in Seamus Heaney's poem Remembering Malibu. Moore's widow, Jean, lived on in the house until it was destroyed in 2018 in the Woolsey Fire.
Death
Brian Moore died at his Malibu home on 11 January 1999, aged 77, from pulmonary fibrosis. He had been working on a novel about the 19th-century French symbolist poet Arthur Rimbaud. His last published work before his death was an essay entitled "Going Home". It was a reflection inspired by a visit he made to the grave in Connemara of his family friend, the Irish nationalist Bulmer Hobson. The essay was commissioned by Granta and published in The New York Times on 7 February 1999. Despite Moore's often conflicted attitude to Ireland and his Irishness, his concluding reflection in the piece was "The past is buried until, in Connemara, the sight of Bulmer Hobson's grave brings back those faces, those scenes, those sounds and smells which now live only in my memory. And in that moment I know that when I die I would like to come home at last to be buried here in this quiet place among the grazing cows."Legacy
The Creative Writers Network in Northern Ireland launched in 1996 the Brian Moore Short Story Awards, which are now open to all authors of Irish descent. Previous judges have included Glenn Patterson, Lionel Shriver, Carlo Gébler and Maeve Binchy.Moore has been the subject of two biographies, Brian Moore: The Chameleon Novelist by Denis Sampson and Brian Moore: A Biography by Patricia Craig. Brian Moore and the Meaning of the Past by Patrick Hicks provides a critical retrospective of Moore's works. Information about the publishing of Moore's novel, Judith Hearne, and the break-up of his marriage can be found in Diana Athill's memoir, Stet.
In 1975 Moore arranged for his literary materials, letters and documents to be deposited in the Special Collections Division of the University of Calgary Library, an inventory of which was published by the University of Calgary Press in 1987. Moore's archives, which include unfilmed screenplays, drafts of various novels, working notes, a 42-volume journal, and his correspondence , are now at The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, at the University of Texas at Austin.
Prizes and honours
- 1955 Beta Sigma Phi award
- 1955 Authors' Club First Novel Award
- 1959 Guggenheim Fellowship
- 1960 Governor General's Award for Fiction
- 1975 James Tait Black Memorial Prize For Fiction
- 1975 Governor General's Award for Fiction
- 1976 Nominee, Booker Prize
- 1987 Nominee, Booker Prize
- 1987 The Sunday Express Book of the Year
- 1990 Nominee, Booker Prize
- 1994 Robert Kirsch Award for Lifetime Achievement by the Los Angeles Times for his novels
Non-fiction and essays
- Canada
- "Now and Then", Threshold, no 23: The Northern Crisis, edited by John Montague. Belfast: Lyric Players Theatre. Republished as "Bloody Ulster: An Irishman's Lament" in The Atlantic, September 1970
- "Old Father, Old Artificer", in Irish University Review, 12, chapter 12.
- "" in The New York Times'', 7 February 1999
Novels
- Wreath for a Redhead
- The Executioners
- French for Murder
- A Bullet for My Lady
- Judith Hearne
- This Gun for Gloria
- Intent to Kill
- The Feast of Lupercal
- Murder in Majorca
- The Luck of Ginger Coffey
- An Answer from Limbo
- The Emperor of Ice-Cream
- I Am Mary Dunne
- Fergus
- The Revolution Script
- Catholics – first printed in New American Review, 15 pp. 11–72
- The Great Victorian Collection
- The Doctor's Wife
- The Mangan Inheritance
- The Temptation of Eileen Hughes
- Cold Heaven
- Black Robe
- The Colour of Blood
- Lies of Silence
- No Other Life
- The Statement
- The Magician's Wife''
Short story collections
- Two Stories Northridge, California: Santa Susana Press. Contains "Uncle T" and "Preliminary Pages for a Work of Revenge"
- Turnpike Books.
Short stories
- "Sassenach", Northern Review 5
- "Fly Away Finger, Fly Away Thumb", London Mystery Magazine, 17, September 1953 : reprinted in Great Irish Tales of Horror, ed. Peter Haining, Souvenir Press 1995; and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books.
- "A Vocation", Tamarack Review 1 : 18–22; reprinted in Threshold 2 : 21–25; reprinted in The Irish Genius, ed. Devin A. Garrity. New York: New American Library, pp. 125–128; reprinted for the Verbal Arts Centre project, 1998; and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books.
- "Lion of the Afternoon", The Atlantic, November 1957; reprinted in A Book of Canadian Stories, ed. Desmond Pacey Toronto: Ryerson Press, pp. 283–293 and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books
- "Next Thing was Kansas City", The Atlantic, February 1959
- "Grieve for the Dear Departed", The Atlantic, August 1959; reprinted in Pick of Today's Short Stories, no. 12, ed. John Pudney, London: , pp. 179–188 and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books
- "Uncle T", Gentleman's Quarterly, November 1960; reprinted in Two Stories, see above and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books
- "Preliminary Pages for a Work of Revenge", Midstream 7 ; reprinted in The Dolmen: Miscellany of Irish Writing, eds. John Montague and Thomas Kinsella, Dublin: Dolman, pp. 1–7; reprinted in Canadian Writings Today, ed. Mordecai Richler, Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, pp. 135–145; reprinted in Two Stories, see above and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books
- "Hearts and Flowers", The Spectator, 24 November 1961 and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books
- "Off the Track", Ten for Wednesday Night, ed. Robert Weaver. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd., 1961, pp. 159–167; reprinted in Modern Canadian Stories, eds. Giose Rimanelli and Robert Ruberto, Toronto: Ryerson Press, pp. 239–246 and reprinted in Moore, Brian. The Dear Departed: Selected Short Stories. Turnpike Books
- "The Sight", Irish Ghost Stories, ed. Joseph Hone. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1977, pp. 100–119; reprinted in Black Water, ed. Alberto Manguel, Picador 1983; reprinted in The Oxford Book of Canadian Ghost Stories, ed. Alberto Manguel, Toronto: Oxford University Press 1990
- "A Bed in America"
- "A Matter of Faith"
Playscripts
- The Closing Ritual, unperformed
- Catholics, based on his own novel – ACT Theatre, world premiere: Seattle May 1980
- The Game, unperformed
Screenplays
- Dustin is Dustin
- The Goat, film script
- The Luck of Ginger Coffey
- Torn Curtain
- The Slave, based on Moore's novel An Answer from Limbo
- Catholics
- The Closing Ritual
- The Blood of Others
- Brainwash
- The Sight, a half-hour drama based on a short story by Moore
- Il Giorno prima
- Gabrielle Chanel
- The Temptation of Eileen Hughes
- Black Robe
Other films based on Brian Moore's work
- Intent to Kill, a film with a screenplay by Jimmy Sangster, based on the novel written by Moore as Michael Bryan
- Uncle T, a half-hour drama, with a script by Gerald Wexler, based on a short story by Moore
- The Lonely Passion of Judith Hearne, a film with a screenplay by Peter Nelson based on Moore's novel
- Cold Heaven, a film with a screenplay by Allan Scott based on Moore's novel
- The Statement, a film with a screenplay by Ronald Harwood based on Moore's novel
Films about Brian Moore
- The Lonely Passion of Brian Moore a documentary featuring Moore and looking at what inspired his work
- The Man From God Knows Where, BBC Bookmark profile
Interviews
- Fulford, Robert. "Robert Fulford Interviews Brian Moore". Tamarack Review 23, pp. 5–18
- Dahlie, Hallvard. "Brian Moore: An Interview". Tamarack Review 46, pp. 7–29
- Sale, Richard. "An Interview in London with Brian Moore". Studies in the Novel 1, pp. 67–80
- Gallagher, Michael Paul. "Brian Moore Talks to Michael Paul Gallagher", Hibernia, p. 18
- Cameron, Donald. "Brian Moore". Conversations with Canadian Novelists, 2. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, pp. 64–85
- Graham, John. "Brian Moore" in Garrett, George, ed., The Writer's Voice: Conversations With Contemporary Writers. New York: William Morrow and Company, pp. 51–74
- Bray, Richard T., ed. "A Conversation with Brian Moore". Critic: A Catholic Review of Books and the Arts 35, pp. 42–48
- De Santana, Hubert. "Interview with Brian Moore". Maclean's, pp. 4–7
- Aris, Stephen. "Moore's Fistful of Dollars", The Sunday Times, pp. 37
- Sharp, Rhoderick. "Brian Moore: an author in exile winning with the luck of the Irish", Glasgow Herald, 7 May 1983, p. 7
- Crowe, Marie. "Marie Crowe Talks to Belfast Writer Brian Moore", in The Irish Press, p. 9
- Meyer, Bruce and O'Riordan, Brian. "Brian Moore: In Celebration of the Commonplace", in In Their Words: Interviews With Fourteen Canadian Novelists. Toronto: House of Anansi Press, pp. 169–83
- Carty, Ciaran. "Ciaran Carty Talks to Brian Moore", Sunday Independent, p. 14
- Adair, Tom. "The Writer as Exile", in Linen Hall Review, 2:4, pp. 4–6
- Foster, John Wilson. "Q & A with Brian Moore", in Irish Literary Supplement: A Review of Irish Books, pp. 44–45
- Haverty, Anne. "The Outsider on the Edge", in Sunday Tribune
- O'Donoghue, Andy. "Dialogue", interview with Brian Moore on RTÉ Radio 1
- Battersby, Eileen. "No Faith, No Hope, But Clarity: Eileen Battersby in Belfast With the Novelist Brian Moore", Sunday Tribune,
- Carlson, Julia., ed. "Brian Moore" in Banned in Ireland: Censorship and the Irish Writer. University of Georgia Press
- Christie, Tom. , in Los Angeles Times
- Ford, Nigel. "An Interview With Brian Moore", on Bookshelf, BBC Radio 4
- O'Donoghue, Jo. "From the Abstract Sands: Interview with Brian Moore", in Books Ireland, pp. 269–71
- Battersby, Eileen. "Perennial Outsider", a full-page interview in The Irish Times
- Rees, Jasper. "Novel way to Miss the Booker Prize", in The Independent , 'Eye' pp. 3–4
- Hicks, Patrick. "Brian Moore and Patrick Hicks", in Irish University Review Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 315–320 '
- Kilgallin, Tony. in The Irish Times, '
Books and articles about Brian Moore and his work
- Athill, Diana. Stet: a memoir, London: Granta, 2000
- Craig, Patricia. Brian Moore: A Biography, Bloomsbury Publishing,, 2002
- Cronin, John. "Ulster's Alarming Novels", Eire-Ireland IV, p. 27–34
- , 1988
- Dahlie, Hallvard. Brian Moore, Toronto: The Copp Clark Publishing Co., 1969
- Dahlie, Hallvard. Brian Moore, Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1981
- Flood, Jeanne. Brian Moore, Lewisburg, Penn.: Bucknell University Press; London: Associated University Presses, 1974
- Foster, John Wilson. "Passage Through Limbo: Brian Moore's North American Novels", Critique XIII, pp. 5–18
- Foster, John Wilson. Forces and Themes in Ulster Fiction, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1974, pp. 122–130; 151–185
- Hicks, Patrick. "History and Masculinity in Brian Moore's "The Emperor of Ice-Cream", The Canadian Journal of Irish Studies, Vol. 25, No. 1/2, pp. 400–413
- Gearon, Liam. "No other life: Death and Catholicism in the works of Brian Moore", Journal of Beliefs and Values, Vol 19, No 1, pp. 33–46, 1998
- Gearon, Liam. Landscapes of Encounter: The Portrayal of Catholicism in the Novels of Brian Moore, University of Calgary Press, 2002.
- Hicks, Patrick. "Brian Moore's The Feast of Lupercal and the Constriction of Masculinity", New Hibernia Review, Vol 5, No 3, pp. 101–113, Fómhar/Autumn 2001
- , Apr–Jul 2007
- Hicks, Patrick. "Sleight-of-Hand: Writing, History and Magic in Brian Moore's The Magician's Wife", Commonwealth Essays and Studies 27, 2, pp. 87–95.
- Hicks, Patrick. Brian Moore and the Meaning of the Past, Edwin Mellen Press Ltd.,,, 2007
- Koy, Christopher. "Representations of the Quebecois in Brian Moore's Novels", Considering Identity: Views on Canadian Literature and History Olomouc: Palacký University Press, 2015, pp. 141–156.
- McSweeney, Kerry. Four Contemporary Novelists. Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press,, 1983, pp. 55–99
- O'Donoghue, Jo. Brian Moore: A Critical Study, Montreal and Kingston: McGill University Press, 1991
- Prosky, Murray. "The Crisis of Identity in the Novels of Brian Moore", Eire-Ireland VI, pp. 106–118
- Ricks, C. "The Simple Excellence of Brian Moore". The New Statesman, 71: pp. 227–228, 1966
- Sampson, Denis. "'Home: A Moscow of the Mind': Notes on Brian Moore's Transition to North America" in Colby Quarterly, vol. 31, issue 1. pp. 46–54
- Sampson, Denis. Brian Moore: The Chameleon Novelist, Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 1998
- Schumacher, Antje. Brian Moore's Black Robe: Novel, Screenplay and Film, Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. Language: English , 2010
- Sullivan, Robert. A Matter of Faith: The Fiction of Brian Moore, London and Westport, Connecticut: Praeger,, 1996
- Whitehouse, J. C. "Grammars of Assent and Dissent in Graham Greene and Brian Moore" in Whitehouse, J. C. Catholics on Literature, Four Courts Press,, 1996, pp. 99–107