Acid maceration
Acid maceration is a technique to extract organic microfossils from a surrounding rock matrix using acid.
Hydrochloric acid or acetic acid may be used to extract phosphatic fossils, such as the small shelly fossils, from a carbonate matrix.
Hydrofluoric acid is also used in acid macerations to extract organic fossils from silicate rocks. Fossiliferous rock may be immersed directly into the acid, or a cellulose nitrate film may be applied, which adheres to the organic component and allows the rock to be dissolved around it.
