Yoshkar-Ola is the capitalcity of the Mari El Republic, Russia. Yoshkar-Ola means red city in Mari and was formerly known as Tsaryovokokshaysk before 1919, as Krasnokokshaysk between 1919 and 1927 and Charla . Yoshkar-Ola was established as a military fortress in 1584, following the Russian conquest of the Mari region. It is currently one of the centers of the Finno-Ugric people and the administrative center of the Yoshkar-Ola city district.
Demographics
Population:
History
Yoshkar-Ola was established as a military fortress in 1584, following the Russian conquest of the Mari region. During the Soviet era, especially after World War II, the city was a regional industrial and transport center and grew to its current size. The collapse of the Soviet Union removed support for state enterprises, and led to the shutdown of most manufacturing activity in the area. Much of the city's economic activity was supported by shuttle traders who would transport goods from the bustling markets of Moscow to Yoshkar-Ola's bazaars. The sharp decline in living standards led to the emigration of specialized professionals to larger cities in Russia.
Yoshkar-Ola is linked to other cities and regions in Russia by a series of train and bus routes. The local train station is currently served by a daily train to and from the capital Moscow with other short-service trains running to and from Kazan. Moscow and various other nearby towns and regions can also be reached by buses departing from the local bus station. The Yoshkar-Ola Airport is also located 9 km north of the city and handles small aircraft Moscow-bound flights since April 2012. Destinations within the city limits can be reached through a network of buses, trolleys, and route taxis, or marshrutkas.
Climate
Climate of Yoshkar-Ola is very similar to Nizhny Novgorod or Kirov. The city is situated in a temperate continental climate. The winters are long and cold with much snow, with average January temperatures from, and record low of about. On the other hand, city enjoys very warm summers, marred by only occasional, brief intervals of sultry or rainy conditions with July as the hottest month, when average high is, and the temperatures may stay around for weeks.
* There are also 30 schools for primary students aged between 7 and 18 and 52 kindergartens. Additionally, Yoshkar-Ola has many private educational centers offering different qualifications and trainings in such disciplines as foreign languages, computer science and many others.
