World Robot Olympiad
The World Robot Olympiad is a global robotics competition for young people. The World Robot Olympiad competition uses Lego Mindstorms manufactured by LEGO Education. First held in 2004 in Singapore, it now attracts more than 26,000 teams from more than 65 countries.
The competition consists of 4 different categories, Regular, College, Open and Soccer and for the Regular and Open categories, it consists of three different age groups: Elementary, Junior High and Senior High. Participants below the age of 13 are considered as Elementary, participants from ages 13 until 16 years old are considered Junior High and participants between 17–19 are considered Senior High. Participants can also compete outside their age group, but they must be younger than the specified age range and must partner up with someone in that age range. For example, a 12-year-old participant can join the Junior High sub-category only if teamed up with someone between 14 and 16.
History
WRO was formally established in 2003, with the first international WRO final being organized in 2004. Organizations from China, Japan, Singapore and Korea are considered the founding countries. In 2004 teams from China, Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Singapore and Thailand took part in the first international final, held in Singapore.In 2003 the four founding countries established the international WRO Committee, which decided to establish a new and permanent robotics organisation, based on the idea that students from all over the world should have the opportunity to meet with other students to fulfil the new mission statement:
"To bring together young people all over the world to develop their creativity, design & problem solving skills through challenging & educational robot competitions and activities"
The WRO Committee decided on the new name World Robot Olympiad, and new WRO logos were developed.
Finally the WRO Statutes and a set of General Rules were worked out to ensure a sound and safe future for WRO. One of the major decisions, which appears in the Statutes, was that the international WRO event should be hosted by a new country each year and the WRO Committee should elect a chairman.
In 2017, the host country of WRO was Costa Rica. This was the first time the competition was held outside the Asia Region and the first time it came to the Americas.
WRO Categories
At WRO, challenging competitions are offered for everyone in the age from 6 – 25. WRO have four competition categories, with their own characteristics and challenges:- Regular Category
- Open Category
- WRO Football
- Advanced Robotics Challenge
Overview of all WRO Categories
Regular Category
Teams must create a robot which can complete a specified mission determined by the organiser and usually based on the Open Category theme. Before the competition begins, the robot must be fully dismantled: for example, the batteries must be taken out of the brick or the tyres must be taken out from the wheels. It must be built in a specified time before the first qualification round begins. If a team finishes building their robot before the 150 minutes finish, the team can practice on the competition fields. Each robot is restricted to be before the round begins, and may consist of only LEGO certified parts, with specified motors and sensors depending on each competition. It must finish the mission autonomously, within a maximum time of two minutes. Teams are judged on their scores. If two teams' scores are equal, they are judged by their time to the nearest millisecond.Regular Category characteristics
- Three age groups: Elementary, Junior and Senior
- Hardware: The controller, motors and sensors used to assemble robots must be from LEGO® MINDSTORMS® sets. The HiTechnic Color Sensor is the only third-party element that can be added to this configuration. Only LEGO branded elements may be used to construct the remaining parts of the robot.
- Software: The use of programming software depends on the age group:
- * For Elementary and Junior age group only LEGO® RoboLab, NXT and EV3 software are allowed.
- * For Senior age group, any software and any firmware can be run on NXT / EV3 controllers.
- Maximum robot size: 25 cm x 25 cm x 25 cm.
- Surprise Rule: A surprise rule will be announced when the competition starts, to test the team’s ability to adapt their hardware or programming.
- Assembly: The teams bring their robot completely disassembled. In the first part of the competition they will have 150 minutes to assemble their robots from loose parts without instructions.
- Team: A team consists of 1 coach and 2 or 3 team members.
Open Category
Open Category characteristics
- Three age groups: Elementary, Junior and Senior
- Hardware: The robot model must be controlled by a LEGO® MINDSTORMS® NXT or EV3 brick, but there no further restriction on the balance between LEGO® and other elements.
- Software: Free choice of programming language / software.
- Maximum size: Teams present the idea in a 2m x 2m x 2m booth on the competition day.
- Team: A team consists of 1 coach and 2 or 3 team members.
WRO Football
WRO Football characteristics
- One age group: 10–19 years old.
- Hardware: Teams need two robots to participate in WRO Football. The controller, motors and sensors used to assemble robots must be from LEGO® MINDSTORMS® sets. Only LEGO branded elements may be used to construct the remaining parts of the robot. In addition, teams will need the HiTechnic infrared ball and can use the HiTechnic infrared and compass sensors.
- Software: Only LEGO® RoboLab, NXT and EV3 software are allowed.
- Maximum robot size: Each robot must fit inside an upright 22 cm diameter and 22 cm high cylinder and must not weigh more than 1 kg.
- Assembly: The teams bring their robot completely disassembled. In the first part of the competition they will have 120 minutes to assemble their robots from loose parts without instructions.
- Team: A team consists of 1 coach and 2 or 3 team members.
Advanced Robot Challenge (University/College)
The Advanced Robotics Challenge is the newest category. The games are designed to test older and more experienced student's engineering and programming skills to the limit.Teams compete on a set challenge. Robots may be pre-built and may use certain TETRIX and MATRIX elements. Teams may use either one MyRIO or KNR controller, or two EV3/NXT controllers; there are no restrictions on choice and number of sensors, motors and servos. The size of the robot before it begins must be within. The maximum time differs depending on each competition.
In 2015 and 2016 it ran a Bowling game and in the 2017 season it was introduced the Tetrastack challenge.
Advanced Robotics Challenge characteristics
- One age group: 17–25 years old.
- Hardware: Robots must be built using MATRIX and TETRIX® building systems only. There are no restrictions about the use and brand of sensors, batteries or electrical motors and servos.
- Controllers: Only National Instruments™ myRIO or KNR. Note: 2017 is the last year that LEGO® EV3 controllers can be used.
- Software: Control software must be written in LabVIEW from National Instruments™ or any text-based language like C, C++, C#, RobotC, Java or Python.
- Maximum robot size: 45 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm.
- Team: A team consists of 1 coach and 2 or 3 team members.
Changes to the Gameplay
There are also a few changes to the number of categories. The earlier versions of this competition, before 2006, consists of only Regular and Open and that further sub-divides to only two age groups, Primary and High School.
Age Group Definitions
Compete with peers
WRO have the ambition of being relevant to students of different ages. That is why it is offer competitions on platforms that provide fun and challenging experiences.It is also why it have decided two of the categories into three age groups. In the Regular Category, each age group has a different mission. In the Open Category, the challenge is the same for all participants, but they are judged within their age group.
Please note:
The mentioned ages reflect the age of the participant in the year of the competition, not at the competition day. For participation in the international WRO final it is strictly enforced that students cannot, at any time in the year of the competition, be older than specified in the age group definitions. Example: A participant that is still 12 years old at the time of the international WRO final in November, but turns 13 years old in December the same year cannot participate in Elementary Category.
Age groups Regular Category
Age groups Open Category
Age group WRO Football
Age group Advanced Robotics Challenge (ARC)
Table of Eligibility (TOE)
Qualification for the international final
Only teams that participated in a national competition in the warudo one of our member countries can qualify for the international final. The WRO Table of Eligibility defines how many teams a WRO National Organizer can register for the international final.- The number of teams a National Organizer may send to the international final depends on the number of teams in the national competition.
- Each competition category has its own TOE.
- A country has to have minimum 5 teams in a competition category to register teams for the international WRO final for that category.
- A team may participate in only one competition; Regular Category, Open Category, WRO Football or Advanced Robotics Challenge.
- Any student may participate in one team only.
- The numbers in the tables are maximum per age group and category and cannot be transferred from one age group or category to another. National Organizers may register fewer teams than allowed, but never more.
- In Regular category, if a country does not compete in a certain age group, it is not allowed to swap teams around.
Qualification Regular Category
Qualification Open Category
Qualification Football Category
Qualification ARC
Hosts
Year | Host city | Host venue | Competition Theme | National Organiser | Description of Regular Category challenges | Notes |
2004 | Singapore | Downtown East Pasir Ris | Robots in Sports | Science Centre | ||
2005 | Bangkok, Thailand | Bangkok Science Center | Sensitive robots | Gammaco | ||
2006 | Nanning, China | Humanoid | Semia | |||
2007 | Taipei, Taiwan | National Taiwan University | Robot for Rescue | |||
2008 | Yokohama, Japan | Pacifico Yokohama | Saving the Global Environment | |||
2009 | Pohang, South Korea | Postech | Artistic Robots | For the elementary category, the robot has to shoot a ping-pong ball into an allocated cup. For the Junior High category, the robot must collect 100 ping-pong balls and bring it back to the base. For Senior High, the robot place coloured balls into a compartment depending on its colour. | ||
2010 | Manila, Philippines | SMX Convention Center | Robots promote tourism | Felta Multimedia | ||
2011 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre | Robots for life improvement | Abu Dhabi Education Council ADEC | For elementary, the robot has to solve a labyrinth while taking three ping-pong balls along the way. For Junior High, the robot has to climb a flight of stairs while trying carrying an egg. For Senior High, the robot has to place lego blocks into a certain area depending its size and colour. | |
2012 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Sunway Pyramid Convention Center | Robot Connecting People | Sasbadi Sdn Bhd | In the elementary category, the robot has to disposed a number of ping-pong balls depending on the colour of a square cell that it is on. In the junior High category, the robot has to move a series of cylinder over hurdles before sorting them out based on their colours. In Senior high, robots have to pick up a hollow brick and slot in on a coloured pole of the same colour. | |
2013 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Ecovention Hall | World Heritage | Mikroskil/Mikrobot | For Elementary, the robot has to sort out batik cubes by colour in a pattern. For Junior high, robots have to restore Borobudur by removing the stupas from 4 different relic statues and determine which one is broken which it has to bring to the finishing area. For Senior High, the robot has to pick up eggs of a Komodo Dragon and leave the other eggs alone. | |
2014 | Sochi, Russia | Sochi Main Media Centre | Robots And Space | Association of Children's Goods Industry Enterprises | For Elementary, robots have to build a rocket with the colours of the Russian Flag. For Junior High, the robot has to pick up space debris and failed satellites and leave the working satellites. For Senior High, the robot must activate solar panels and replace the solar panels which are not working. | |
2015 | Doha, Qatar | Al Shaqab | Robot Explorers | For elementary, robots must push nine cubes and dispose a number of ping-pong balls depending on the cubes' colour. For Junior High, the robot must first scan a colour key to determine a location of an artefact before it leading to one other artefact. There are five artefacts in total but there are some artefacts which the robot can't pick up. For senior high, the robots must place a block on top of a mountain depending on the mountain and the block's colour. | ||
2016 | New Delhi, India | Rap the Scrap | India STEM Foundation | WRO India 2016 will engage students to Rap about waste – an important social issue. Students are expected to come up with innovative solutions using robotics technology to Rap the Scrap i.e. to reduce, manage and recycle waste! | ||
2017 | San José, Costa Rica | Sustainabots: Robots for sustainability | Aprender Haciendo S.A | Sustainabots are designed to care for the planet, the people and themselves. A Sustainabot is developed to change our world without affecting it, integrating the 3 pillars of Sustainability: Environmental, Social and Economical.The main themes are Sustainable Tourisms, Carbon Neutrality and Renewable and Clean Energy. The creation of sustainable robots can help us to have sustainable regions all around the world. They can help reach the Sustainable Development Goals. | ||
2018 | Chiang Mai, Thailand | Food Matters | Thailand will be the first country to host WRO twice. | |||
2019 | Győr, Hungary | Smart Cities | ||||
2020 | Quebec, Canada | Climate Squad | The event is cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak. The first time a WRO event has been cancelled. | |||
2021 | Dortmund, Germany |
Countries participating
Previous host countries are italicised while future host countries are bolded. Countries which are both previous and future hosts will have an asterisks.Country | First joined | Organiser | Notes |
Armenia | 2014 | Ayb Educational Foundation | |
Australia | 2011 | RoboCup Junior Australia | |
Bahrain | 2011 | AMA International School | |
Belarus | 2014 | School of Robotics | |
Bolivia | 2009 | Centro de Tecnologia Aplicada | |
Brazil | 2014 | AMEducação | |
Brunei | 2012 | STEP Centre, Ministry of Education | |
Canada | 2014 | Robotique Zone 01 Robotics | |
Chile | 2019 | Fundacion Redes Creativas | |
China | 2004 | Semia | |
Taiwan / Chinese Taipei | 2004 | ESUN Robot Association in Taiwan | Both Chinese Taipei and Taiwan are used in this Olympiad although the name Chinese Taipei is officially used by the WRO committee. Both Chinese Taipei and Taiwanese flags are used during the competition but the Chinese Taipei flag is officially used. |
Costa Rica | 2009 | Aprender Haciendo Costa Rica S.A. | |
Denmark | 2006 | Dept. of Computer Science at Aarhus University / DITEK | Was previously organised by FIRST Scandinavia along with Sweden and Norway |
Egypt | 2007 | Searag | |
Germany | 2009 | Technik Begeistert e.V. | |
Ghana | 2012 | Ghana Robotics Academy Foundation | |
Greece | 2009 | Knowledge Research SA | |
Hungary | 2015 | Edutus College | |
Honduras | 2017 | ||
Hong Kong | 2004 | Semia | Organised by the Organiser of China as Hong Kong is part of China |
India | 2004 | ||
Indonesia | 2004 | Mikroskil/Mikrobot | |
Iran | 2006 | Global Brand Toys | |
Japan | 2004 | Afrel | |
Kazakhstan | 2014 | AEO "Nazarbayev Intellectual Schools" in partnership with Ministry of Education and Science | |
Kuwait | 2011 | MILSET Regional office for Asia | |
Lebanon | 2009 | Raymond Education | |
Malaysia | 2004 | ||
Mexico | 2012 | Fundación Care and Share for Education, A.C. / Edacom | www.wro.org.mx |
Mongolia | 2011 | MIND STORM | |
Nepal | 2018 | STEM Foundation Nepal | www.stemnepal.org |
Netherlands | 2018 | Stichting WRO Nederland | www.wro-nederland.nl |
Nicaragua | 2017 | ||
Nigeria | 2011 | ARC Lights Limited | |
Norway | 2006 | FIRST Scandinavia | Despite having an organiser, Norway sent no teams to compete. |
Oman | 2010 | Edutech Middle East | |
Palestine | 2015 | ||
Panama | 2015 | - | |
Peru | 2009 | IEP W. von Braun SRL | |
Philippines | 2004 | Felta Multimedia | |
Qatar | 2007 | College of the North Atlantic | |
Romania | 2013 | Knowledge Research | |
Russia | 2004 | Innopolis University | |
Saudi Arabia | 2008 | Royal Commission Robot Club | |
South Africa | 2009 | Hands on Technologies | |
South Korea | 2004 | Advanced Learning Co. Ltd | |
Singapore | 2004 | Science Centre Singapore | Hosted the first Olympiad |
Spain | 2013 | Fundació educaBOT | |
Sri Lanka | 2004 | See below. | |
Sweden | 2007 | FIRST Scandinavia | Stopped competing by 2009 |
Switzerland | 2013 | IngCH – Engineers Shape Our Future | |
Syria | 2011 | Syrian Computer Society SCS | |
Thailand* | 2004 | Gammaco | Thailand will be the first country to host the Olympiad twice. |
Tunisia | 2014 | IEEE Tunisia section | |
Turkey | 2015 | Bilim Kahramanları Derneği | |
Ukraine | 2009 | Prolego | |
United Arab Emirates | 2006 | Abu Dhabi Education Council | |
United States of America | 2014 | Lawrence Technological University | |
Vietnam | 2013 |
Winners
2018
Regular Category
Open Category
Football Category
Advanced Robotics Challenge (ARC) Category
Previous Years
Sponsors
- Lego Education
- Juniper Networks