Wheeler Shale
The Wheeler Shale is a Cambrian fossil locality world-famous
for prolific agnostid and Elrathia kingii trilobite remains
and represents a Konzentrat-Lagerstätten. Varied soft bodied organisms are locally preserved, a fauna and preservation style normally associated with the more famous Burgess Shale. As such, the Wheeler Shale also represents a Konservat-Lagerstätten.
Together with the Marjum Formation and lower Weeks Formation, the Wheeler Shale forms of limestone and shale exposed in one of the thickest, most fossiliferous and best exposed sequences of Middle Cambrian rocks in North America.
At the type locality of Wheeler Amphitheater, House Range, Millard County, western Utah, the Wheeler Shale consists of a heterogeneous succession of highly calcareous shale, shaley limestone, mudstone and thin, flaggy limestone. The Wheeler Formation extends into the Drum Mountains, northwest of the House Range where similar fossils and preservation are found.
Taphonomy and sedimentology
Detailed work recognises a number of ~10 m thick lagerstätten sequences in the formation, each of which formed at a sea-level high stand in deep water. The lagerstätte were deposited by turbidities and mudslides onto an oxygenated sea floor.The productive layers comprise mud and clay particles, with a tiny fraction of wind-blown quartz.
Stratigraphy
The Wheeler Shale spans the Ptychagnostus atavus and uppermost-Middle Cambrian Bolaspidella trilobite zones .Fauna
Incomplete list of the fauna of the Wheeler Shale:[Protista]
- Margaretia dorus - algae? or possibly alcyonarian coral
- Marpolia spissa - cyanobacteria or green algae
- Morania fragmenta - cyanobacteria
[Arthropoda]
- Branchiocaris pretiosa - crustacean
- Branchiocaris sp.
- Cambropodus gracilis - uniramian
- Canadaspis perfecta - crustacean or euarthropod
- Dicerocaris opisthoeces
- Emeraldella brocki - chelicerate?
- Isoxys - crustaceomorph?
- Pahvantia hastata - local genus named after the Pahvant
- Perspicaris dilatus
- Proboscicaris agnosta
- Pseudoarctolepis sharpie - phyllocarida
- Tuzoia? peterseni - thylacocephalan
- Waptia fieldensis - crustaceomorph
[Arachnomorpha]
- Alalcomenaeus cambrius - megacheiran; or alalcomenaeid
- Dicranocaris guntherorum - megacheiran; or alalcomenaeid
- unnamed 'Molli Sonia symmetrica'
- Leanchoilia superlata - megacheiran
- Sidneyia inexpectans - merostomoid
[Trilobita]
- Naraoia compacta - naraoiid nectaspid
- Hypagnostus parvifrons - agnostid
- Peronopsis amplaxis - peronopsid agnostid
- Peronopsis bidens
- Peronopsis fallax
- Peronopsis gaspensis
- Peronopsis intermedius
- Peronopsis interstrictus
- Peronopsis montis
- Peronopsis segmentis
- Ptychagnostus atavus - ptychagnostid agnostid
- Ptychagnostus germanus
- Ptychagnostus gibbus
- Ptychagnostus intermedius
- Ptychagnostus michaeli
- Ptychagnostus occultatus
- Ptychagnostus seminula
- Glyphaspis concavus - asaphid
- Bathyuriscus fimbriatus - dolichometopid corynexochid
- Bathyuriscus sp.
- Kootenia sp. - dorypygid corynexochid, perhaps a synonym of Olenoides
- Olenoides expansus - dorypygid corynexochid
- Olenoides nevadensis
- Olenoides serratus
- Tonkinella breviceps
- Zacanthoides divergens - zacanthoidid corynexochid
- Zacanthoides sp.
- Altiocculus harrisi - ptychopariid
- Alokistocare harrisi - alokistocarid ptychopariid
- Asaphiscus wheeleri - ptychopariid; second-most common species in the formation
- Bathyocos housensis - ptychopariid
- Bolaspidella drumensis
- Bolaspidella housensis
- Bolaspidella sp.
- Bolaspidella wellsvillensis
- Brachyaspidion microps
- Brachyaspidion sulcatum
- Cedaria minor - known from the Warrior Formation
- Elrathia kingii - alokistocarid ptychopariid
- Elrathia sp.
- Elrathina wheeleri = Ptychoparella wheeleri? - ptychopariid
- Jenkinsonia varga
- Modocia brevispina
- Modocia laevinucha
- Modocia typicalis
- Ptychoparella sp. - ptychopariid
- Ptychoparella wheeleri
- Spencella sp. - ptychopariid
[Brachiopoda]
- Acrothele subsidua
[Chordata]
- Hertzina sp. - conodont
[Cnidaria]
- Cambromedusa sp. - jellyfish
[Mollusca]
- Pelagiella sp. - pelagiellid helcionelloid
[Echinodermata]
- Castericystis sprinklei - carpoid
- Castericystis sp.
- Cothurnocystis sp. - stylophoran
- Ctenocystis sp. - ctenocystoid
- Gogia spiralis - eocrinoid
- Eocrinoid holdfasts believed to belong to Gogia spiralis; may belong to other species
[Porifera]
- Choia carteri - choiid monaxonid demosponge
- Choia utahensis
- Crumillospongia sp. - hazeliid monaxonid demosponge
- Diagonella sp.
[Priapulida]
- Ottoia prolifica - a stem group and it was an archaeopriapulid
- Selkirkia sp. - archaeopriapulid
- "Selkirkia willoughbyi"
Unclassified
- Aysheaia prolata - xenusiid lobopod or onychophoran
- Hallucigenia sparsa - ?xenusiid lobopod or onychophoran
- Chancelloria pentacta - chancelloriid coeloscleritophoran, perhaps a sponge?
- Anomalocaris sp. - anomalocaridid, perhaps a stem-group of the arthropods
- Eldonia sp. - eldoniid paropsonemid cambroernid
- Skeemella clavula - Possible vetulicolian
- Hylolithellus sp. - annelid?
- Wiwaxia corrugata - halwaxiid? lophotrochozoan
- Yuknessia simplex - pterobranch