Bhuiyan was active in student politics at Chittagong University. He was the convener, which was equivalent to the post of president, of the Chittagong University unit of Jatiyatabadi Chhatra Dal, the student wing of BNP, from 1987 to 1989. Concurrently, he served as the president of Ramgarh unit of the student organization from 1980 to 1990.
Public office
In 1989, he was elected as the counselor of the Khagrachari Hill District Council with a majority of few thousands votes. He later resigned, along with another counselor, from the post, protesting the then-chairman Samiran Dewan's alleged corruption. In the 6th Jatiyo Sangshad election of 1996, he was nominated and elected as the candidate of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party from Khagrachari constituency. In 9th Jatiyo Sangshad election of 2001, he was again nominated as the candidate of the BNP and elected by a significant margin. He had also participated in the 5th and 7th parliamentary elections as the sole candidate of BNP, only to have been defeated by comparatively close margins. In 2001, he was appointed as a member of the parliamentary standing committee on Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs, with BNP chairperson and Prime MinisterKhaleda Zia heading the committee. In 2002, he was appointed as the first non-ethnic civilian chairman of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Development Board, a government agency established in 1978 by Ziaur Rahman, the founder of Bangladesh Nationalist Party and then-President of Bangladesh. In the 10th parliamentary election, he couldn't participate due to his imprisonment during military influenced then-caretaker government's period for misappropriating public funds. In the last parliamentary election held in 2018, his candidacy was revoked by the High Court as well.
Political activism
He is known as the leader of the people with Bengali lineage living in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. He was also known for his vocal position to the militant activities of Shanti Bahini, the rebellious military wing of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti that operated until the Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord was signed between the Bangladesh government and the PCJSS in 1997. Bhuiyan was the architect behind the foundation of Parbatya Chattagram Sama-Odhikar Andolon, an organization which demanded an equal share for Bengali in any dispensation intended for ethnic people.
Arrests
He was also arrested during the caretaker government's period in 2007. A special court in Chittagong sentenced him to 20 years in jail. However, this conviction order, along with seven orders, was later stayed by the High Court, and he was granted bail.
