WGBB
WGBB is a radio station licensed to Freeport, New York and serving Nassau County, New York. It is Long Island's oldest radio station, founded in 1924. It broadcasts the Mandarin-language "Chinese Radio Network" and various English language religious and ethnic brokered programming. The studio is located in Merrick, New York and its transmitter is located in Freeport, former location of the studio.
History
The Carman years (1924–1954)
WGBB was born December 1924 as a 150-watt share-time outlet. The call letters were twisted into the slogan “Where Good Broadcasting Begins,” but in actuality were sequentially assigned by the Commerce Department from an alphabetical list. Harry H. Carman, ham station operator 2EL, was creator and owner until his death in 1954. Carman was seriously hurt in an auto mishap just before Christmas 1953 and perished the following July.Initially WGBB transmitted on several frequencies:
- 1924: 1230 kHz
- 1927: 1220 kHz sharing with WAAT, Jersey City, New Jersey; and WSOM, New York City
- and by November 1928: 1210 kHz and now sharing with several suburban stations including WBRB, Long Branch, New Jersey; WFAS, White Plains, New York; and WGNY, Newburgh, New York.
In 1931 “The Voice of the Sunrise Trail” was moved from the Carman Bedell Street Freeport home to the Freeport Post Office Building at 64 S. Grove Street; the post office was in the process of relocating to its current building on Merrick Road. In 1937 the studios were relocated to 44 S. Grove Street. The transmitter remained at 217 Bedell Street; situated in Carman’s garage. In 1947 WGBB’s long-wire antenna, strung between utility poles in Carman’s backyard was replaced by a gleaming self-supporting 285-foot vertical antenna. This improvement probably was in response to WHNY, a new FM sister station to WHLI in nearby Hempstead, WGBB’s first local competitor. Carman’s original tower was replaced with the current structure in the early 1980s.
Post-Carman
After Carman’s death, WGBB’s long-time sales manager Murray Evans took the wheel until the station was sold for $95,000 to a group of Long Island businessmen. “Long Island’s First Station, Inc.” named John Whitmore station manager and he rapidly restructured programming into an up-to-date presentation playing current music. Despite the makeover WGBB fell into receivership.On August 6, 1956 Edward J. Fitzgerald, owner of WGSM in Huntington, New York took control. The sale approved by the Federal Communications Commission and a bankruptcy court judge; the price was assumption of WGBB’s debt. And the FCC waived its duopoly rule which prohibited ownership of overlapping signals saying this is a way to be sure creditors would be paid. Fitzgerald guided the station’s music policy back to standards away from current hits and especially doo-wop which was being played on the popular Night Train evening music show hosted by Lee Donahue and then Alan Fredericks. Soon after taking over Fitzgerald invested in a Collins 300G transmitter boosting WGBB’s power to 250 watts. In 1956 WGBB was the only remaining 100-watt station in the New York area and one of a just handful in the entire country. It was said that Carman had asked the FCC not to grant a power increase because of the substantial investment. It was also rumored that Carman rejected an FCC proposal to outfit WGBB with a new frequency and a power increase to 50,000 watts to fill the need for another major coastal signal. Staffers, disheartened by these unusual choices, knew that Carman and program director Ada Cheesman did not have the competence or assets to accomplish such a transformation.
Under Fitzgerald’s direction WGBB began to attract big-league national sponsors because sale of commercial announcements on WGBB/WGSM were made in combination, accounting for a revenue surge. Fitzgerald connected his stations with broadcast telephone lines establishing “The Long Island Network,” which offered hourly news, sports, a fishing report, weekend public affairs programs, even a few music shows. The news originated at WGBB which had ample space for a newsroom. In 1962, under the direction of chief engineer Richard Carlsen, WGBB set up an RCA BTA 1 MX transmitter increasing day-time power to 1,000 watts but remaining 250 watts at night. The power increase was possible because of Freeport’s Kahn Laboratories and their groundbreaking signal tweaking identified on the air as “experimental station KE2XXS.” A Kahn black-box cut the WGBB bandwidth in half and sent out a compatible single sideband signal. This venture proved that adjacent local stations could operate with more power and not cause interference to each other clearing the way for WGBB’s 1,000-watt daytime signal.
Some announcers, personalities, and news reporters from the fifties and sixties with their future destinations: Nick Charles, Mike Sands, Edward Brown, Bob Beneke, Bill Jaker, Bill O’Toole, Cal Miller, Clem Cooper, Tony James, John Bohannon, Don Crane, Jim Powers, Lee Carle, Roy Whitfield, Jon Ester, Phil Allen, Robert Scott, Ray Adell, Bruce Herbert, Joe Roberts, Hank Howard, Norma Jenkins, Dick London, Al D'Amico, Steve Marko, Peter Strauss, Andy Rage, Burt Stalper, Ben Thumb, Chet Adams, John Allen, Bob Logan, Ken Lamb, Phil Doran, John Frogge, Bill Goddard, Christopher Glenn, John Mead, John Anthony Zee, Jim McKay, Andy Anderson, Harry Hart, and Andy Benedict. Zee was on the air November 22, 1963 and reported the assassination of President John F. Kennedy and made the announcement that Kennedy was dead. Zee went to Hollywood and an acting career appearing in many movies and network TV shows.
On May 12, 1965 WGBB was sold for $452,000 to Susquehanna, a group broadcaster based in York, Pennsylvania. Susquehanna built new studios in a building just a few steps from the Merrick Long Island Railroad station ending twenty-eight years at the 44 S. Grove Street loft. A World War Two vintage Gates mixing board from the main control room was salvaged and continued service in the new WGBB production studio. WGBB morphed into a pop music outlet with a strong local news presence enjoying what many have said were its best years. Names from the Susquehanna era include: William Musser, Bob Lawrence, Dave Vieser, Jim Quinn, Roy Reynolds, Mike McKay, John Gardener, Gary McFarlane, John Commins, "Bullet" Bob Ottone, Gil David, Joe Dougherty, Don Rosen, Charlie Day, Al Case, Jerry Scott, Roy Frank, Jerry Walker, Ed Grilli, Gary Lewi, Bob Dunn, Ben Avery, Bill Whitney, Frank Settipani, Dr. Bettina Gregory, Carol Silva, Drew Scott, Larry Kofsky, Ed Zidner, Bill Stoller, Howard Liberman, Mitch Lebe, Wes Richards, Mike Sullivan, and Bob Allen.
On July 22, 1981 Susquehanna sold WGBB to a group headed by Franz Allina for close to $1 million. The new operators had taken control by mid-September. Charlie Day had departed for WCBS-FM NYC just prior to this sale, and Program Director Gil David had taken over morning duties, followed by 'Gary T' middays and Bob Dayton pm drive time. 7-midnight was hosted by Glenn Turnbull with Dick Farrell on overnights. Weekends were covered by the weekday staff except the Saturday - Sunday 6pm - Midnight shift which was hosted by Joseph M. 'Joe' Calisi. Juliet Papa and were in the newsroom. Papa went on to WINS and Wetzel to WCBS-FM, where she anchored AM news reports for 17 years.
On November 19, 1986 Noble Broadcast Group acquired WGBB joining it with WBAB-FM a Babylon, NY based AOR outlet. WGBB would soon move to the new West Babylon WBAB studios on Sunrise Highway. On January 22, 1988 the sixty-four-year-old WGBB call letters were retired and 1240 took the identity of its FM sister station becoming WBAB and began simulcasting WBAB-FM most of the time. Also in 1988 night-time power was increased to 1,000 watts from 250 watts as was the case for all class IV local channel stations in the U.S. on 1240 and other local frequencies including 1230, 1340, 1400, 1450, and 1490. When the simulcast with WBAB-FM ended 1240 began airing a news-talk format and on April 15, 1991 returned to the original WGBB call letters.
WGBB and WBAB were purchased by Liberty Broadcasting on February 15, 1993 for $16 million. The deal did not separate WGBB’s value. Liberty later added WBLI in Patchogue, New York and WHFM in Southampton, New York to its Long Island station cluster. WBLI would keep its Top 40 format, while WHFM became a simulcast of WBAB.
On July 1, 1996 Robert F. X. Sillerman's SFX Broadcasting Inc. announced it had acquired Liberty Broadcasting. As part of the deal SFX and Chancellor Broadcasting also agreed to exchange SFX's four Long Island stations in New York, gained in the Liberty acquisition, for two of Chancellor's Jacksonville, Fla., stations and $11 million. On October 7, 1996 WGBB and WBAB-FM began an LMA with Chancellor Broadcasting, a simulcast with WALK AM 1370 was begun under the name "Sunrise Radio Network". On September 4, 1997 Chancellor changed its name to Chancellor Media Corp. The deal with Chancellor Media to purchase WGBB & WBAB-FM fell through in early 1998 after the Justice Department filed an antitrust suit to block Chancellor's purchase, and the simulcast ended. At that time WGBB began running the audio portion of CNN Headline News during the times no local talk shows were scheduled.
On May 22, 1998 Cox Broadcasting, a large national chain, purchased WGBB, WBAB-FM, WBLI and WHFM. Cox’s main interest was in the FM stations and a few months later, in October 1998, dealt WGBB to a splinter group of Multicultural Broadcasting for a breathtaking $1.7 million. After the sale of WGBB to Multicultural, WGBB moved from a bright, modern facility to a dingy, cramped studio at 1850 Lansdowne Ave across Sunrise Highway from the Merrick Long Island Railroad station in sight of a former studio/office location. Meanwhile, WBLI moved from their studios in Medford, New York into the studios that WGBB had just vacated. A few years later another move, this time to the old WBAB Building at 404 Route 109 near Sunrise Highway in Babylon, NY which was home to WNYG another Multicultural outlet. 1440 WNYG was sold a few years later and relocated to Medford which left WGBB alone in the old WBAB facility. Under the new ownership, WGBB began broadcasting in Chinese by simulcasting the Chinese Radio Network. Weekend airtime is brokered to outside producers.