Vladimir Gelfreykh
Vladimir Gel'freykh was a Russian and Soviet architect, teacher, professor.
Academician of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences. Hero of Socialist Labour. Twice winner of the USSR State Prize of the first degree.
Life
V. Gel'freykh was born on March 12, 1885, in St. Petersburg in the family of a civil servant. He graduated from the real school, and studied in private drawing school for two years. In 1906 he entered the Architectural Department of the Imperial Academy of Arts, which he graduated with honours in 1914, having completed the thesis project of the building of the State Council under the supervision of Professor Leon Benois. Even while studying at the Academy, he started to work in the studio of Academician Vladimir Shchuko, who had a significant influence on the further creative path of Gel'freykh.Beginning in 1918, Gel'freykh was the permanent co-author of Vladimir Shchuko; their cooperation continued until the death of Shchuko in 1939. The first cooperation work of architects after the October Revolution was the design and construction in 1922—1923 of the pavilions of the Foreign Department of the Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Exhibition in Moscow.
During the 1920s, architects were working on projects in Petrograd – Leningrad – Smolny Propylaea, the monuments of Vladimir Lenin, the Moscow-Narva Culture House. Shchuko and Gel'freykh took part in a number of competitions, including the draft of the Soviet pavilion at the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts, the project of the Ukrainian industrial building in Kharkov, the Palace of Labour in Ivanovo, the House of Councils in Tula, and several others.
The design of the Palace of the Soviets played an important role in cooperative activity of architects: they participated in the first and second closed competitions for the Palace project. The project executed by architect Boris Iofan, was adopted as a basis. Later Boris Iofan, Vladimir Gel'freykh and V. Shchuko with their architectural team were entrusted with the subsequent development of this project
In 1918—1935 Gel'freykh taught in the Leningrad Higher Artistic-Technical Institute. He taught in the Stroganov Moscow State University of Arts and Industry.
Since 1935, the architect actively participated in the reconstruction of Moscow, he developed a version of the layout of the south-west of Moscow.
His significant work during the war years were the constructions of the third stage of the Moscow metro — the ground vestibule and the platform of the Elektrozavodskaya station, the ground vestibule of Novokuznetskaya station.
Gel'freykh created the project of the platform of the station "Botanical Garden" ; the project of the Pantheon – the Monument to the Eternal Glory of the Great People of the Soviet Land on the Lenin Hills.
In 1957—1958 Vladimir Gel'freykh took part in architectural competitions for the project of the Palace of Soviets on the Lenin Hills.
In the 1950s he developed a project for the reconstruction of the Smolenskaya Square.
Died August 7, 1967, in Moscow, buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Projects and buildings
In Petrograd – Leningrad
- Propylaea of Smolny.
- Water tower for 5000 buckets in Volkhovstroy.
- Secondary lowering substations of Volkhovstroy on the Vasilievsky Island, Vyborg and Petrograd Sides
- House of the State Industry of the USSR – Gosprom in Kharkov
In Moscow
- Russian State Library building ;
- House of the People's Commissariat of Industry on Red Square ;
- Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge ;
- House of Justice on the Frunzenskaya Waterfront ;
- The main pavilion of VDNKh with the tower of the Constitution ;
- Panorama of "The Storm of Perekop".
- Draft planning and development of the Smolenskaya Square ;
In other cities
- The Academic Drama Theatre named after Maxim Gorky in Rostov-on-Don ;
- Government House of the Abkhaz ASSR in Sukhumi;
- A monument to 26 Baku commissars;
- House of the State Industry of the Ukrainian SSR – Derzhprom in Kharkov ;
- Palace of Culture in Samara ;
- Matsestinsky viaduct ;
- Rzhev – restoration and reconstruction ;
- Khreshchatyk in Kiev ;
- Center of Stalingrad ;
- Oryol – the center of the city ;
- The building of the regional museum and library in Birobidzhan
Awards and prizes
- Hero of Socialist Labour
- USSR State Prize of 1st degree – for the architectural design of the station "Electrozavodskaya" and the upper vestibule of the Novokuznetskaya station of the Moscow Metro named after L. Kaganovich.
- USSR State Prize of 1st degree – for the architectural design of the building of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the Smolenskaya Square
- Order of Lenin
- Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Order of the Badge of Honour
- Medals