Vitebsk Region


Vitebsk Region, Vitsebsk Voblast, or Vitebsk Oblast is a region of Belarus with its administrative center being Vitebsk. It is located near the border with Russia.
As of a 2019, the region had a population of 1,135,731. It has the lowest population density in Belarus at 30.6 p/km².
Important cities within the region include Vitebsk, Orsha, and Polotsk/Novopolotsk.

Geography

Vitebsk Region covers an area of 40,000 km², which is about 19.4% of the national total. It is bordered on the north by Pskov Oblast of Russia, by Smolensk Oblast of Russia on the east, on the south by Minsk Region and by Mogilev Region, on the southwest by Minsk Region and Grodno Region, and on the west and northwest by Vilnius and Utena counties of Lithuania and Dagda, Daugavpils, Krāslava and Zilupe municipalities of Latvia.
The northern extreme point of Belarus is situated in Verkhnyadzvinsk District of Vitebsk Region, north of Lake Osveya.
In 2000 Belarusian scientists Alexey Solomonov and Valery Anoshko published a report in which they stated that the geographic centre of Europe was located near Lake Sho in the Vitebsk Region.
The region is known for its numerous lakes. The largest lakes of the Vitebsk Region are: Osveyskoye, Lukomskoye, Drivyaty, Nescherdo, Snudy, Lisno, Ezerische, Strusto, Richi, Losvido, Lepelskoye.
The region has more national parks, nature reserves, and wildlife preserves of national importance than any other region of Belarus. Braslav Lakes and Naroch National Parks and Berezinski Biosphere Reserve comprise 3,4% of the whole region's territory, and 22 wildlife preserves of national importance make up 4,1% of the region.

Economy

The main industry of the region is petrochemical. "Naftan" is one of the biggest oil refineries in Belarus and a major polymer manufacturer, "LLK-Naftan" produces oil additives. Share of the food industry in the regional industrial output is estimated at 14-15%. Share of textile, garment and shoe factories is estimated at 5-6%, the major factories are "Belvest", "Marko", Orsha flax factory, "Vitebsk carpets", "Znamya industrializacyi" garment factory in Vitebsk, "Bell Bimbo". The biggest electrical and machinery plants are "Vityas" in Vitebsk, "Vistan" machine tool factory, Vitebsk factory of electrical measuring instruments, Vitebsk factory of tractor spare parts, "Red fighter" machine tool factory in Orsha.
Lukoml power station is the biggest power plant in Belarus.
Vitebsk Region has a number of important transport connections with Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic countries, and Poland.

Tourism

The number of travel agencies in Vitebsk Region has been growing, from 25 in 2000 to 83 in 2010; most provide both agent and operator activities. The numerous lake resorts attract tourists for several-night stays. Polotsk and Vitebsk are the most popular cultural tourism destinations of the region.

Administrative subdivisions

The Vitebsk Region is subdivided into 21 districts, 2 cities of oblast subordinance, 19 additional cities, 249 selsovets, and 26 urban-type settlements.

Districts of Vitebsk Region

Cities and towns

Population of cities and towns in Vitebsk Region
EnglishBelarusianRussianPop.
VitebskВі́цебскВи́тебск342,400
OrshaО́ршаО́рша125,300
NavapolatskНаваполацкНовополоцк101,300
Polotsk По́лацкПо́лоцк82,800
PastavyПаставы20,500
HlybokayeГлыбокае19,600
LepelЛе́пельЛе́пель18,800
NovalukomlНовалукомль14,900
HaradokГарадокГородок14,000
BaranБара́нь12,300
TalachynТалачын10,500
BraslawБраслаўБраслав10,100
ChashnikiЧашнікі9,800
DubroŭnaДуброўна9,100
MyoryМёры9,000
SyannoСянно8,400
BeshankovichyБешанко́вічы8,200
VerkhnyadzvinskВерхнядзвінск7,300
DokshytsyДокшыцы7,000
Ushachyu.t.s.Ушачы5,600
DisnaДзісна2,400
Koptyusht.Капцюгі
Suraž t.Сураж
Kałyški t.КалышкіКолышки

Notes:
t. - town
u.t.s. - urban-type settlement

Towns

As of 2008, the birth rate was 9.7 per 1000, while the death rate was 15.5 per 1000. As of 2017, the birth rate was 9.6 and the death rate was 14.4. Rasony District, Shumilina District, Verkhnyadzvinsk District had the highest birth rates, while the city of Navapolatsk, Beshankovichy District, Haradok District had the lowests birth rates. 16.1% of the population were under working age, 56.6% in working age, 27.3% over working age.
In 2017, the region had negative net migration rates for both internal and international migrations. 5,227 of those who departed from the region in 2017 arrived in Minsk, 2,021 in the Minsk Region, 1,630 in the Mahilioŭ Region, less than 700 — in each of the other regions. 3,858 people arrived in the region from Minsk, 1,731 from the Mahilioŭ Region, 1,355 from the Minsk Region, less than 750 — from each of the other regions.
As of 2018, 53.7% of the region's population were female, 46.3% were male.
Share of urban population in the region is increasing continuously since 1950.
Year193919501955196019651970197519801985
Population 1,702.51,256.21,243.31,289.91,313.51,368.81,384.11,386.11,402.3
Year199019952000200520062007200820092010
Population 1,415.71,426.31,366.41,289.51,273.81,259.41,247.31,237.51,229.4
Year201120122013201420152016201720182019
Population 1,221.81,214.11,2081,202.11,198.51,193.51,1881,180.21,171.5

Birth & death rates19501960197019801985199019952000200520102011201220132014201520162017
Birth rate2421.614.614.214.813.29.18.58.410.110.110.911.111.111.211.19.6
Death rate7.878.511.312.312.514.915.116.516.716.215.415.414.714.714.614.4

Life expectancy at birth19901995200020052010201520162017
Overall716868.468.169.572.973.373.3
female76.374.975.675.77778.979.479.3
male67.364.464.263.365.169.269.469.4

Marriages and divorces195019601970198019901995200020052010201520162017
Marriages 11,58915,27512,64513,90813,48010,5717,9369,0379,5429,8037,5367,582
Marriages 9.211.99.2109.57.45.87.17.88.26.36.4
Divorces 1598722,8354,6415,0066,4656,3394,2094,8004,0074,2053,983
Divorces 0.10.72.13.33.54.54.73.33.93.43.53.4