Transient climate simulation


A transient climate simulation is a mode of running a global climate model in which a period of time is simulated with continuously-varying concentrations of greenhouse gases so that the climate of the model represents a realistic mode of possible change in the real world.

Related models

This may be contrasted with an equilibrium climate simulation in which greenhouse gas concentrations are suddenly changed and the model allowed to come into equilibrium with the new forcing.

History

Early GCMs used "swamp" or "slab" ocean models for reasons of computational simplicity. Such models cannot simulate the heat take up that occurs in the real ocean and were thus unable to run transient simulations: instead, the response to equilibrium change was investigated. There are problems with this approach, which were well appreciated at the time: the deep ocean has a very long time constant and in some areas the transient and equilibrium responses are very different.

Model interpretation issues

In an equilibrium simulation, time is merely a label and a given year or decade does not represent the simulation of a calendar year or decade.
If the simulation is partly of the past, observed levels may be used.
The transient simulation is intended to be a physically plausible path for the climate system to follow.
Although even a perfect model would not simulate the year-to-year variations seen in the real world, in an ideal model the variation from decade to decade would track that of the real world.