Toyota MR2
The Toyota MR2 is a two-seat, mid-engined, rear-wheel-drive sports car manufactured in Japan and marketed globally by Toyota from 1984 to 2007 over three generations: W10, W20 and W30. It is Japan's first mid-engined production car.
Conceived as a small, economical and sporty car, the MR2 employed straightforward design elements, including fully independent MacPherson strut front and rear suspensions, four-wheel disc brakes, and a transverse-mounted inline-four engine.
The name MR2 stands for either "mid-ship run-about 2-seater" or "mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive, 2-seater". In French-speaking markets, the MR2 was renamed Toyota MR due to the similarity of the word "MR2" to a French profanity.
Origins
The MR2 derived from a 1976 Toyota design project with the goal of a car which would be enjoyable to drive, yet still provide good fuel economy – not necessarily a sports car. Design work began in 1979 when Akio Yoshida from Toyota's testing department started to evaluate alternatives for engine placement and drive method, finalizing a mid-transverse engine placement. Toyota called the 1981 prototype SA-X.From its original design, the car evolved into a sports car, and further prototypes were tested both in Japan and in the US. Significant testing was performed on race circuits including Willow Springs, where former Formula One driver Dan Gurney tested the car.
All three generations were in compliance with Japanese government regulations concerning exterior dimensions and engine displacement. The MR2 appeared around the same time as the Honda CR-X, the Nissan EXA, the VW Scirocco from Europe, and the Pontiac Fiero and Ford EXP from North America.
Toyota debuted its SV-3 concept car in October 1983 at the Tokyo Motor Show, gathering press and audience publicity. The car was scheduled for a Japanese launch in the second quarter of 1984 under the name MR2.
First generation (W10; 1984–1989)
Toyota introduced the first-generation MR2 in 1984, designating it the model code "W10". When fitted with the 1.5-liter 3A engine, it was known as the "AW10". Likewise, the 1.6-liter 4A version is identified by the "AW11" code.In Japan, the MR2 was marketed exclusively via Toyota's Toyota Auto Store and Toyota Vista Store, both rebranded in 1998 as Netz Toyota Store. At its introduction in 1984, the MR2 won the Car of the Year Japan.
As Toyota engineered the MR2 to accommodate a 2-liter engine, its primary features included its light body, strong handling, and low-power small-displacement engine. The car is often referred to as the AW11, referring to the chassis code of the most common 1.6-liter, A-engined versions.
The MR2's suspension and handling were designed by Toyota with the help of Lotus engineer Roger Becker. Toyota's cooperation with Lotus during the prototype phase can be seen in the AW11, and it owes much to Lotus's sports cars of the 1960s and 1970s. Toyota's active suspension technology, called TEMS, was not installed. With five structural bulkheads, the MR2 was quite heavy for a two-seater of its size.
Toyota employed the naturally aspirated 4A-GE inline-four engine, a DOHC four-valve-per-cylinder motor, borrowed from the E80 series Corolla. This engine was also equipped with Denso electronic port fuel injection and T-VIS variable intake geometry, giving the engine a maximum power output of in the US, in the UK, in Europe, in Australia and in Japan. Japanese models were later detuned to. A five-speed manual transmission was standard, with a four-speed automatic available as an option.
Road tests delivered 0– times in the mid- to high-8 second range and Dragstrip| times in the mid- to high-16 second range, significantly faster than the four-cylinder Pontiac Fiero or Fiat X1/9. In the home market, the AW10 base model was offered, which used the more economical 3A-U engine rated at.
In 1986, Toyota introduced a supercharged engine for the MR2. Based on the same block and head, the 4A-GZE was equipped with a small Roots-type supercharger and a Denso intercooler. T-VIS was eliminated and the compression ratio was lowered to 8:1. It produced at 6,400 rpm and of torque at 4,400 rpm and accelerated the car from 0 to in 6.5 to 7.0 seconds. The supercharger was belt-driven but actuated by an electromagnetic clutch, so that it would not be driven except when needed, increasing fuel economy. Curb weight increased to as much as for supercharged models, due to the weight of the supercharger equipment and a new, stronger transmission. A fuel selector switch was also added in some markets, to allow the car to run on regular unleaded fuel if required. In addition to the new engine, the MR2 SC was also equipped with stiffer springs, and received special "tear-drop" aluminium wheels. The engine cover had two raised vents that visually distinguished it from the naturally aspirated models. It was also labeled "SUPER CHARGER" on the rear trunk and body mouldings behind both doors. This model was never offered outside of the Japanese and North American markets, although some cars were privately imported to other countries.
Yearly changes
MK1a and MK1b are unofficial designations, but are frequently used by owners and vendors to distinguish between early production vehicles and later face-lifted models. While there are considerable differences detailed below, the most notable being that rear suspension components are not interchangeable between the MK1a and MK1b cars.;MK1a – June 1984
Original introduction
;June 1985
- Japanese model changes:
- *Supercharged model introduced, offered with four-speed A/T or five-speed M/T
- *T-bar roof option available
- Color-keyed front lip and bumpers, side stripes, mudflaps, side skirts option now available
- Mudflap removed for models equipped with "Aerodynamic Spoiler Package" as the side skirts are full-length along the side
- Rear sunshade with TOYOTA logo above rear window added
- Third brake light added
- Leather interior option now available
- Bigger 212 mm flywheel and clutch for naturally aspirated models
- Rear anti-roll bar discontinued on North American models
- Powertrain changes:
- *Naturally aspirated 4A-GE now upgraded with a "7-rib" structural design as well as larger connecting rods. North American 4A-GE is also now rated at.
- *Intake camshaft valve cover now has the "16 Valve" portion in red instead of blue
- *EGR port repositioned on exhaust manifold to prevent cracking
- *Revised manual transmission internals.
- *Air filter rerouted to the trunk and continues around the trunk towards the air vent on the opposite side of the engine bay.
- Chassis changes:
- *Slight unibody changes
- *Radiator tilted back at an angle to force air down towards the bottom of the car
- *Revised rear suspension
- *Larger front and rear brake rotors
- *New tail lights
- *New front lip and front bumper
- *Radio antenna moved to rear right quarter panel for t-top/sunroof models
- *T-bar roof available in North America and Europe
- Interior changes:
- *LHD models now has parking brake on the right side
- *New center console, center armrest
- *Glovebox lock
- *Double-din radio, rear speakers added to the upper C pillar
- *Door panels, three-spoke steering wheel, gauge cluster markings
- *Seat changed to single-color velour and perforations added for leather seats
- Supercharged model available in North America
- Color-coded side mirrors and new engine lid for supercharged models
- Full-length side skirts now standard on all models
- T-bar glass panels changed from smoked to mirrored
- Color-code door handle and side mirrors for all models
- Incandescent third brake lamp replaced by LED strip integrated into the rear spoiler
- More aerodynamic wing mirrors introduced, with optional power retract mechanism
- North American supercharged models equipped with rear anti-roll bar
Reception
American car magazines Road & Track and Car and Driver both chose the MR2 on their "ten best" car lists. The Australian Wheels magazine chose the 1988 MR2 as its favourite sports car. The MR2 was Motor Trend's Import Car of the Year for 1985. The MR2 was also on Car and Driver magazine's Ten Best list for 1986 and 1987. In 2004, Sports Car International ranked the MR2 number eight on the list of Top Sports Cars of the 1980s.In 1988 and 1989 Toyota produced two final production runs of fully optioned "Super Edition" MR2s, based upon the supercharged Japanese market model, and only sold in Japan. The 1988 'Super Edition' was a run of 300 units, had white/gold two-tone paint, bronze glass, unique half-leather and half-cloth seats, along with a MOMO-commissioned steering wheel and gear knob. The 1989 model, a run of 270 units, featured a special Midnight Blue paint, the MOMO-commissioned steering wheel and gear knob, Recaro "Milano" seats with matching door panels. The 1989 model also benefited from some of the last G-Limited model options, such as the LED rear spoiler brake light and more aerodynamic wing mirrors. Both "Super Edition" models had unique decals on the rear visor and side stripes.
Motorsports
Toyota 222D rally car
While Toyota's front-engine, rear-drive Celica rally cars proved dominant in the African Group B rallies of the 1980s, they were at a disadvantage on the twistier European stages. Thus, in 1985 Toyota Team Europe started a rally project codenamed "222D" based on the MR2, for competition in Group S and potentially Group B as well. Though somewhat similar on the outside, it's clear that it shared very little with the production car. Little is known about this project because it never competed. With Group B cancelled in 1986, the proposed Group S regulations suffered the same fate, and the car was reduced to a museum piece.During a surprise appearance at the 2006 Goodwood Festival of Speed, Toyota drove and displayed a black 222D. The race-ready car weighed around and its transverse-mounted, four-cylinder, turbocharged engine was reported to produce as much as.
Second generation (W20; 1989–1999)
The MR2 went through a redesign in 1989. The new car was larger, weighed more than its predecessor due to having a more luxurious and spacious cabin, larger engine sizes, sturdier transaxle, and a more durable suspension setup. The overall design of the automobile received more rounded, streamlined styling, with some calling the MR2 SW20 a "baby Ferrari" or "poor man's Ferrari", since the car did have several design cues borrowed from Ferrari.Like the AW11 before it, Toyota spent countless hours fine-tuning the handling capabilities of the SW20, seeking advice from professional race car drivers, including Dan Gurney of Formula One, NASCAR, and Le Mans fame.
When the AW11 was still in production and before the SW20 was officially shown to the public, several rumors were spreading stating that Toyota was building yet another mid-engine sports car, one that would have a 3.0L V6 engine that could directly compete with the 348, though this specific rumor was later shot down under the pretense that such a car would belong under the Lexus branding.
- Japanese market trim levels:
- G with an NA 2.0L 3S-GE engine producing ; with an A/T standard and an optional M/T. The G was the base model of the SW20 line-up. Standard features included: climate control, electric mirrors, and fabric door/seat trim.
- G-Limited with the NA 2.0L 3S-GE engine; an A/T was standard or an M/T was optional. The G-Limited was the higher-specification naturally aspirated SW20. Additional standard features: electric folding mirrors, steering fog lamps, and rear spoiler.
- GT-S with a turbocharged 2.0L 3S-GTE engine producing ; an M/T was the only choice. The GT-S had the same standard features as the G-Limited.
- GT with the turbocharged 2.0L 3S-GTE engine and manual transmission. The GT was considered as the luxury specification in the SW20 line-up and had alcantera/leather door and seat trim in addition to G-Limited standard features. All Japanese market cars came equipped with electronic climate control featuring 2 stage air conditioning.
- European market trim levels:
- Coupe with the NA 2.0L 3S-FE engine producing . This model had no rear spoiler or front fog lights
- GT Coupe with the NA 2.0L 3S-GE engine producing.
- GT T-Bar with the NA 2.0L 3S-GE engine. Options included as standard were full leather seats/door cards and the premium 8 speaker audio system.
- US market trim levels:
- MR2 with a NA 2.2L 5S-FE engine producing and offered with a four-speed A/T or five-speed M/T.
- MR2 Turbo with a turbocharged 2.0L 3S-GTE engine producing at 6,000 rpm and at 3,200 rpm of torque, offered only with a 5-speed M/T.
Mechanical differences on the Turbo models include:
- 3S-GTE engine with associated air-to-air intercooler and different exhaust configuration;
- Stronger and heavier E153 gearbox with different ratios and stronger axles;
- Larger fuel pump and radiator.
- Models with 3S-GE and 3S-GTE engines had twin-piston front brake calipers. Models with the 5S-FE engine had only single-piston calipers.
The Revision 1 Turbo SW20 can pull 0.89g at the skidpad, with later revisions averaging 0.90g – 0.94.
Revision 2 cars were fitted with Yokohama A022s; coincidentally, the Honda NSX also uses a special variant of the A022.
A stock Japanese market Rev 3 GT-S Turbo was able to run the 1/4 mile in 13.1 seconds, beating out more expensive and higher powered automobiles such as the Honda NSX, Toyota Supra RZ, and even the Ferrari 348 TB.
Best Motoring, a popular Japanese automobile TV show, featured an episode that had them battle a factory stock Rev 5 GT-S Turbo versus other Japanese market contemporaries on the Tsukuba Circuit, with the MR2 winning the circuit race. In the rankings of personal bests, a Rev 2 GT-S was able to clock 1:08.00 at Tsukuba Circuit.
Revisions and model year changes
The second-generation MR2 underwent a variety of changes during its 10 years of production, grouped in four different periods:;1989
Introduction of the new generation.
;January 1992
- Fitment of a catalytic converter, lowering the power to 156 hp
- Revised rear suspension with longer toe links
- Revised front suspension which removed castor angle adjustment
- Larger front lip
- 15-inch wheels and wider tires on all models
- Larger brakes
- Shorter shift lever and smaller knob
- Viscous LSD option
- Upgraded transmission synchronizers
- US turbo models now only sold with T-bar roof
- Canadian sales cease after 1993
- EBFD and TC added as options on Japanese market models
- European & Japanese market 3S-GE now rated at 173 hp
- Japanese market 3S-GTE now rated at
- American market 5S-FE now rated at.
- American market Turbo models retained the Gen 2 3S-GTE.
- Round "Kouki" tail lights
- Prior 3-piece rear wing replaced with revised one-piece
- Color-coded center panel, front lip, and side skirts.
- Passenger airbag
- Viscous LSD added as standard in Japanese market Turbo models
- Japanese market E153 gearbox revised with upgraded synchros
- Cruise control no longer an option on Japanese market models
- Upgrades made to ABS system, which now induced an acceleration sensor located behind the gear stick
- Upgrades to electronic power steering system to boost assist at low speeds and reduce assist at high speeds
- Strengthening pieces added to rear strut towers
- American sales cease in 1995; turbo models are not offered in California-emission states after 1994
- Fender mounted turn signals on all models
- 5 spoke alloys featured diamond cut faces
- Passenger airbag added as an option in Japanese market
- Revisions to ABS system
- European 3S-GE down-rated to 168 hp due to the introduction of EGR.
- Unavailable in North America
- Clear fender mounted turn signals
- New 15-inch wheels featuring narrower spokes
- Adjustable rear spoiler, revised from the earlier versions
- Red rings around gauges, red stitching on leather shift knob
- Japan receives the new BEAMS 3S-GE rated at
Special variants
TRD2000GT
In 1998, Toyota Racing Development offered an official kit body conversion and tuning program for MR2 owners to transform their existing SW20 MR2 into a wide-body TRD2000GT replica car. This was to pay homage to the TRD2000GT wins in the GT-C Japanese racing series, since the TRD2000GT racing series cars were based on the SW20 floor pan. The TRD2000GT body kit widened the MR2 by a total of. Prior to MR2s being fitted with the TRD2000GT body kit, TRD had its customers select which additional engine, suspension, wheel, and interior upgrades they wanted. For these reason, no two TRD2000GT MR2s are alike. It is rumored that at least one was built to produce up to whereas some others had few modifications to their engines.In order to ensure exclusivity, a high price tag was charged and total of just 35 factory car conversions were completed by Toyota Technocraft Ltd. Each official Technocraft-converted car was made using lightweight fiberglass components and re-classified as completely new cars.
The Toyota Technocraft Ltd. TRD2000GT had a wider front and rear track. Virtually every car converted also had other TRD parts fitted too, including extensive changes to both the suspension and engine. Most cars left the factory making more power due to TRD bolt-ons, some cars even left the factory boasting up to and less than 1100 kg for a very impressive power-to-weight ratio. While TRD Japan only offered a small number of kits with all body parts required for third-party conversion, Toyota Technocraft Ltd. offered complete car conversions.
Apart from the cars listed on the TRD2000GT register it is unknown how many original Toyota Technocraft Ltd. cars still exist today, but it is rumored that approximately 10 conversion kits were imported from TRD Japan into the US for conversions. In many respects, the extended body can be compared to that of a Porsche 911 Slantnose modification. The car's width is extended and body dimensions dramatically changing the car's overall visuals. Very little is known about these cars outside Japan.
TOM'S T020
Apart from Toyota Racing Development, TOM'S also released official body kits and a variety of tuning parts for the MR2. The "T020" as it was called, was powered by a naturally aspirated 2.2L stroked 3S-GE that produced at 6,800 rpm, this was due to more aggressive "F3" cams, a stroker kit, better intake flow with the aid of the "TOM'S Hyper Induction Carbon" intake kit, and an upgraded exhaust system labeled the "TOM'S Barrel", a lightened flywheel was also equipped to help the engine rev easier. The T020 also featured a more race-oriented suspension/chassis set up via camber kits, upgraded tie-rods, strut bars, roll center adjusters, stiffer springs, race shock absorbers, and sports brake pads. These modifications lowered the vehicle's center of gravity for increased agility and stability while cornering, and combined with the engine modifications enabling the T020 to accelerate from in 4.9 seconds, in turn further made the SW20 chassis a much more capable track machine. A sportier look was given to the vehicle as well through engine scoops, side skirts, a Ferrari 348-esque rear light grille, forged wheels, revised bumper designs, and a larger rear spoiler.Though undeniably still an MR2, the T020 was in all essence a more refined automobile, as is the nature of any TOM'S outfitted vehicle. Whilst the T020 was a normally aspirated vehicle, TOM'S also produced equipment for turbocharged models — e.g. wastegates, boost controllers, air filters, a 3S-GTE version of their "TOM'S Barrel" exhaust system, and "T.E.C. II" Engine Control Units. Despite the fact that these products are no longer purchasable brand new, some of these modification parts may still be procured as second-hand items, and are highly sought after by the MR2 community. TOM'S still keeps a T020 part list on their website, and there are still T020 part catalogues in circulation between enthusiasts to this day, albeit second-hand.
SW20 Spider
Between 1996 and 1999, Toyota TechnoCraft produced 91 MKII SW20 MR2 Spiders. These cars featured a retractable, cloth softtop roof, wingless trunk lid, and an engine lid that was unique to the SW20 spider. Most of these cars were automatics and nearly all of them sported a naturally aspirated engine. Toyota decided against putting its name or logo on these cars as a result of its desire to distance itself from cars that featured leaky roofs. Most of the Spiders came in Lucerne Silver with a blue side moulding and featured black and blue accented cloth seats.Several of these cars have been imported into the UK.
Motorsports
Early in the 1990s, the SW20 enjoyed considerable success throughout the world. Several teams fielded the MR2 in the Swiss Touring Car Championship, as well as in the South-East Asian Supercar Championship, with much success. The chassis was also used for a time during the mid 90s in the Fuji Freshman Series in Japan in which the SW20 succeeded the earlier AE86 chassis. Currently both the SW20 and ZZW30 chassis are used in 750 Motor Club's MR2 Championship in the UK which started in the early 2000s.Le Mans: SARD MC8-R
The Sard MC8-R was a modified and lengthened version of the SW20 built for GT racing by Toyota's SARD works team. The MC8-R housed a twin-turbo version of the 4.0-liter 1UZ-FE V8 producing. Eligible for the GT1 category, the MC8-R lacked pace against the new-generation sports cars and homologation specials such as the Porsche 911 GT1, but did compete alongside a similarly modified Toyota Supra.One MC8 road car was built in order to meet homologation requirements. The car disappeared from public eye within a year of its construction, but surfaced again on the Japanese collector car website SEiyaa in 2015, two decades after its disappearance. The car is assumed to be in the possession of a private collector, as the vehicle's sales listing has since been removed from SEiyaa.
1995 and 1996
- The MC8-R made its first outing in the 1995 24 Hours of Le Mans piloted by Alain Ferté, Kenny Acheson, and Tomiko Yoshikawa. It retired after 14 laps. Later that year the car attempted the 1000km Suzuka, this time managing to finish 26th overall.
- One MC8-R was entered in the 1996 24 Hours of Le Mans, piloted by Masanori Sekiya, Hidetoshi Mitsusada, and Masami Kageyama. The team qualified 37th and finished 24th, second-to-last of finishers.
- The team also entered the 1997 24 Hours of Le Mans, but driver Olivier Grouillard failed to make it past pre-qualifying. Two cars were also entered in the FIA GT Championship round at the 1997 Suzuka 1000km, but neither car managed to finish. It was replaced for the following year with the Toyota GT-One.
Japanese Grand Touring Championship (now Super GT)
1998
- Team Taisan Jr. with Tsuchiya campaigned a MR2 #25 powered by the factory 3S-GTE powerplant in the 1998 JGTC season. Keiichi Suzuki and Shingo Tachi drove an amazing five GT300 victories out of six races, winning the teams' and drivers' championship for GT300 accumulating a total of 106 points. Their #25 MR2 also participated and won the "All-Star race" at the end of the year.
- For following year, Team Taisan Jr. moved to a Porsche chassis in GT300, while MOMOCORSE A'PEX Racing Team with Tsuchiya campaigned a crimson MR2 and won both teams' and drivers' championships. Morio Nitta and Shin'ichi Takagi drove to one victory, two 2nd places, and one third place to secure the teams' championship, with Nitta winning the drivers' championship by just one point over the Nismo Silvia that was driven by Takeshi Tsuchiya and Yuji Ide. Momocorse Racing would move to the MR-S chassis for the 2000 season, marking the end of the SW20's participation in JGTC.
Land speed record
The car, that previously saw action at the Firestone Firehawk Endurance Championship by P. J. Jones, ran with a boost of with changes to the intake and exhaust systems and the cam timing, output a maximum of. The car ran with its stock body apart minus wing mirrors and wiper blades. His attempt at improving his record the following year was thwarted by poor weather.
, the G/BGT record still stands.
Aftermarket
During its era the SW20 enjoyed a myriad of tuning parts from world renowned Japanese tuners such as HKS, Blitz, Phoenix Power, etc. While some companies only offered aesthetic modifications for the SW20, others such as Phoenix Power delivered a more comprehensive experience for customers, modifications such as a tuned ECU, longblock modifications, and a trunk mounted intercooler combined with a T04R Turbocharger were fitted. The Phoenix Power MR2 also featured a large rear wing reminiscent of the 911 GT2 for massive downforce at high speeds, and a reworked suspension set up with Öhlins equipment, all of this turned the SW20 into a "street" monster that can feel equally at home on the track. Japanese tuner Border Racing, made available several parts as well, consisting mostly of parts that improved the car's suspension geometry, namely roll-center adapters, extended tie rods, etc., though they have also produced intercooler kits for the car and several interior pieces. AP Racing at a time also produced a brake kit as well for the MR2, but this has now long been discontinued. Performance parts manufacturer JUN offered engine upgrades for the MR2's 3SGTE engine which came in the form of stroker kits, which were co-developed with Cosworth, these are currently still available alongside, lightened flywheels, cam gears, and camshafts.Reception
The SW20 garnered generally favorable reviews during its production life, with various sources complementing the styling, power, and responsive handling. Car and Driver noted the revised SW20's braking capabilities to be superb, stating that 70 mph to standstill could be done in 157 feet, rivaling that of the Honda NSX. Former Top Gear host and racing driver Tiff Needell commends the SW20's handling having said that it "encourages you to drive with enthusiasm" in a review back in 1990. He does note however, that the sudden transition from understeer to oversteer may be startling for some people.The car is infamous for its "snap-oversteer", this notoriety comes from numerous instances where individuals crash their SW20 either on or off the race track due to inexperience with a mid-ship platform, as MR layouts handle very differently in comparison to the common FF or even FR layouts. Even in its revised state the SW20 still has a large enough following that labels it to be a very challenging car to push to its limits, with some even labeling it as "the most dangerous car that you can buy", such a label may be true since MR2s are relatively cheaper than most automobiles with an MR platform and that it is readily accessible to more people.
In 1997 the video game Gran Turismo for the PlayStation, featured the MR2 SW20 alongside other 1990s Japanese market cars such as the Honda NSX, Mitsubishi FTO and Nissan Skyline. The 1999 sequel Gran Turismo 2 introduced other variants of the MR2, including the TOM'S T020, the TRD2000GT, and the MOMOCORSE MR2 JGTC.
Third generation (W30; 1999–2007)
The third-generation MR2 was marketed as the Toyota MR-S in Japan, Toyota MR2 Spyder in the US, and the Toyota MR2 Roadster in Europe, except for France and Belgium, where it was marketed as the Toyota MR Roadster.Also known as the Midship Runabout-Sports, the newest MR2 took a different approach than its predecessor, most obviously becoming a convertible and receiving the 'Spyder' marketing nomenclature.
The first prototype of MR-S appeared in 1997 at the Tokyo Motor Show. The MR2 Spyder chief engineer Harunori Shiratori said, "First, we wanted true driver enjoyment, blending good movement, low inertia, and lightweight. Then, a long wheelbase to achieve high stability and fresh new styling; a mid-engine design to create excellent handling and steering without the weight of the engine upfront; a body structure as simple as possible to allow for easy customizing, and low cost to the consumer."
The only engine available for the ZZW30 was the all-aluminium alloy 1ZZ-FED, a Inline-four engine. Like its predecessors, it used DOHC and 4 valves per cylinder. The intake camshaft timing was adjustable via the VVT-i system, which was introduced earlier on the 1998 MR2 in some markets. Unlike its predecessors, however, the engine was placed onto the car the other way round, with the exhaust manifold towards the rear of the car instead of towards the front. The maximum power of at 6,400 rpm and of torque at 4,400 rpm was quite a drop from the previous generation, but thanks to the lightness of the car it could still move quite quickly, accelerating from 0 to in 6.8 to 8.7 seconds depending on the transmission option, the SMT being unable to launch and shift as quickly as the clutch operated manual. Curb weight is for manual transmission models.
In addition to the 5-speed manual transmission, a 6-speed manual or 5-speed SMT was also available starting in 2002. The SMT was a standard feature in the Australian market; however, air conditioning was optional. After 2003, a 6-speed SMT was an option. The SMT had no conventional H-pattern shift lever or clutch pedal. The driver could shift gears by tapping the shift lever forward or backward or by pressing steering-wheel-mounted buttons. The electrohydraulic clutch engagement is automatic, and the car will automatically shift to second and then first gear when stopping. Cruise control was never offered with the manual transmission but was standard for SMT-equipped cars.
The MR2 Spyder featured a heated glass rear window. A hardtop was also available from Toyota in Japan and Europe.
Yearly changes
;October 1999The MR-S was introduced in October 1999 to the Japanese market in three trim levels: the "B", the "Standard", and the "S". The "S" trim level included power windows, locks, mirrors, AM/FM/CD radio, cloth seats, tilt steering wheel, and alloy wheels.
In March 2000, the car was introduced into the US and Europe as a "monospec" level, which included the same features as Japan's "S" trim level. In October 2000 the car was introduced in Australia as a 5-speed SMT only.
;2001
- 5-speed SMT introduced in the USA.
- New paint colors
- New front and rear fascias, standard fog lights, power antennae, and color-matched side air intakes
- 16-inch rear wheels with larger tires
- New seats, slight changes to the gauge cluster and interior
- SMT now has six forward gears and faster shifting
- New springs, dampers, and a new underbody brace
- Torsen limited-slip differential available as an option
- Strengthened unibody for crash intrusion protection
- Ride height increased approximately 1" in all markets
- 6-disc in-dash CD player standard
- Last year of sales in North America
- Last year of sales
- Special "V-Edition" and "TF300" editions sold only in the United Kingdom.
Performance and handling
The end of the Spyder
In July 2004, Toyota announced that sales of the MR2 would be discontinued in the US at the end of the 2005 model year because of increasing competition and lack of sales. The ZZW30 sold 7,233 units in its debut year, falling to just 901 for the 2005 model, for a total of 27,941 through its six years of production in the US. The 2005 model year was the last for the MR2 in the US. While the MR2 Spyder was not sold after 2005 in the US, it was offered in Japan, Mexico, and Europe until 2007. Production of the car ceased permanently in July 2007.Motorsports
Super GT
Between 2000 and 2008, several teams campaigned the MR-S in Super GT.- In 2002, Morio Nitta and Shinichi Takagi shared the GT300 drivers' championship in the ARTA MR-S.
- Team Reckless's MR-S won both drivers' and teams' championships in 2005, driven by Kota Sasaki and Tetsuya Yamano.
- For 2007, Kazuya Oshima and Hiroaki Ishiura shared the drivers' championship in the Toy Story APR MR-S, with wins at Okayama and Sepang, but lost the teams' championship by six points to the Mooncraft Shiden prototype racer of team Privée Kenzo Asset Shiden.
Special variants
V-Edition
As a farewell to the MR2, Toyota produced 1000 limited-production V-Edition cars for Japan and the UK. They are distinguished by different color wheels, titanium interior accents, minor body changes, a helical limited-slip differential, and different steering wheel trim.TF300
Also for the model year 2007, the United Kingdom received 300 models in a special numbered TF300 series. A special turbocharged variant called the TTE Turbo was available as a dealer-installed package. This package was also available for fitting to customer MR2s.VM180 Zagato
The Toyota VM180 Zagato was designed by Zagato, based on the MR-S, and built at Toyota Modelista International for sale in Japan only through the Toyota Vista dealer network. It was first shown on 10 January 2001 in Tokyo and then at the February 2001 Geneva Motor Show. The body panels are attached to the original MR-S chassis, as can be seen by the recess around the door handles. The stock engine was tuned to produce.In popular culture
Manga and anime
In the Shuichi Shigeno manga and anime Initial D, as well as the Arcade Stage games, Kai Kogashiwa drove an SW20 MR2 G-Limited before switching to a ZZW30 MR-S S Edition.In the manga Over Rev!, the protagonist Ryoko Shino drives an AW11.