The Slav Epic


The Slav Epic is a cycle of 20 large canvases painted by Czech Art Nouveau painter Alfons Mucha between 1910 and 1928. The cycle depicts the mythology and history of Czechs and other Slavic peoples. In 1928, after finishing his monumental work, Mucha bestowed the cycle upon the city of Prague on condition that the city build a special pavilion for it. Prior to 2012, the work was a part of the permanent exhibition at the chateau in the town of Moravský Krumlov in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. In 2012, all 20 works were moved and displayed together on the ground floor of the Veletržní Palace till 2016, in an exhibition organized by the National Gallery in Prague. The works are currently not on display.

Background

Alphons Mucha spent many years working on The Slav Epic cycle, which he considered his life's masterwork. He had dreamed of completing such a series, a celebration of Slavic history, since the turn of the 20th century; however, his plans were limited by financial constraints. In 1909, he managed to obtain grants by an American philanthropist and keen admirer of the Slavic culture, Charles Richard Crane. He began by visiting the places he intended to depict in the cycle: Russia, Poland and the Balkans, including the Orthodox monasteries of Mount Athos. Additionally, he consulted historians regarding details of historical events in order to ensure an accurate depiction. In 1910, he rented part of the castle in Zbiroh and began working on the series.
Mucha continued working on the cycle for 18 years, gradually submitting paintings to the city of Prague as he completed them. In 1919, the first part of the series comprising eleven canvases was displayed in the Prague's Clementinum. In 1921, five of the paintings were shown in New York and Chicago to great public acclaim.
In 1928, the complete cycle was displayed for the first time in the Trade Fair Palace in Prague, the Czechoslovak capital.
Alfons Mucha died in July, 1939. Shortly before his death he was interrogated by the Gestapo, as he was an important exponent of public life in Czechoslovakia. During World War II, the Slav Epic was wrapped and hidden away to prevent seizure by the Nazis.
Following the Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948 and subsequent communist takeover of the country, Mucha was considered a decadent and bourgeois artist, estranged from the ideals of socialist realism. The building of a special pavilion for the exposition of the Slav Epic cycle became irrelevant and unimportant for the new communist regime. After the war, the paintings were moved to the chateau at Moravský Krumlov by a group of local patriots, and the cycle went on display there in 1963.

Controversy

The city of Prague has waged a decade-long legal battle over the work which intensified in early 2010. Much consideration has been given to relocating the Slav Epic from Moravský Krumlov, to Prague. The hope was that Prague, a city frequented by many thousands of tourists, would attract increased attention to the series of paintings. However, there is no suitable space for the work in Prague's galleries. Therefore, some Czech state institutions, such as the Office of the President of the Czech Republic, found it preferable to leave the paintings in their current location since there have been few problems there. Nevertheless, in early 2010, the city of Prague requested the return of the Slav Epic for restoration work and subsequent display. However, the Mucha Foundation, run by the artist's grandson John Mucha and his mother Geraldine, blocked the move as it would simply be a provisional measure. The City of Prague argued that not Alfons Mucha but Charles R. Crane was the owner of the paintings and that he has donated the cycle to the City of Prague. According to the newspaper Mladá fronta DNES, the information was proved by contracts found in the city archives. The Foundation is in talks with the City of Prague for the construction of a permanent home for the work.
On 25 July 2010, over a thousand people gathered in Moravský Krumlov to protest the planned move of The Slav Epic from the town.
After a two-year dispute between Prague and the Moravian town of Moravský Krumlov, the renowned cycle of 20 monumental canvases was—in a move protested by conservationists and art historians alike—taken for display at the National Gallery's Veletržní Palace in 2012 and remained there until the end of 2016. In 2018, The Slav Epic was shown in Brno during the RE:PUBLIKA Festival. The exhibition combines two opposing worlds of renowned Art Nouveau artist Alfons Mucha’s works – the majestic Slav Epic and a unique collection of posters.

List of paintings

The work consists of 20 paintings, up to six metres tall and eight metres wide.
#ImageTitleSubtitleDimensions
1Slavs in their Original HomelandBetween the Turanian Whip and the sword of the Goths8.10 × 6.10 m
2The Celebration of SvantovitWhen Gods Are at War, Salvation is in the Arts8.10 × 6.10 m
3The Introduction of the Slavonic LiturgyPraise the Lord in Your Native Tongue8.10 × 6.10 m
4The Bulgarian Tsar SimeonThe Morning Star of Slavonic Literature4.80 × 4.05 m
5The Czech King Přemysl Otakar IIThe Union of Slavic Dynasties4.80 × 4.05 m
6The Coronation of the Serbian Tsar Stefan Dušan as East Roman EmperorThe Slavic Code of Law4.05 × 4.80 m
7Jan Milíč of KroměřížA Brothel Converted to a Convent4.05 × 6.20 m
8Master Jan Hus Preaching at the Bethlehem ChapelTruth Prevails8.10 × 6.10 m
9The Meeting at KřížkySub Utraque4.05 × 6.20 m
10After the Battle of GrunwaldThe Solidarity of the Northern Slavs6.10 × 4.05 m
11After the Battle of Vítkov HillGod Represents Truth, Not Power4.80 × 4.05 m
12Petr Chelčický at VodňanyDo Not Repay Evil with Evil6.20 × 4.05 m
13The Hussite King Jiří of PoděbradyTreaties Are to Be Observed4.80 × 4.05 m
14Defense of Sziget against the Turks by Nicholas ZrinskyThe Shield of Christendom8.10 × 6.10 m
15The Printing of the Bible of Kralice in IvančiceGod Gave Us a Gift of Language8.10 × 6.10 m
16The Last days of Jan Amos Komenský in NaardenA Flicker of Hope6.20 × 4.05 m
17Holy Mount AthosSheltering the Oldest Orthodox Literary Treasures4.80 × 4.05 m
18The Oath of Omladina Under the Slavic Linden TreeThe Slavic Revival4.80 × 4.05 m
19The Abolition of Serfdom in RussiaWork in Freedom is the Foundation of a State8.10 × 6.10 m
20Apotheosis of the SlavsSlavs for Humanity4.05 × 4.80 m