The Concert for Bangladesh (film)


The Concert for Bangladesh is a film directed by Saul Swimmer and released in 1972. The film documents the two benefit concerts that were organised by George Harrison and Ravi Shankar to raise funds for refugees of the Bangladesh Liberation War, and were held on Sunday, 1 August 1971 at Madison Square Garden in New York City. As well as notable performances from Harrison and Shankar, the film includes "main performer" contributions from Harrison's fellow ex-Beatle Ringo Starr, Billy Preston and Leon Russell, and a surprise walk-on from Bob Dylan. Other contributing musicians include Ali Akbar Khan, Eric Clapton, the band Badfinger, Klaus Voormann, Jesse Ed Davis, Jim Horn and Jim Keltner.
The film was the final part of Harrison's "pioneering" aid project for the people of former East Pakistan, following his "Bangla Desh" charity single, the UNICEF benefit concerts, and a triple live album of the event credited to "George Harrison and Friends". The Concert for Bangladesh was produced by The Beatles' Apple Films; after delays caused by problems with inadequate footage from the event, it opened in US cinemas in the spring of 1972. The film was released on DVD in 2005 accompanied by a newly created documentary feature, The Concert for Bangladesh Revisited with George Harrison and Friends, which included recollections from many of the project's participants and contextual input from then UN secretary-general Kofi Annan, US Fund for UNICEF president Charles Lyons and Live Aid founder Bob Geldof.
As with the live album, sales of the DVD release of the film continue to benefit the George Harrison Fund for UNICEF.

Production

's Concert for Bangladesh documentary combined footage from both of the Madison Square Garden shows held on 1 August 1971, using George Harrison's preference of the performances of the songs. Harrison later explained that much of the concert footage was unusable, as a camera on the right-hand side of the venue was faulty and out of focus throughout, while the one opposite, down the left side, had cables hanging down in front of it. The compromised quality would result in some brutal edits in the released movie – Eric Clapton, for instance, appears to change jackets and guitar part-way through a song. In an interview accompanying the 2005 DVD release of the film, Swimmer would cite the audio syncing and the frame-by-frame conversion to 70mm format as other challenging, labour-intensive tasks. With work almost completed on the Concert for Bangladesh live album, Harrison is said to have begun editing the footage on 6 September; at some stage during the next few months, he was joined in this lengthy process by Bob Dylan.
A clip of Harrison's performance of "My Sweet Lord" was previewed during his appearance on ABC-TV's The Dick Cavett Show on 23 November, but the movie would not be ready for release until the following spring.

Synopsis

The opening of the movie features footage from the New York press conference, held at Allen Klein's ABKCO offices five days before the concerts, during which Harrison and Ravi Shankar discuss the upcoming shows. Harrison is asked by a reporter: "With all the enormous problems in the world, how did you happen to choose this one to do something about?" "Because I was asked by a friend if I would help, you know – that's all," is his reply.
The scene then shifts to inside Madison Square Garden, showing musicians and support crew preparing for the first show. In voiceover, Harrison provides a brief explanation of how the project came together.
The concert begins with Harrison taking to the stage alone and addressing the audience, his comment "We've got a good show lined up – well, I hope so anyway ..." alluding to the speed with which the event was organised. He then introduces the first group of musicians, led by Shankar, who, like Harrison, attempts to convey the intricacies of Indian classical music to the audience, as well as outlining the reason for this "special benefit concert". Shankar and Ali Akbar Khan proceed to tune their instruments and then stop after about 90 seconds. The audience, apparently believing they have heard an entire piece, respond with enthusiastic applause, to which Shankar replies: "Thank you, if you appreciate the tuning so much, I hope you will enjoy the playing more." The four musicians then launch into a fifteen-minute dhun.
A brief interlude ensues, consisting of behind-the-scenes footage that shows Phil Spector, Harrison and other performers making their way to the stage. Harrison starts off the rock portion of the concert with a string of songs from his hit album All Things Must Pass. He is backed by a large band, including two drummers, Ringo Starr and Jim Keltner, pianist Leon Russell, organist Billy Preston, Klaus Voormann on bass, two other lead guitarists, Eric Clapton and Jesse Ed Davis, the four members of Badfinger on rhythm guitars and tambourine, a six-piece horn section in matching blue patterned shirts, and a small choir of backing vocalists, a few of whom are also playing percussion. Harrison then turns the concert over to his friends briefly.
Towards the end of Billy Preston's song, "That's the Way God Planned It", Preston gets up from his stool and dances across the stage and back again – much to Harrison's delight. Starr sings his hit song "It Don't Come Easy" and appears flustered as he forgets some of the words. Harrison then returns to the spotlight for two of his own numbers, the second being "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", at the end of which Clapton clearly struggles on lead guitar next to Harrison's more measured soloing. Before this, Harrison pauses for a few minutes to introduce the many musicians around him, and to his own amazement misses out one of the key performers so far – "We've forgotten Billy Preston!" he declares eventually.
With a slight change in personnel, Russell delivers a rock and roll medley, before Harrison performs an intimate version of another Beatles-era song, "Here Comes the Sun". Harrison now introduces a newcomer to the stage, as Bob Dylan appears for a semi-acoustic set of four of his songs.
Two more numbers from Harrison close the show. When he apparently forgets part of the second verse in "Something", he looks around, seemingly at Russell or Clapton, and grins his way through it. The film concludes with a spirited version of Harrison's then-current single, "Bangla Desh", intercut at first with footage of the suffering refugees the concert was aiming to provide aid for. Towards the end of the song, Harrison exits the stage while the rest of the band plays on.

Performances in the film

All songs composed and performed by George Harrison, unless otherwise noted.

Ravi Shankar

Performers: Ravi Shankar, Ali Akbar Khan, Alla Rakha, Kamala Chakravarty
Performers: George Harrison, Ringo Starr, Leon Russell, Billy Preston, Eric Clapton, Jesse Ed Davis, Klaus Voormann, Jim Keltner ; with Badfinger: Pete Ham, Tom Evans, Joey Molland, Mike Gibbins ; with The Hollywood Horns: Jim Horn, Chuck Findley, Jackie Kelso, Allan Beutler, Lou McCreary, Ollie Mitchell; and The Soul Choir: Don Nix, Claudia Lennear, Joe Greene, Dolores Hall, Jeanie Greene, Marlin Greene, Don Preston
Performers: Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Leon Russell, Ringo Starr
Performers: as for George Harrison and band, but with Don Preston on electric guitar on "Bangla Desh"
Marketed with the tagline "The greatest concert of the decade. Now you can see it and hear it ... as if you were there!" together with Tom Wilkes's confronting poster image, The Concert for Bangla Desh received a preview screening on 22 March 1972 at New York's DeMille Theater before its official premiere the following day. John Lennon was among those attending the preview, along with wife Yoko Ono, although he left the cinema during Dylan's segment. The UK release was delayed until 27 July, however,John Pidgeon, "Bangla Desh", NME, 15 July 1972, p. 24; available at . preceded by a screening at the Rialto Cinema in central London. The Concert for Bangladesh was an instant commercial success internationally, breaking previous records for daily box-office takings in London. In his review for NME, John Pidgeon concluded: "The film tries to be no more than a visual album, an aim which it pursues even as far as separating the 'tracks' with darkness, and in which it undisputedly succeeds." Reviewing the 2005 reissue for BBC Online, Chris Jones described the concert as a "masterclass" in how to carry out a superstar charity benefit.

2005 DVD release

A two-disc special edition DVD of The Concert for Bangladesh was issued in October 2005, with the concert on disc one – at 99 minutes, slightly shorter than the original film – and an all-new documentary, The Concert for Bangladesh Revisited with George Harrison and Friends, on the second disc.
Performers interviewed for the documentary include Ravi Shankar, Eric Clapton, Ringo Starr, Billy Preston, Jim Keltner, Jim Horn, Leon Russell and Klaus Voormann, who offer their recollections of the concert. George Harrison talks about organising the concert in voiceovers only. Other interviews are with Rolling Stone founder Jann Wenner and Live Aid organiser Bob Geldof, both of whom talk of the historic importance of the event, as well as Apple Corps executive Neil Aspinall. Charles Lyons, then president of the US Fund for UNICEF, discusses the immediate benefits of the concerts in providing funds to treat cholera among the refugees, as well as the longer-term influence of the Bangladesh relief project, as the success of the live album and film forced foreign governments to ask themselves, "Are we on the right side on this Bangladesh issue?"
Regarding Clapton's absence from the preparations, Harrison explains that he was booked on every airline flight from London to New York City for a week before the shows. After finally boarding a plane, Clapton performed without the benefit of a rehearsal, and "he was brilliant," Harrison says, somewhat generously. Clapton, for his part, recalls the time as a period of "retirement" and states that he "really made it hard" for himself in the concerts, choosing to play a hollow-body Gibson Byrdland for his solo on "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", when a solid-body would have been more appropriate.
There are also short features on the making of Saul Swimmer's film, the release of the live album, movie poster and album artwork, concert photography, and personal recollections of the historic day, Sunday, 1 August 1971. Participants in these features include Swimmer, A&M Studios engineer Norm Kinney, former Capitol Records boss Bhaskar Menon, designer Tom Wilkes, photographer Barry Feinstein, and British film mogul David Puttnam. Menon is noticeably more contrite when discussing Capitol's controversial delaying of the album than his comments at the time suggested. In the main documentary, Leon Russell describes the day of the concerts as "one high-level experience from beginning to end".