Tanakpur


Tanakpur is a city and a municipal board in Champawat district of Uttarakhand state of India. Located in the plains area in the northern part of India as the gateway for Purnagiri Temple as well as the 'Gateway to the Kumaon Himalayas'. Tanakpur is a calm city located on riverside of Sarda River and touched to Nepal border. It is the last plain area on the road to Kumaon zone of Uttarakhand and acts as a junction for the Kumaon District's mountainous part. It is also the first point in the Kailash Manasarovar Pilgrimage. Gradually benefitting from the nationwide progress, Tanakpur is growing steadily into a buzzing city. Being on the Indo-Nepal Border Tanakpur is very important on the security perspective of India as a nation. Tanakpur is famous for Devi Purnagiri temple which is situated approximately 24 km at the north of city. National Highway 9 which starts from Askot in Pithoragarh district and passes from Tanakpur city to cities like Rudrapur, Rampur, Moradabad, Hapur, Ghaziabad, Delhi, Bahadurgarh, Rohtak, Hisar, Sirsa, Fatehabad and the highway ends at the state of Punjab.

History

This area was completely covered with forests till the first half of the nineteenth century. Tanakpur, a small city attached to the Nepal border, was a small village. Three miles from here was Brahmadev Mandi, which was built by the Katyuri kings who were originally from Joshimath. The market was completely suppressed due to the landslide in the era, and after some time, a business town was started again.
The city was formed in 1880. It was the winter office of the Sub-divisional officer of Champawat tehsil.
In 1890, when an English traveler came to the place with his friend Manjar Hussi, being influenced by the scenic beauty of this place, Talak and Hussey were the first to come to Bagodora and another Englishman Matsin built bungalows to live near the old tank. After this, efforts were made to settle this city in a planned manner. It was called Talakpur before the name of Lord Talak, but later this place was called Tanakpur. Earlier it was included in the area Almora. In the British period, a 6 feet wide pedestrian was constructed from Tanakpur to Tawaghat, which facilitated a lot of movement.
After many years of British time and independence, Bhotia merchants from Darma and Byas valleys used to come here and trade wool. There has also been a huge import-export with Nepal through this area. In the latter part of the nineteenth century, rail line connecting Pilibhit was constructed by Awadh-Tirhut railway company here. Along with this the city was connected by road to Delhi, Dehradun, Bareilly and Lucknow. Bageshwar Rail Project, Tanakpur-Jouljibi Motor Road, Pancheshwar Dam etc. Ambitious projects are proposed in this area. It had a population of 692 in 1901.

Geography

Tanakpur is located at. It has an average elevation of 255 metres.

Demographics

According to the 2001 census, Tanakpur had a population of 80,580 which increased to 2,00,000 till 2017. As per 2011 census, 52.5% of the total population and 47.5% of the population are women. Tanakpur has an average literacy rate of 78.24%: 84.06% male and 71.84% of females are literate. 12.68% of the total population is under 6 years of age.
According to the 2011 census, 80.32% of people in Tanakpur are Hindus. 18.22% of people follow Islam, which is the largest minority group in the city. In addition, the percentage of followers of Christianity in the city was 0.55%, 0.08% of followers of Jain religion, 0.69% of followers of Sikhism and 0.01% of followers of Buddhism. About 0.13% of people do not belong to any religion.

Climate

The climate of Tanakpur is warm and temperate. Tanakpur is the city with heavy rains; Even in the driest month there is much rainfall. According to Köppen climate classification, the code of the city is 'Cfa'. The annual average temperature of Tanakpur is 24.4, and the average annual rainfall is 1739 mm. The warmest month of May year is 30.8 degree Celsius with average temperature. At 15.6 °C on average, January is the coldest month of the year. Most work is 7 mm in rainfall in April, while the highest rainfall with 528 mm is in July. The driest month, and the difference between rainfall in the driest month is 521 mm. Throughout the year, the temperature can be seen at 15.2 degree Celsius.

Economy

Tanakpur was a major trade mart of the Kumaon division in British India. The local produces of the region included Timber, Catechu, hides, honey and other minor forest produces, which were traded between November and May. The Bhotiyas used to bring down Wool and Borax from Tibet, and carried back Sugar and Clothes. Sugar and Salt, on the other hand, were imported from the Hill tracts of Almora and Nepal, in exchange for Turmeric, chillies and Ghee. By 1890, the Taklakot-Tanakpur trade route, used by the Bhotiya traders, had complete control over the wool trade of Mansarovar region.
The income from the Tanakpur depot is considered one of the major sources of income for Uttarakhand Transport Corporation.

Connectivity

By Air: The nearest airport to Tanakpur is Pantnagar Airport situated 98 km away in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand state. Taxis are available from Pantnagar Airport to Tanakpur. Pantnagar is connected to Delhi with daily flights. Pant Nagar Airport is well connected by motorable roads with Tanakpur.
By Rail: Broad gauge conversion project was completed and rail services were resumed from Tanakpur by February 2018. 24370/Tanakpur - Shaktinagar Triveni Express started from Tanakpur on February 27, 2019 and 14555/ Tanakpur - Delhi Express started on March 10, 2019. Now Tanakpur railway station is well connected to major cities of India via rail network. The North Eastern Railway has sent proposal to the railway board to start more express trains from Tanakpur to expand railway network.
The ex-railway minister of India, Mukul Roy announced in railway budget 2012 that he is pursuing the inclusion of four critical projects as national projects, which include Bilaspur–Leh line, Jammu–Poonch line, Tanakpur–Bageshwar line and Rupai Siding–Parshuram Kund line.
By Road: Tanakpur is well connected by motorable roads with major destinations of Uttarakhand state and northern India. Tanakpur Bus Depot is the largest Depot in Uttarakhand and bus services are extended up to main cities such as ISBT Anand Vihar, Dehradun, Haldwani, Gurgaon, Ghaziabad, Saharanpur, Bareilly, Meerut, Kanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Punjab, Nainital, Lucknow, Agra, Gwalior. Taxi and buses are easily available from Tanakpur to the major destinations of Uttarakhand and nearby states.

Places to stay in Tanakpur

Tanakpur is visited by up to 25 lakh people each year, mainly for purpose of visiting Purnagiri Temple, which in around 24 Kilometers from Tanakpur. Tanakpur being the last town before Purnagiri has many good hotels and guest houses for the comfort of the visitors. There is a tourist guest house by KMVN and privately owned hotels like Vishal hotel, Hotel Blue Empire, Hotel J.B., Hotel Solitaire, Hotel Parvat, Hotel Taj, Panchmukhi Dharmshala and many others.

Media

Tanakpur has an All India Radio Relay station known as Akashvani Tanakpur. It broadcasts on specified FM frequencies.

Places of interest

During Navratras, in the Chaitra month of the Indian calendar, devotees in large number come here to have their wishes fulfilled. After worshipping Mata Purnagiri, people also pay their tributes to her loyal devotee Bada Sidth Nath at Brahmadev and Mahendra Nagar in Nepal.
Situated at an astounding height of 1500 meters above the sea level, the lake Shyamala Tal is located at 22.6 km from Tanakpur main market and about 56 km from Champawat Bus station. Shyamlatal Lake covers an area of more than 1.5 km2 area. There is a famous Swami Vivekananda Ashram located on the banks of lake visited by many people around the year.