St Paul's College, University of Sydney
St Paul's College is an Anglican residential college which is affiliated with the University of Sydney in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 1856 by an 1854 act of the New South Wales Legislative Council, it is Australia's oldest university college. St Paul's is familiarly referred to as "Paul's", its residents as "Paulines" and its alumni as "Old Paulines". Alumni include prime ministers, deputy prime ministers, federal and state government ministers, High Court of Australia justices, Court of Appeal presidents and justices, Supreme Court chief justices and justices, pioneering surgeons and physicists, Australian of the Year recipients and 29 Rhodes Scholars.
The college has nearly 360 residents, of whom about 260 are undergraduate men; the remainder are postgraduate women and men undertaking further study or holding university positions. In 2019, the college opened its modern "Graduate House" community with rooms for an additional 140 postgraduate students and university academics. It retains most of its original grant and has its own oval.
History
St Paul's was the first university college in Australia. Its development followed an unsuccessful attempt by members of the Anglican Church to incorporate the earlier St James's College within the new University of Sydney, and was led by Sir Alfred Stephen.The new governing document provides for a college council with 12 fellows, four of whom must be elected Anglican clergy, six elected laymen and two appointed laymen - one of which must be a University of Sydney academic. Fellows serve six-year, renewable terms and are elected by graduates of the college who have spent at least three semesters in residence. The college is an independent body corporate, legally designated as "The Warden and Fellows of St Paul's College".
By this time the college had its own distinct intellectual tradition, foreshadowed by the founders, a liberal Anglicanism which took seriously the challenges involved in combining religious and secular knowledge and in making the English Church useful to the Australian nation. The number of Paulines from this period who are now listed in the Australian Dictionary of Biography is evidence of the way the college was in step with the times.
The original building was designed in Gothic style by English-born architect Edmund Blacket. Blacket was a distinguished ecclesiastical architect; he also designed the main university building and supervised the construction of the Catholic St John's College at the same university. Other buildings include a chapel and a residential wing designed by Clive Lucas, Stapleton & Partners which opened in 1999.
In November 2009, a Sydney paper reported that several former residents of the college were members of a Facebook group described itself as "pro-rape, anti-consent". The group was alleged by the reporter to be part of a broader culture amongst privileged youths which demeaned women in a sexist way. Warden Ivan Head issued a public response condemning the students' behaviour.
At the 2010 World University Debating Championship two former Paul's students took the title, winning the final against teams from Oxford, Harvard and the London School of Economics. Since the 1890s, the college has fostered social-justice ideals and most students are involved at some point in philanthropic activities. During the first decade of the 21st century, half the male Rhodes Scholars from Sydney University have been Paulines. In 2010, Jack Manning Bancroft was named NSW Young Australian of the Year for his work in indigenous education.
Heraldry
Officially granted by the Earl Marshal in 1961, the college coat of arms displays crossed swords and the Maltese cross to represent St Paul in the official colours of gold and gules. The college's motto, Deo Patriae Tibi, can be translated as "For God, country and yourself."Academic honours
The college boasts a long list of academic honours and its website lists many University Medallists since 2005. Its Rhodes Scholarship list is given below:- 1907Garnet Vere Portus, afterwards cleric, Professor of History and Political Science, University of Adelaide, and radio broadcaster
- 1908Richard Granville Waddy, afterwards medical practitioner
- 1911Hugh Kingsley Ward, afterwards Professor of Bacteriology, University of Sydney
- 1915Walter Ferguson Crawford, afterwards knighted, Governor of Northern Sudan
- 1920Vernon Haddon Treatt, afterwards knighted, NSW Minister for Justice and Chief Commissioner for the City of Sydney
- 1925Allan Robert Callaghan, afterwards knighted and South Australian Director of Agriculture
- 1931David Arthur Garnsey, afterwards Bishop of Gippsland
- 1935Keith Noel Everal Bradfield, afterwards OBE and Civil Aviation Advisor to the Government of Papua New Guinea
- 1939Walter Laurence Hughes, afterwards Kt, head of an engineering and shipbuilding firm and government adviser
- 1940Basil Holmes Travers, afterwards Headmaster of Shore
- 1946William Winslow Woodward, afterwards medical practitioner
- 1948Louis Walter Davies, afterwards AO and Professor of Electrical Engineering, University of NSW
- 1951Adrian Peter Henchman, afterwards Sydney solicitor
- 1953James Graham McLeod, afterwards AO and Professor of Neurology, Sydney University
- 1956John Maxwell Bailey, afterwards attached to the European Atomic Energy Commission, Geneva
- 1960Malcolm John Swinburn, afterwards a medical practitioner
- 1961Peter Garnsey, afterwards Professor of the History of Classical Antiquity, Cambridge, and Fellow of Jesus College
- 1964John Dyson Heydon, afterwards AC and High Court justice
- 1975Peter Edward King, afterwards Sydney barrister and Federal MP
- 1990Andrew Scott Bell, afterwards Sydney barrister
- 1992Scott Nixon, afterwards Sydney barrister
- 1995Peter Raymond Barnett, afterwards London barrister
- 2001Andrew Henry Charlton, afterwards Director of AlphaBeta
- 2003Benjamin Juratowitch, afterwards Paris barrister
- 2007Eric Ronald Wing-Fai Knight, afterwards Associate Professor and Pro-Vice-Chancellor, University of Sydney
- 2009Nikolas Norman Patrick Kirby, afterwards Research Fellow in Philosophy and Public Policy, Blavatnik School of Government, Oxford
- 2010David Colin Conway Llewellyn, afterwards CEO of the Good Lad Initiative and DJS Antibodies
- 2011Nathaniel Jon Ware, afterwards social impact economist
- 2013Patrick Harry Brian Bateman, afterwards management consultant and policy adviser
Wardens
Ordinal | Officeholder | Term start | Term end | Time in office | Notes |
1 | The Revd Henry Judge Hose | 1856 | 1862 | years | |
2 | The Revd William Henry Savigny | 1862 | 1865 | years | |
3 | The Revd William Scott | 1865 | 1877 | years | Former NSW government astronomer |
4 | The Revd Canon William Hey Sharp | 1878 | 1908 | years | |
5 | The Revd Lewis Bostock Radford | 1909 | 1915 | years | Afterwards Bishop of Goulburn |
6 | The Revd Canon Arthur Henry Garnsey | 1916 | 1944 | years | |
7 | The Revd Felix Raymond Arnott | 1946 | 1963 | years | Afterwards Archbishop of Brisbane |
8 | The Revd Canon Alexander Peter Bruce Bennie | 1964 | 1985 | years | |
9 | The Right Revd Maxwell McNee Thomas | 1985 | 1994 | years | Former Bishop of Wangaratta |
10 | The Revd Canon Ivan Francis Head | 1994 | 2017 | years | |
11 | Dr Donald John Markwell | 2018 | 2019 | years | Former Warden of Rhodes House, Oxford |
12 | The Revd Dr Edward Loane | 2020 | years |
Controversy
In 2009 a "pro-rape" Facebook page was formed by a group of past and present St Paul's students. The page described itself as "anti-consent". For this, the students of St Paul's received the 2009 Ernie Awards for sexist behaviour.In June 2012, an article critical of one of St Paul's dinner events appeared in a local Australian newspaper. The controversy was over an event with the theme "End of the British Raj". When the college students arrived in the dress code, they were met by the usual college catering staff, of Indian and south Asian descent, dressed in colourful traditional cultural garments following which the university student newspaper protested against it in a letter, "British Raj beyond bad taste". On 6 June 2012, the University Student Representative Council passed a motion condemning the themed party by writing a letter to the college's spokesman and the warden asking for an explanation. Later, many Indian media groups covered this news with copies of the original Sydney Morning Herald article.
Allegations of systemic sexism and misogyny surfaced again in 2017 following a post on the College's Facebook page which compared women to "harpooned whales". The college had refused to participate in a University-wide review into culture led by Elizabeth Broderick. Michael Spence, the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Sydney raised concerns regarding the "deep contempt for women" and the "cultural problems" at the college. In June 2017 Ivan Head, the Warden of the College, who had been in the role for 22 years, retired amid concerns regarding his leadership.
Appearing on 60 Minutes in July 2017, the parents of Stuart Kelly, the brother of one-punch attack victim Thomas Kelly who committed suicide in 2016, stated that Kelly had been subjected to hazing and bullying at the college. Kathy Kelly stated "He went off to university at Sydney, for one night at a college, and he came home a different person the following day... He was broken."
Again the college came in for sustained criticism after the release of "The Red Zone" report by Nina Funnell on 26 February 2017. Reportedly, some rituals allegedly involved male students at Sydney University's residential colleges masturbating into shampoo bottles belonging to female students and defecating in hallways. In particular, Funnell called for the criminalisation of hazing rituals at colleges like St Paul's. Her call for the criminalisation of that conduct follows public comments by Kathy and Ralph Kelly that they believe their son, Stuart Kelly, committed suicide as a result of hazing rituals at the college in 2016. In response, Spence said the University would support a coronial inquest into Stuart's death. Following Broderick's review into College Culture at the University of Sydney's Colleges, St Paul's released a response in which it indicated it would address all recommendations.