In Asturias, where the UGT and the CNT were especially active, there had been a kind of Libertarian socialistrevolution. The isolation of the northern front, 200 kilometers from the closest republican positions, with a shortage of war and food supplies, caused local powers to assume command of militias and coin minting, functions that were previously the responsibility of the republican government. On June 1936, a war committee was established in Gijón by the anarchists of the CNT and chaired by Segundo Blanco, it had war, transportation, supply and health commissions. Meanwhile, in Sama de Langreo, a popular committee of socialist predominance had also emerged, this was chaired by Ramón González Peña.
History
The Interprovincial Council of Asturias and León was born on 6 September 1936, by accord of the anarchist and socialists, and with representation of all the republican forces in Asturias. On 23 December 1936, the Second Spanish Republic government recognized the Interprovincial Council of Asturias and León as well as other councils in the country as autonomous entities. Independence was declared on 24 August 1937, when the city ofSantander fell to Nationalist forces, leaving the remaining republican forces in Asturias isolated several hundred miles from those republican forces in the southern and eastern parts of Spain. The leaders of the new nation claimed that action of declaring independence was not be a move of defiance against the Republican government, but rather an attempt to concentrate the local defense against Franco's forces in the War in the North campaign. The Sovereign Council issued divisional notes as there was not enough currency due to the isolation of Asturias. These bills were popularly known as belarminos. The tensions created led to clashes between some counselors. The idea of independence was supported by Belarmino Tomás and the majority of leaders of PSOE, as well as by Segundo Blanco and other officials of the CNT. Rafael Fernández Álvarez condemned the decree of sovereignty but continued to occupy his governmental post. The two representatives of the UGT had a different opinion each. The PCE criticized the decision and the advisers of the Republican Left rejected it completely. The Government of the Republic actively censored the Sovereign Council, especially when it addressed the League of Nations. Aid to continue resistance against Franco's forces was requested of the Republican government, then based in Valencia, and although military aid was sent, it arrived the day before the fall of Gijón to the Nationalist forces and the end of the provisional government on 20 October 1937. The different services of the administration were organized until the time of evacuation on the night of October 20, 1937, the last meeting of the Sovereign Council was held earlier that day. The next day, the troops of the fascist side entered Gijón.
Organization
Legacy
On the republican side the cause of the loss of the north were analyzed, the article entitled Why the North was lost? emphasizes the lack of unity and political decisions that damaged military plans, highlighting the almost total passivity of Madrid in the defense of the north. The city of Gijón proudly proclaims its resistance to Franco's forces and its temporary role as the seat of anti-Franco resistance in northern Spain to this day.
