Serengeti volcanic grasslands


The Serengeti volcanic grasslands is a tropical grassland ecoregion of Tanzania. The Serengeti volcanic grasslands are distinctive grasslands growing on deposits of volcanic ash in northern Tanzania. It includes the eastern portion of Serengeti National Park and areas south and east of the Ngorongoro Highlands.

Geology

The Serengeti volcanic grasslands are an edaphic plant community that grows on soils derived from volcanic ash. The eruption of the now-extinct Kerimasi volcano 150,000 years ago deposited huge amounts of fine whitish-grey ash. More recent eruptions of the Ol Doinyo Lengai volcano deepened the ash deposits. These ash deposits hardened with time, creating layers of calcareous tuff and calcitic hard-pan soil. The flat or slightly undulating plains are interrupted here and there by rocky kopjes, outcrops of the underlying Precambrian rocks.

Flora

Characteristic grass species include Andropogon greenwayi, Chloris gayana, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria macroblephara, Eragrostis tenuifolia, Eustachys paspaloides, Microchloa kunthii, Panicum coloratum, Pennisetum mezianum, Pennisetum stramineum, Sporobolus ioclados, and Themeda triandra.