Samut khoi


Samut khoi or samut thai are a type of folding-book manuscript which were historically widely used in many Buddhist cultures, including Cambodia, Laos, Sri Lanka and Thailand, as well as in Myanmar, where they are known as parabaik. The techniques used in their production came probably from the ancient kingdom of Ceylon. They are usually made with the paper of the Siamese rough bush or khoi tree, and are not bound like Western books but are folded in an accordion style. Samut khoi are made either with black paper, or with white paper. The use of samut khoi in Thailand dates to the Sukhothai period. They were usually used for secular texts including royal chronicles, legal documents and works of literature, while palm-leaf manuscripts were more commonly used for religious texts.

Khmer paper books

The paper used for the Khmer books, known as kraing, was made from the bark of the mulberry tree. In what we now know as Cambodia, the kraing literature was stored in pagodas across the country. During the Cambodian civil war and the subsequent Khmer Rouge regime of the 1960s and 1970s, as much as 80% of the pagodas in Cambodia were destroyed, including their libraries. In Cambodia, only a tiny fraction of the original kraing of the Khmer Empire has survived.