Safiental
Safiental is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. The municipalities of Valendas, Versam, Safien and Tenna merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Safiental.
History
Valendas is first mentioned in 765 as in Valendano. Versam is first mentioned in 1050 as a valle Versamia. Safien is first mentioned in 1219 as Stosavia. Tenna is first mentioned in 1398 as Thena.Formerly inhabited by Romansh speakers, it was settled by the Walser in the late 13th century. Population fell from 1,798 in 1850 to 994 in 1980 and has since stabilized just around 1,000.
Geography
Safiental has an area, of. Of this area, about 38.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 31.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.2% is settled and 29.0% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of or about 0.4% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of over the 1984/85 amount.Of the agricultural land, is used for orchards and vineyards, is fields and grasslands and consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1984/85 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by. Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by. Rivers and lakes cover in the municipality.
The municipality contains the Safien valley, an alpine valley of the Canton of Graubünden, branching off the Vorderrhein valley.
Safien had an area,, of. Of this area, 45.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 18.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.8% is settled and the remainder is non-productive. Safien was the capital of the Safien sub-district of the Surselva district in the mid and upper Safien valley. The valley is drained by the Rabiusa river. The former municipality consists of the village of Safien-Platz and scattered hamlets and single farm houses throughout the valley.
Tenna had an area,, of. Of this area, 45.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 34% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.1% is settled and the remainder is non-productive. It is a German-speaking collection of small settlements on a terrace above the west side of the Safien valley. It consists of the village of Tenna which is made up of the sections of Ausserberg, Mitte and Innerberg as well as the hamlets of Acla and Egschi along the valley road.
Valendas had an area,, of. Of this area, 21.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 48.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.8% is settled and the remainder is non-productive. It is located above the right side of the Vorderrhein canyon. It consists of the haufendorf village of Valendas and the hamlets of Carrera, Brün, Dutjen and Turisch.
Versam had an area,, of. Of this area, 16.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 70.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2% is settled and the remainder is non-productive. It is located above the Vorderrhein canyon at the entrance to the Safien Valley. It consists of the linear village of Versam and the hamlets of Versam-Station, Arezen, Calörtsch and Sculms.
Demographics
Safiental has a population of. , 5.6% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 5 years the population has changed at a rate of -5.49%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2015, was 15.6, while the death rate was 7.8 per thousand residents., children and teenagers make up 21.8% of the population, while adults are 54.7% of the population and seniors make up 23.5%. In 2015 there were 380 single residents, 406 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 55 widows or widowers and 55 divorced residents.
In 2015 there were 359 private households in Safiental with an average household size of 2.49 persons. In 2015 about 60.5% of all buildings in the municipality were single family homes, which is greater than the percentage in the canton and about the same as the percentage nationally. In 2014 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 3.35. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0.8%.
Historic Population
The historical population is given in the following chart:Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray
id:darkgrey value:gray
ImageSize = width:1100 height:500
PlotArea = top:10 left:100 bottom:90 right:100
Legend = columns:3 left:220 top:70 columnwidth:160
AlignBars = justify
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:1800
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:400 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:80 start:0
Colors=
id:VA value:yellowgreen legend:Valendas
id:VE value:green legend:Versam
id:SA value:blue legend:Safien
id:TE value:red legend:Tenna
PlotData=
color:yellowgreen width:30 mark: align:center
bar:1850 from: 0 till:555 text:"555" color:VA
bar:1860 from: 0 till:529 text:"529" color:VA
bar:1870 from: 0 till:492 text:"492" color:VA
bar:1880 from: 0 till:477 text:"477" color:VA
bar:1890 from: 0 till:463 text:"463" color:VA
bar:1900 from: 0 till:499 text:"499" color:VA
bar:1910 from: 0 till:478 text:"478" color:VA
bar:1920 from: 0 till:481 text:"481" color:VA
bar:1930 from: 0 till:437 text:"437" color:VA
bar:1940 from: 0 till:463 text:"463" color:VA
bar:1950 from: 0 till:441 text:"441" color:VA
bar:1960 from: 0 till:417 text:"417" color:VA
bar:1970 from: 0 till:353 text:"353" color:VA
bar:1980 from: 0 till:294 text:"294" color:VA
bar:1990 from: 0 till:292 text:"292" color:VA
bar:2000 from: 0 till:294 text:"294" color:VA
bar:1850 from: 555 till:951 text:"396" color:VE
bar:1860 from: 529 till:901 text:"372" color:VE
bar:1870 from: 492 till:840 text:"348" color:VE
bar:1880 from: 477 till:842 text:"365" color:VE
bar:1890 from: 463 till:853 text:"390" color:VE
bar:1900 from: 499 till:815 text:"316" color:VE
bar:1910 from: 478 till:805 text:"327" color:VE
bar:1920 from: 481 till:850 text:"369" color:VE
bar:1930 from: 437 till:775 text:"338" color:VE
bar:1940 from: 463 till:831 text:"368" color:VE
bar:1950 from: 441 till:795 text:"354" color:VE
bar:1960 from: 417 till:719 text:"302" color:VE
bar:1970 from: 353 till:628 text:"275" color:VE
bar:1980 from: 294 till:565 text:"271" color:VE
bar:1990 from: 292 till:561 text:"269" color:VE
bar:2000 from: 294 till:549 text:"255" color:VE
bar:1850 from: 951 till:1636 text:"685" color:SA
bar:1860 from: 901 till:1507 text:"606" color:SA
bar:1870 from: 840 till:1439 text:"599" color:SA
bar:1880 from: 842 till:1388 text:"546" color:SA
bar:1890 from: 853 till:1379 text:"526" color:SA
bar:1900 from: 815 till:1270 text:"455" color:SA
bar:1910 from: 805 till:1246 text:"441" color:SA
bar:1920 from: 850 till:1278 text:"428" color:SA
bar:1930 from: 775 till:1187 text:"412" color:SA
bar:1940 from: 831 till:1276 text:"445" color:SA
bar:1950 from: 795 till:1248 text:"453" color:SA
bar:1960 from: 719 till:1174 text:"455" color:SA
bar:1970 from: 628 till:974 text:"346" color:SA
bar:1980 from: 565 till:873 text:"308" color:SA
bar:1990 from: 561 till:904 text:"343" color:SA
bar:2000 from: 549 till:857 text:"308" color:SA
bar:1850 from: 1636 till:1798 text:"162" color:TE
bar:1860 from: 1507 till:1655 text:"148" color:TE
bar:1870 from: 1439 till:1585 text:"146" color:TE
bar:1880 from: 1388 till:1530 text:"142" color:TE
bar:1890 from: 1379 till:1532 text:"153" color:TE
bar:1900 from: 1270 till:1400 text:"130" color:TE
bar:1910 from: 1246 till:1384 text:"138" color:TE
bar:1920 from: 1278 till:1407 text:"129" color:TE
bar:1930 from: 1187 till:1322 text:"135" color:TE
bar:1940 from: 1276 till:1402 text:"126" color:TE
bar:1950 from: 1248 till:1389 text:"141" color:TE
bar:1960 from: 1174 till:1302 text:"128" color:TE
bar:1970 from: 974 till:1107 text:"133" color:TE
bar:1980 from: 873 till:994 text:"121" color:TE
bar:1990 from: 904 till:1000 text:"96" color:TE
bar:2000 from: 857 till:936 text:"79" color:TE
Heritage sites of national significance
The Türelihus and the Haus Joos with attached barn in Valendas and the Swiss Reformed Church in Tenna are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance.The Türelihus is located in the center of Valendas and is one of the most historically valuable houses in the village. The interior contains many of the original furnishings from the Renaissance and Baroque eras. The original building was constructed in 1485. In 1554 it was expanded, this expansion was known as the Renaissance phase, with a spiral staircase within a tower and a stable was added to the north side. In 1775 it was renovated in the baroque style. The four-story building was abandoned for many years and had begun to decay. In 1994, the first attempt to renovate this building ended with only the addition of a temporary roof.
The oldest part of the Haus Joos may date to about 1300. The attached barn has a date of 1572 carved into it. However, the building is currently in poor condition and has not been used for a number of years.