SNCF Class X 3800
The SNCF X 3800 class are diesel railcars with an elevated off-center control cabin. It is often said that they were nicknamed “Picassos” because the off-center cabin was reminiscent of paintings by Pablo Picasso featuring faces where the eyes and nose were completely offset. The nickname may though have come from the number of early paint schemes applied to the class.
The X3800 served on secondary lines all over the French rail network. The elevated control cabin allowed the railcars to operate in forward and reverse modes, allowing for ease of operation. One example is preserved at the Cité du Train.
Technical Details
The X 3800 featured a mechanical transmission with a truck-type clutch and gearbox. The units had a 20m long carbody that rested on two bogies, and weighed 34 tonnes. They ran at speeds of up to . They could haul unpowered trailers and could be operated singly or twinned with other units. The direct mechanical engine controls required each powered unit to have its own driver so they could not be operated as true multiple units. Units were built with two types of diesel engines: Renault 517 diesel powered units 3801 to 3835 and a Saurer BZDS diesel powered units 3836 to 3856. The units were designed to be robust and simple, often parked outside in the winter. The driver sat facing sideways in a raised cabin above the engine compartment, accessed from the baggage compartment. The main mechanical controls were directly connected by levers to the diesel engine, clutch and gearbox. The units were widely used from the 1950s to the 1980s, particularly on secondary lines with often poorer quality track than the main lines, at a lower cost than comparable steam trains of the era. The units were reliable and, from the end opposite the engine compartment, offered passengers a wide-open view of the track. The diesel engines produced 300 hp and were water-cooled. The X 3800 burned 50–55 litres of diesel fuel per 100 km, giving the unit a range of about. The car bodies were of welded construction.The X 3800 were built from 1950 to 1961. 251 units were built, given unit numbers X 3801 to X 4051 by the SNCF. Each X 3800 could hold 62 passengers, with smoking and non-smoking compartments, a toilet, and a baggage area located behind the engine compartment
Routes Served
The X 3800 units were used on the majority of non-electrified lines across the entirety of France. Some of the routes served include:- Laroche-Migennes - Corbigny
- Nantes - Saint-Nazaire
- Annemasse - Genève-Eaux-Vives
- Annemasse - Bellegarde
- Bellegarde -Divonne-les-Bains
- Montchanin - Besançon
- Besançon - Bourg-en-Bresse
- Lyon - Bourg-en-Bresse
- Valence - Grenoble - Chambéry - Aix-les-Bains
- Nevers -Montchanin - Le Creusot
- Épinal - Saint-Dié-des-Vosges
- Épinal - Remiremont
- Saintes - La Rochelle
- Nice - Cannes
- Caen - Argentan
- Nantes - Saint-Nazaire
- Poitiers - La Rochelle
- La Rochelle - Saintes
- Rouen - Le Havre
- Charleville-Mézières - Givet
- Belfort - Mulhouse
- Sarrebourg - Abreschviller
- Vierzon - Montluçon
- Nevers - Montchanin
- Cahors - Capdenac
- Cahors - Montauban
- Agen - Montauban
- Gare de Dinant - Charleville-Mézières
- Paris - Dreux
- Paris-Est - Sézanne
- Navettes Freyming-Merlebach - Petite-Rosselle
- Navettes Paris-Est - Paris-Ourcq
- Villefranche - Perpignan
- Bollwiller - Lautenbach
Base Depots
- Bordeaux
- Chalindrey
- Châlons-sur-Marne
- Chalon-sur-Saône
- Clermont-Ferrand
- Douai
- Evreux
- La Plaine
- La Rochelle - Bongraine
- Laroche-Migennes
- Le Mans-Pontlieue
- Limoges
- Longueau
- Lyon-Perrache
- Lyon-Vaise
- Marseille-Blancarde
- Marseille-Saint-Charles
- Mohon
- Nancy-Heillecourt
- Nantes
- Narbonne
- Nevers
- Nice-Saint-Roch
- Noisy-le-Sec
- Rouen-Orléans
- Rennes
- Rouge-Barres, près de Lille
- Saintes
- Sotteville
- Tours-Saint-Pierre
- Vesoul
- Vitry-le-François
Notable Units
- X 3823 was seen in the film Les Vacances du petit Nicolas
- X 3953 was renumbered to X 93953 blue and white for the ligne de Bréauté - Beuzeville à Fécamp, then renumbered back to X 3953.
- X 3896 was rebuilt on the 23 of July, 1976, by the "Ateliers de Périgueux" into a rail inspection vehicle, replacing the X 42511. As a result, it received a green livery, underlined by grey lines. Since 1988, this unit has been used by the Service de la Recherche for work on the "ASTREE" project, an early iteration of the ERTMS signalling system.
- X 3900 underwent the same rebuilding as X 3896 in 1976. In 1993, it was purchased by "l'Autorail Touristique du Minervois", held at the Clermont-Ferrand depot before operating on behalf of the "Chemins de Fer de la Haute Auvergne" in 1997. Since then, it has been stationed at Bort-les-Orgues and is undergoing an exterior refurbishment.
- X 3997 was rebuilt into a SNCF maintenance vehicle, and received a green & grey livery with orange bands. Initially, it was used for signalling maintenance/installation, later being equipped with special rail resistance-detecting wheels. In the 1990s, it was used for shunting tasks.
- An engine of this class was seen in the movie Le Corniaud
Preserved Units
Operating
- X 3814 : Train touristique de Puisaye-Forterre
- X 3817 : Chemin de fer touristique de la vallée de l'Aa
- X 3823 : Chemin de Fer de la Vendée
- X 3824 : FACS confié à l'AGRIVAP
- X 3835 : Train touristique de Puisaye-Forterre
- X 3837 : Chemin de fer touristique de la Vallée de la Canner
- X 3838 : Chemin de Fer Touristique du Sud des Ardennes
- X 3850 : Chemin de Fer Touristique du Sud des Ardennes
- X 3853 : Chemin de fer touristique de la vallée de l'Aa
- X 3867 : Agrivap, ex Train Touristique du Mont des Avaloirs, racheté par Agrivap en 2000, remis en service depuis juin 2001. Visible dans le film Être et Avoir.
- X 3886 : ARE, puis revendu à l'association "Les Autorails de Bourgogne et de Franche-Comté"
- X 3890 : Association Chemins de fer du Centre-Bretagne
- X 3898 : Chemin de Fer Touristique du Sud des Ardennes
- X 3900 : Autorail de Commandement, basé à Bort-les-Orgues par l'association des Chemins de Fer de la Haute Auvergne Gentiane Express
- X 3926 : Anciennement CFTS, aujourd'hui rénové avec 1st class entièrement d'origine par le TFBCO en vue d'une exploitation sur Mézy-Montmirail
- X 3943 : Chemin de Fer Touristique du Sud des Ardennes
- X 3944 : Restored on the 14 of May, 2001 by Train du Pays Cathare et du Fenouillèdes. En 2015, il est en cours de restauration intégrale et de réaménagement.
- X 3953 : Train touristique de la Sarthe TRANSVAP - ancien X 93953 bleu et blanc
- X 3959 : Undergoing restoration by
- X 3968 : Chemin de fer touristique du Haut Quercy
- X 3976 : Train touristique du centre-Var, Carnoules
- X 3998 : Chemin de Fer à vapeur des Trois Vallées Mariembourg
- X 4001 : Chemin de Fer du Haut Forez
- X 4039 : Autorails de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, the only unit certified by the réseau ferré national and for
- X 4046 : Association Autorail Lorraine Champagne Ardenne
Non-operable, preserved for parts, or scrapped
- X 3801 : Chemin de Fer Touristique des Hautes Falaises
- X 3810 : Train touristique du centre-Var
- X 3818 : Chemin de Fer Touristique de la Traconne
- X 3825 : Train touristique du Cotentin, sold in 1998 to Quercyrail
- X 3846 : Chemin de Fer Touristique du Minervois
- X 3847 : Musée de Mulhouse, front third preserved - front compartment, motor and driver's cabin
- X 3865 : Train touristique de l'Ardèche méridionale, association Viaduc 07.
- X 3866 : Chemin de fer touristique du Vermandois
- X 3871 : Train touristique de Puisaye-Forterre
- X 3876 : Auberge du chemin de Fer de Lanester
- X 3897 : ACTA
- X 3907 : Tourism unit Étretat-Pays de Caux
- X 3934 : Agrivap.
- X 3937 : Association de modélistes Rambolitrain, Rambouillet
- X 3997 : Rail inspection vehicle
- X 4013 : Served as a locker room for a night club in the old Sancerre station
- X 4025 : Preserved by the ABFC in Perrigny-lès-Dijon
- X 4028 : CFT du Minervois, in Narbonne - Stationed by TPCF at Caudiès
- X 4042 : Musée de la Mine du Carreau Wendel
- X 4051 : CFTA-Carhaix
Model Renditions