Rosehip neuron
Rosehip neurons are inhibitory GABAergic neurons present in the first layer of the human cerebral cortex. They make up about 10-15% of all inhibitory neurons in Layer 1. Neurons of this type exist in humans, but have not been reported in rodents.
An international group of scientists discovered Rosehip neurons and announced their discovery in August 2018. These authors contributed equally to this work: Eszter Boldog, Trygve E. Bakken, and Rebecca D. Hodge.
Rosehip neurons are named after the rose hip fruit due to the axon terminal's resemblance to the berries of rose hip.
These rosehip cells show an immunohistochemical profile matching a single transcriptomically defined cell type whose specific molecular marker signature is not seen in mouse cortex. Rosehip cells in layer 1 make homotypic gap junctions, predominantly target apical dendritic shafts of layer 3 pyramidal neurons, and inhibit backpropagating pyramidal action potentials in microdomains of the dendritic tuft. These cells are therefore positioned for potent local control of distal dendritic computation in cortical pyramidal neurons.
