The rook rifle, originally called the rook and rabbit rifle, is an obsolete English single-shot small calibre rifle intended for shooting small game, particularly rook shooting.
Design
The rook rifle was designed to be light enough to be carried for a walk inthe country, accurate and powerful enough to take small game and usually elegant in balance, fit and finish. Almost alwayssingle shot, various actions were used including break-open actions, but the miniature Martini, a scaled-down version of the militaryMartini-Henry, was a favourite due to its strength and accuracy. The first rook rifles fired calibre bullets, although subsequently a number of cartridges were developed for this purpose ranging in calibre from and firing bullets at the usual black powder velocities of.
History
The rook rifle was developed in 1883 by the gun-makers Holland & Holland as a breech-loading equivalent of the muzzleloading pea rifle. Holland & Holland made a particular specialty of producing rook rifles, reportedly selling around 5,000 of them in the late 1800s. Westley Richards and W.W. Greener were also noted for their rook rifles. Rook rifles was used extensively both in Britain and throughout the British Empire with large numbers being exported to many Commonwealth countries and colonial territories. The rise in popularity of the.22 Long Rifle cartridge in the United Kingdom spelled the end of the rook rifle and its cartridges; due to its combination of accuracy, lower noise, and economy,.22 LR superseded the various English centrefire rook rifle rounds in the early 1900s. Over the same period miniature rifle target shooting moved towards shorter ranges and indoor competitions, again being better suited to the.22 Long Rifle round. Due to the increasing scarcity of rook rifle cartridges, many rook rifles were converted to smoothbore shotguns, usually to.410 bores, and many others were sleeved down to calibre.
Use
As indicated by its name, the rook rifle's intended quarry was small game including rooks and rabbits. The rook tends to live in colonies known as rookeries, which over time grow and become nuisances in country areas. In rural Britain it was previously the practice to hold rook shoots where the juvenile birds, known as branchers, were shot before they were able to fly. These events were both very social and a source of food as the rook and rabbit pie was considered a great delicacy. Whilst usually limited to smaller game, the larger calibre cartridges are very capable for hunting larger game such as roe deer, smaller antelope and similar sized game.
