RCC was established in November 1970 by vote of the electorate of Josephine County. On May 21, 1996, voters in Jackson and Josephine counties approved expansion of Rogue's boundaries to include all of Jackson County, for the purpose of providing a wider range of educational programs, job-training opportunities, and greater college access for students throughout the Rogue Valley. The campus originally was constructed in the late 1960s as a federal training facility known as the Fort Vannoy Job Corps Training Center. The campus of wood-framed buildings was remodeled in 1989, along with several more recently constructed buildings providing additional classrooms and modern laboratory space. Dr. Cathy Kemper-Pelle became the institution's sixth president on July 1, 2016.
RCC has campuses in the cities of Grants Pass, Oregon, Medford, Oregon, and White City, Oregon. The campus located in Grants Pass is known as the Redwood Campus, the campus located in Medford is known as the Riverside Campus, and the campus located in White City is known as the Table Rock Campus. The Redwood Campus is located west of the city of Grants Pass on an wooded site just off the Redwood Highway. The Riverside Campus is located in downtown Medford, at 9th, Bartlett, and Riverside streets. The three-building complex houses classrooms, labs, Student and Community Services and library services. There are two additional facilities nearby: The Fir Street Learning Center at 30 S. First Street, and the D Building, located at 313 E. Eighth Street. The Table Rock Campus opened to students Fall term 2005. It is located at 7800 Pacific Avenue, White City. Classes that had formerly been offered at the VA Domiciliary in White City are now available at the Table Rock Campus. An additional facility adjacent to the Table Rock Campus, the High Technology Center, which opened on September 2018, houses the Welding, Manufacturing and Mechatronics programs. As a public institution, RCC collects funds from property taxes, the state of Oregon, any relevant grants or levies, as well as tuition.
Athletics
RCC started its athletic programs in 2013 with men's and women's soccer. The team name is called the "Ospreys". They were not a member of the Northwest Athletic Association of Community Colleges. However, in November 2014, the RCC board of trustees officially approved intercollegiate athletics at the institution starting initially with men's and women's soccer and cross country. It discontinued its cross country and long-distance track programs in 2018 and added a women's volleyball team in 2019.