After graduation from Juilliard, he joined Dance Theatre of Harlem as an apprentice. Under the tutelage of Arthur Mitchell, Dance Theatre of Harlem's founder and Artistic Director, he rose through the ranks to become a Principal Dancer, featured in a wide variety of roles and repertory, including George Balanchine, Jerome Robbins, Garth Fagan, Alvin Ailey, Alonzo King, and Billy Wilson. After creating a work for the Dance Theatre of Harlem School Ensemble, Mitchell invited Garland to create a work for the Dance Theatre of Harlem Company. Upon Mitchell's retirement from the stage, Garland was appointed by him to run the Dance Theatre of Harlem School, and also became the organization’s first Resident Choreographer.
Work outside of Dance Theatre of Harlem
He has set new and established works for New York City Ballet, Oakland Ballet, and others. He is the first black choreographer to create a work for the Royal Ballet of London. In London, two of his works were chosen by the Telegraph newspaper among the "Top Ten Dance Events" of the London Dance Season. His commercial work has included music videos, commercials and short films, including the children’s television show Sesame Street, a Nike commercial, featuring New York YankeesDerek Jeter, the NAACP Image Awards, a short film for designer Donna Karan, and the “Charmin Cha-Cha” for Procter & Gamble. He has worked for Angelo Ellerbee's PR firm Double XXposure Firm. A highlight during this time was his work as the personal coach for R&B singer Jaheim for his song and video "Just In Case" from his debut album. It ended up being a platinum success. It has sold over 1,000,000 copies. Garland is a recipient of the Building Brick Award from the New York Chapter of the National Urban League, and is a member of the historic Abyssinian Baptist Church in Harlem, where the Rev. Dr. Calvin O. Butts III is Pastor. For the church Garland choreographed a tribute for Reverend Butts, a one-time only performance for Abyssinian’s White Tie Gala in November 2009, celebrating the church’s 200th Anniversary. From 2004 to 2011, Garland was the Primary Instructor for the Kennedy Center – Dance Theatre of Harlem Residency Program in Washington D.C. Recently he choreographed a work for Misty Copeland, performed by her and her partner Matthew Prescott, appearing at the Vail International Dance Festival, and the Gala of Stars in Cincinnati, Ohio. Garland has also taught for the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater Company and Ailey II, and recently created a work for the sophomores of the Alvin Ailey\Fordham University Program. In 2013, rumors began that Robert Garland will soon be starting his own company, once he finds proper backing.
Personal life
Robert Garland has two sisters: Lana Garland, a film writer and producer, and Robin Kim Garland Bandura, a physical therapist.