On 6 January 1903, incorporation papers were filed for Riverside Amusement Company with the State of Indiana. The list of company directors included William Jineson, Elmore E. Gregg and Frederick Ingersoll, J. Clyde Power and Albert Leiber. The following May, the park opened and was an immediate success. One of Ingersoll's signature figure 8 roller coasters was one of several attractions pulling in the crowds in the park's early days; another was a looking-glassmaze. The park's first manager, Frank P. Thomas, Sr., decided not to charge an admission fee for entry onto the grounds, opting to charge the patrons by the individual ride. Despite Ingersoll's turning his attention away from Riverside Amusement Park and toward his plans for Rocky Glen Park and Indianola Park, Power and the directors of the Riverside Amusement Company quickly added an Old Mill ride in which boats were ridden through a darkened tunnel into a replica of a working flour mill. In 1906, J.S. Sandy became the new manager and hired 120 men to expand and update the park. Live entertainment added to the throngs as Sandy arranged for increased streetcar service into the park. On 6 May 1906, opening day for the park's fourth season, approximately 30,000 people visited the park, according to Sandy. Two weeks later, a second competing amusement park, Wonderland, opened its gates to the public. By the end of the year another, White City, opened along the White River, north of the Indianapolis city limit. The three-way rivalry involving Riverside Amusement Park, Wonderland, and White City intensified over the next two years. Attractions and rides were being added in an increasing rate: an "aerial swing," a Japanese bowling alley, a "Gee Whiz", an electric carousel, a miniature railway, various arcade and carnival games... and a massive shoot-the-chutes ride. Each new ride was bedecked with lighting similar to that of the Luna Parks. Riverside Amusement Park also benefitted from the increased popularity of its skating rink, dancing pavilion, canoes, and rowboats - each generating revenues as the park's new rivals spent thousands of dollars with new attractions and rides. The last notable addition under the aegis of J.S. Sandy was the bathing beach, opened in 1910.
Ownership change
In 1919, the park had new ownership. Lewis Coleman, a lawyer who provided legal advice to the Riverside Amusement Company and took payment in the form of company stock, organized the Riverside Exhibition Company and gained control of the park. With Coleman as president, the park added two large roller coasters, installed Dodgem cars, replaced the miniature railroad with a longer one, expanded the dancing pavilion and converted it into a roller skating rink, and housed the games and concessions in new concrete buildings. The additional investments reversed the park's trend in declining attendance over the previous decade. Lewis also instituted a "whites only" policy in the park, permitting African Americans access to the park only on designated days. It would remain in effect for almost 50 years. In 1939, control of the park was passed from Lewis Coleman to his son, John. The younger Coleman kept the park alive through the World War II years by sponsoring wartime relief programs to military families and emphasizing patriotism in his park's publicity. Riverside Amusement Park's attendance increased after the end of World War II and the return of the region's troops to their home. The residents of Indianapolis gained in mobility and in leisure activity. An estimated one million people visited the park's midway and skating rink in 1952. By the end of the decade, Coleman added new attractions and rides, including one that became popular in the newly opened Disneyland, an automobile turnpike ride. Ironically, theme parks like Disneyland and the private automobile also proved to be two major contributors to the demise of the park less than two decades later.
Demise of the park
The decade of the 1960s was not a kind one for Riverside Amusement Park, which was losing attendance for the first time since the end of World War II. By the time John Coleman lifted the "whites only" policy, the park was losing $30,000 a year. Increased cost of insurance, maintenance, and new rides, coupled with increased competition from the emerging theme parks, were cited by Coleman as the park closed for the last time at the end of the 1970 season. All the rides were sold or demolished by 1978. The land lay undisturbed for more than two decades, until the construction of the River's Edge subdivision in the early 2000s.
