The Regnenses, Regni or Regini were a civitas of Roman Britain. Their capital was Noviomagus Reginorum, known today as Chichester in modern West Sussex.
Before the Roman conquest their land and capital appear to have been part of the territory of the Atrebates, possibly as part of a confederation of tribes. It has been suggested that, after the first phase of the conquest, the Romans maintained the Atrebates as a nominally independent client kingdom, acting as a buffer between the Roman province in the east and the unconquered tribes to the west. The ruler of the kingdom was Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus: Tacitus says "quaedam civitates Cogidumno regi donatae " and remarks on his loyalty. A 1st century inscription found in Chichester supplies his Latin names, indicating he was given Roman citizenship by Claudius or Nero. Cogidubnus may have been a relative of Verica, the Atrebatian king whose overthrow was the excuse for the conquest. After Cogidubnus's death, the kingdom would have been incorporated into the directly ruled Roman province and divided into several civitates, including the Atrebates, Belgae, and Regnenses.
Name
The name *Regnenses is a modern guess based on three actually observed names: Ptolemy 2,3,28 Ρηγνοι, people with one πολις at Νοιομαγος ; Ravenna CosmographyNavimago regentium ; and Antonine ItineraryRegno, at the end of iter 7. The idea that there was a civitas with a Latin name meaning "people of the kingdom" has attracted criticism. For example: "Even the reading of the genitive plural tribe name in Regnentium is a tendentious emendation... To go further and turn all this into Regnenses, 'The People of the Kingdom', is more than rash... The tribal name in Ptolemy is Regnoi, Rignoi, or Reginoi... It is proposed... that this was British Regini". "This is surely right". "This...is the more acceptable", adding a comparison with Gaulish Regin or Old WelshRegin, originating from a British word Regini meaning "the proud ones, the stiff ones". Likewise, the theory that Cogidubnus was created legatus, a rank only ever given to senators, is based on reconstructing the damaged Chichester inscription to read as Cogidubni regis legati Augusti in Britannia. It more probably reads Cogidubni regis magni Britanniae .
