In 2011, Gaines was elected to the House by defeating a "No Party" candidate, Russ Wise, 5,677 votes to 2,548. In the nonpartisan blanket primary held the preceding month, Gaines led with 41 percent, and three other Democratic candidates were eliminated. The seat was vacated by the Republican incumbent, Nickie Monica, but no GOP candidates sought the position, which was impacted by redistricting. Gaines ran unsuccessfully for the House in 2007 and was eliminated in the primary contest. Representative Gaines is a member of the House Democratic Caucus and the Legislative Black Caucus. He carries a heavy schedule of House committees: Civil Law and Procedure, Homeland Security, House and Governmental Affairs, Judiciary, and Military and Veterans Affairs. Gaines' ratings from the Louisiana Association of Business and Industry have ranged from 30 to 67 percent over the years he has been a legislator. In 2012, the National Federation of Independent Business scored him 33 percent. In 2013 and 2014, the conservativeLouisiana Family Forum scored him 43 and 25 percent, respectively. LouisianaRight to Life has rated him 50 to 100 percent since he entered the legislature. He did not vote in 2014 to require that abortion providers have hospital admitting privileges near their clinic; only five House members voted against the measure. Gaines ranks 100 percent from the Louisiana Association of Educators. Gaines voted in 2014 to extend the time for implementation of the Common Core State Standards Initiative. He voted against the requirement that companies must give public notice of proposed hydraulic fracking. He did not vote on the matter of halting the transportation of dogs in open truck beds on interstate highways. He voted for the repeal the anti-sodomy laws; the measure failed in the House, 27-67. He voted against the concealed carry of weapons in restaurants that serve alcoholic beverages. In 2013, he voted for permanent concealed-carry permits but favored making information on the permits a matter of the public record. He voted for judicial pay increases and for removing the mandatory retirement age of judges. He vote to reduce the penalties for marijuana possession; the measure passed the House, 54-38. In 2012, Gaines co-sponsored parole eligibility for non-violent offenders. He voted to establish tax incentives to recruit a National Basketball Association team to Louisiana but opposed state income tax deductions to taxpayers donating to scholarship funds. He voted against the requirement that welfare recipients undergo periodic testing for use of narcotics. He opposed reducing the number of hours that polling stations remain open; Louisiana traditionally has had 14-hour election days. He voted to forbid telephone use while driving. He opposed changes to the teacher tenure law.