Progressive provisioning


Progressive provisioning is a term used in entomology to refer to a form of parental behavior in which an adult feeds its larvae directly after they have hatched, feeding each larva repeatedly until it has completed development. The food is typically in the form of masticated or immobilized prey items, or regurgitated nectar mixed with pollen ; only rarely are other sorts of food resources used. While this sort of direct and repetitive feeding of offspring is extremely common in groups such as birds and mammals, it is far less common among the insects, with the exception of those groups of insects which are eusocial. Accordingly, progressive provisioning is universal among ants, and widespread among the social bees and wasps. Young termites are able to feed themselves, and therefore do not demonstrate any form of provisioning.
One of the only well-known examples of progressive provisioning outside of the Hymenoptera are the burying beetles, which care for their larvae and supply them with a mass of carrion, which the adults chew and regurgitate to the developing larvae.
Many eusocial bees, such as stingless bees and halictids, practice mass provisioning, where all of the larval food is supplied before the egg is laid.