Private housing estates in Hong Kong
Private housing estate is a term used in Hong Kong for private mass housing - a housing estate developed by a private developer, as opposed to a public housing estate built by the Hong Kong Housing Authority or the Hong Kong Housing Society. It usually is characterised with a cluster of high-rise buildings, with its own market or shopping mall. Mei Foo Sun Chuen, built by Mobil, is the earliest and largest by number of blocks.
Early real estate development in Hong Kong followed the urban street pattern: single blocks are packed along streets and most of them are managed independently, with quality varying from block to block. Private housing estates on the other hand provide integrated management throughout whole estate, attracting more affluent residents.
Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Taikoo Shing, Whampoa Garden and City One Shatin are early notable examples. More projects followed and the idea became widely accepted as the middle class of Hong Kong emerged.
Trends
With the economies of scale of large developments, and the lifting of height restrictions since the opening of the new airport at Chek Lap Kok, there is the tendency of new private tower block developments with 10 to over 100 towers, ranging from 30-to-70-storeys high.There has also been a trend in joint ventures between the already oligopolistic real-estate developer in Hong Kong. Developers have been increasingly partnering up to bid for development sites. At a land auction on 8 May 2007, the Government warned developers not to collude in bidding.
The wall effect
There is currently some controversy over the "wall effect" caused by uniform high-rise developments which adversely impact air circulation and aggravate the heat effect but also impact public hygiene and contribute to air pollution. Private developers seeking to maximise revenues have tended to build uniform blocks on seafront sites to give all units unrestricted sea view.Environmental group Green Sense expressed concern that their survey on 155 housing estates found 104 have a 'wall-like' design. It cited estates in Tai Kok Tsui and Tseung Kwan O as the "best examples".
Head of the Planning Department, Ava Ng, argued that the air ventilation factor has been taken into consideration with regard to the auction of all prime sites on the land application list, and said the erection of tall buildings at these sites will not create any "wall effect."
An air ventilation assessment is required only for sites with a total gross floor area of more than 100,000 square metres, according to technical guidelines in existence since 2006.
In May, 2007, citing concern over developments in West Kowloon, and near Tai Wai and Yuen Long railway stations, Wong Kwok-hing of the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions proposed a motion calling for measures to reduce screen-like buildings which maximise good views at the expense of air flow in densely populated areas. The motion was vetoed by functional constituency representatives.
Lists of estates
The following is a partial list of private housing estates in Hong Kong:Hong Kong Island
Name | Chinese Name | Area | Completed | No Blocks | No Units | Developer | Photo | Coordinates |
Bel-Air Residence | Southern District | 2004 and 2008 | 32 with 47 individual houses | 2,800 | Pacific Century Premium Developments | |||
City Garden | North Point | 1980s | 14 | 2,393 | Cheung Kong | |||
39 Conduit Road | mid-Levels | 2009 | 1 | 66 | Henderson Land Development | |||
Grand Promenade | 嘉亨灣 | Sai Wan Ho | 2006 | 5 | 2020 | Henderson Land Development, The Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry Co Ltd. | ||
Heng Fa Chuen | Chai Wan | 1982 | 48 | 6,504 | MTR Corporation Kerry Properties | |||
Hong Kong Parkview | Tai Tam | 1989 | 18 | 984 | Chyau Fwu | |||
Island Place | North Point | 1996 | 3 | 784 | Swire Properties China Motor Bus | |||
Island Resort | Siu Sai Wan | 2001 | 4 | 3,098 | Sino Land | |||
Kornhill | Quarry Bay | 1986 | 44 | 8,831 | Hang Lung Properties New World Development MTR Property | |||
Nam Fung Sun Chuen | Quarry Bay | 1978 | 12 | 2,826 | Nam Fung Group | |||
Provident Centre | North Point | 1984 | 17 | 1,450 | Hutchison Whampoa Property | |||
South Horizons | Ap Lei Chau | 1990s | 34 | 9,812 | Hutchison Whampoa Property | |||
Taikoo Shing | Quarry Bay | 1980s | 61 | 12,698 | Swire |
Kowloon
Name | Chinese Name | Area | Completed | No Blocks | No Units | Developer | Photo | Coordinates |
Amoy Gardens | Ngau Tau Kok | 1987 | 19 | 4,896 | Hang Lung Properties | |||
The Cullinan | 天璽 | West Kowloon | 2008 | 2 | 825 | Sun Hung Kai Properties | ||
Grand Waterfront | 翔龍灣 | Ma Tau Kok | 2006 | 5 | 1782 | Henderson Land Development, Hong Kong and China Towngas | ||
Harbour Green | Tai Kok Tsui | 2007 | 5 | 1,514 | Sun Hung Kai Properties MTR Corporation | |||
The Harbourfront Landmark | Hung Hom | 2001 | 3 | 324 | Cheung Kong Holdings | |||
Island Harbourview | Tai Kok Tsui | 2000 | 9 | 2,314 | MTR Corporation Sino Land Bank of China Kerry Properties China Overseas Land and Investment | |||
Laguna City | Lam Tin | 1991 | 38 | 8,072 | Cheung Kong Hutchison Whampoa Property | |||
Mei Foo Sun Chuen | Lai Chi Kok | 1965 | 99 | 13,500 | Mobil | |||
Parc Oasis | Yau Yat Chuen | 1995 | 32 | 1,822 | Wheelock Properties Sino Group | |||
Parc Palais | King's Park | 2004 | 8 | 703 | Sino Group New World Development Wharf Estates | |||
Royal Peninsula | Hung Hom | 2001 | 5 | 1,669 | Sun Hung Kai Properties Henderson Land | |||
Sceneway Garden | Lam Tin | 1992 | 17 | 4,112 | Cheung Kong Hutchison Whampoa Property | |||
Telford Gardens | Ngau Tau Kok | 1980 | 41 | 4,992 | Mass Transit Railway Corporation Hang Lung Properties Hopewell Holdings | |||
Victoria Towers | Tsim Sha Tsui | 2003 | 3 | 988 | Cheung Kong Hutchison Whampoa Property | |||
Whampoa Garden | Hung Hom | 1980s | 88 | 10,431 | Whampoa Dockyards Hutchison Whampoa Property | |||
Wyler Gardens | Ma Tau Kok | 1979 | 30 | 2,730 | Hang Seng Bank |
Kwai Tsing District
Sai Kung District
Sha Tin District
Name | Chinese Name | Area | Completed | No. of Blocks | No Units | Developer | Photo | Coordinates |
Belair Gardens | Sha Tin | 1982 and 1987 | 14 | 1,940 | Chinachem Group | |||
Castello | Sha Tin | 1999 | 8 | 1,744 | Sun Hung Kai Properties | |||
City One | Sha Tin | 1981-1988 | 52 | 10,642 | New World Development Henderson Land Development Sun Hung Kai Properties Cheung Kong Holdings | |||
Festival City | Tai Wai | 2010–2012 | 12 | 4,304 | Cheung Kong Holdings MTR Corporation | |||
Garden Vista | Shek Mun | 1990 | 6 | 840 | ||||
Glamour Garden | Tai Wai | |||||||
Golden Lion Gardens | Tai Wai | |||||||
Grandeur Garden | Tai Wai | |||||||
Greenview Garden | Tai Wai | |||||||
Julimount Garden | Tai Wai | |||||||
Lakeview Gardens | Tai Wai | |||||||
Man Lai Court | Tai Wai | 1990-1993 | 4 | Cheung Kong Holdings | ||||
Parc Royale | Tai Wai | |||||||
Peak One | Tai Wai | |||||||
Pristine Villa | Tai Wai | 1995 | 14 | 498 | Sun Hung Kai Properties | |||
Sha Tin Heights | Tai Wai | |||||||
The Great Hill | Tai Wai | |||||||
Worldwide Gardens | Tai Wai | |||||||
Royal Ascot | Fo Tan | 1995-1997 | 10 | Sun Hung Kai Properties Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation | ||||
Double Cove | Ma On Shan | 2013-2015 | 21 | 3,500 | ||||
Lake Silver | Ma On Shan | 2009 | 7 | 2,169 | ||||
Sunshine City | Ma On Shan | 1990s | 20 | 4,761 | Henderson Land Development | |||
Villa Athena | Ma On Shan | 1994 | 10 | 1,064 |