Pierre Molinier was a French painter, photographer and "maker of objects".
Biography and works
Born in Agen, France, he lived his life in Bordeaux. He began his career by painting landscapes until his work soon turned towards a fetishistic eroticism. Molinier began to take photographs at the age of 18. After returning from military service during 1921–1922, Molinier set out for Paris to draw from master works. Prior to Paris, he had apprenticed with his father and Pierre Augustin de Fumadelles, a sculptor. In Paris, Molinier reportedly preferred not to see too much art by the great masters as a personal manifesto on "how to create a work of art." As listed in his birth record, he was married to Andrea Lafaye, on July 7, 1931, at Bordeaux. He began a correspondence with André Breton and sent him photographs of his paintings, and was later integrated into the Surrealist group. In 1955 Molinier made contact with the leading surrealist Andre Breton and by 1959 was showing at the International Surrealist Exhibition. At this time he defined the purpose of his art as 'for my own stimulation', indicating his future direction in one of his exhibits in the 1965 Surrealist show – a dildo. Molinier was a homosexual and a transvestite. Between 1965 and his suicide in 1976, he chronicled his exploration of his subconscious transsexual desires in "Cent Photographies Erotiques": graphically detailed images of pain and pleasure. Molinier, with the aid of a remote control switch, also began to create photographs in which he assumed the roles of dominatrix and succuba previously taken by the women of his paintings. In these black and white photographs, Molinier, either alone with doll-like mannequins or with female models, appears as a transvestite, transformed by his 'fetish' wardrobe of fishnet stockings, suspender belt, stilettos, mask and corset. In montages, an unlikely number of stockinged limbs intertwine to create the women of Molinier's paintings. He declared that all his erotic works had been painted for his own stimulation: “In painting, I was able to satisfy my leg and nipple fetishism.” His primary interest regarding his sexuality was not the female body or the male body; Molinier said that legs of either sex arouse him equally, as long as they are hairless and dressed up in black stockings. Regarding his dolls, he said: “While a doll can function as a substitute for a woman, there is no movement, no life. This has a certain charm if one is before a beautiful corpse. The doll can, but does not have to become the substitute for a woman” For the last 11 years of his life Molinier played out his own most profound moments in the 'theatre' of his Bordeaux 'boudoir – atelier'. He intended his photographs to shock, inviting the viewer to bring to the images his or her own response of excitement or disgust. In the 1970s, Molinier's health began to decline. Like his father before him, Pierre Molinier committed suicide at 76 years of age by hanging himself in a hotel room. He left a note saying "I’m taking my life. The key is at the concierge's" His epitaph read "Here lies Pierre Molinier, He was a man without morals."
Influences
Molinier became to be interested in such topics after World War I when he entered a masonic order called the Brotherhood. During this time he became fascinated with ancient Egyptian and Indian religions, as well as Satanism. Molinier explored connections between religious ritual and sexuality which he believed had been obscured by the post-Renaissance morality he so despised. He was a transvestite Baudelaire who rather than words, chose as his medium the corset, the mask and the chain. He challenged received orthodoxies of art and morality and, like a jester, seeks to destroy taboos. Molinier echoes the ancient Shamanic tradition and his experiments in sexual transformation can be interpreted as an attempt to regain the primordial, Platonic perfection of the androgyne. It is significant that his biography was to have been entitled The Shaman and His Creatures. Pierre Molinier's enigmatic photographs have influenced European and North American body artists since the 1970s, including Jürgen Klauke, Cindy Sherman, Ron Athey, Rick Castro and his work continues to engage artists, critics, and collectors today.
