Jagapathi Rayalu, the zamindar of the village Rangapuram, has two sons – Ramu and Krishna. Before dying, he entrusts their responsibility to his sisters Chukamma and Sheshamma. Here, the avaricious Chukkamma ploys with her distant relative Bhushanam to eliminate the heirs for the property. Fortunately, the boys are rescued by Chukkamma's wise husband Venkataramaiah and they land at an orphanage. Years roll by, Ramu turns into a mechanic whereas Krishna is a sophomore. Being incognizant they fall for daughters of Sheshamma and Chukkamma: Janaki and Radha respectively. At Rangapuram, Chukkamma reaps their benefits. Parallelly, Bhushanam emerges as the president of the village who aspires to knit his son Raju with Radha. Thereupon, Bhushanam learns the love affair Krishna and Radha. So, he thumps Krishna when enraged Ramu revolts on Bhushanam, but pauses after viewing the photograph of the orphanage founder i.e Jagapathi Rayalu. Soon after, their guardian Swamiji reveals actuality. Right now, Ramu and Krishna reach Rangapuram in disguise, ceases Bhushanam and teach a lesson to Chukkamma. The film ends with the marriages of Ramu with Janaki, and Krishna with Radha.
After the success of the folklore film Kanchu Kota, its producer U. Visweswara Rao and director C. S. Rao decided to make their next venture a contemporary film under the same banner Manjula Cine Syndicate. Kanchu Kotas lead actors N. T. Rama Rao and Devika were retained for the new film, titled Niluvu Dopidi. Visweswara Rao wrote the story which Tripuraneni Maharadhi, the film's screenwriter, read and noticed was strongly influenced by Gundamma Katha. Maharadhi felt Visweswara Rao's story was outdated, so he reworked it to its final form. Visweswara Rao's initial choice for the second male lead was Sobhan Babu, but later chose Krishna at the insistence of Maharadhi, who felt he would match Rama Rao's "jubilance". J. Jayalalithaa was cast as the second female lead, paired alongside Krishna. Kanta Rao, who appeared in Kanchu Kota, was dismayed upon realising there was no role for him in Niluvu Dopidi and insisted on an appearance; he was offered to act as a minister and willingly accepted. The cinematography was handled by G. K. Ramu and the art direction by S. Krishna Rao, while editing was handled by R. Hanumantha Rao. The song "Aadapillalante Hoi Hoi", choreographed by Thangappa, was shot at the Madras-based Golden Studios in September 1967.
