NASA Astronaut Group 21


NASA Astronaut Group 21 In 2011 NASA opened applications for Astronaut Group 21. The team was announced in June 2013 after a year and a half long search. With four men and four women, the class of 2013 had the highest percentage of female finalists. According to NASA astronaut Kathleen Rubins, "it's… a reflection of how many really talented women are in science and engineering these days." NASA received a total of over 6,300 applications, which made it the second highest number received at the time.
Traditionally, the upcoming class is given a nickname by the previous class. Following this custom, the class of 2009 christened the 2013 class the "Eight Balls" in reference to the fact that there are eight of them. Bob Behnken, then Chief of the Astronaut Office, stated in an interview that the name further represents that, "The eight ball is played last and the hope from the preceding class is that the will be assigned after all of them ." The team consists of eight people, Jessica Meir, Ph.D., Major Nicole Mann, Lt. Commander Josh Cassada, Ph.D., Lt. Colonel Tyler Hague, Christina Koch, Major Andrew Morgan, M.D., Lt. Commander Victor Glover, and Lt. Colonel Anne McClain.
Of the five members of the group who have flown in space as of April 2020, all five place on the list of then longest spaceflights for NASA astronauts, with Koch holding the record for the longest single spaceflight for a woman.

History

On April 9, 1959 the National Aeronautics and Space Administration announced the finalists for Astronaut Group 1. This group of seven astronauts, also sometimes known as the "Original Seven" or the "Mercury Seven" were a part of the first human spaceflight program, called Project Mercury. Since the original group, the total number of astronaut groups has grown to 22 as of 2017. The Group 21 class joined 47 other active NASA astronauts.

Selection and training

A requirement for selection to the astronaut program is to have United States citizenship and a degree in science, engineering or math. In addition, three years of professional experience for non-pilots and at least 1000 hours of jet flight time for pilots is required. Community service is an advantage. Lastly, applicants must be able to pass the NASA flight physical. The selection process takes approximately 18 months.
Astronaut candidates go through two years of training. They study engineering, earth and space science, meteorology and space station systems. They also undergo strenuous survival training including scuba certification and swim test qualifications. After this stage, the astronauts who are selected to continue work with senior astronauts who mentor them in furthering their training. In the final training period, the astronauts focus on the specific requirements for their mission.

Group members

The 2013 class was originally thought to be the "first who will be trained for exploration beyond Earth orbit since the Apollo years." Their first goal was to have been to visit a near-earth asteroid in 2020, as preparation for an eventual mission to Mars. However, current NASA goals do not include an asteroid mission.
All eight members of the group have completed their training, and seven have been tasked to future missions. Four have been assigned to expeditions to the International Space Station, with Hague as the first of the class to be assigned to fly, aboard Expedition 57/58 in November 2018. Hague's classmates follow on the next several missions, including McClain on 58/59, Hammock Koch and Hague on 59/60, and Morgan on 60/61. Three other members were assigned to the Commercial Crew cadre for flights to the ISS: Mann is assigned to Boe-CFT and Cassada on CTS-1, both aboard Boeing's Starliner, and Glover is assigned to SpaceX's Dragon 2.