Matthias was born into the gens Rátót, which originated from Apulia and settled down in Hungary in late 11th century, according to Simon of Kéza's Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum. However his parents are unidentified, thus there is inability to connect his person to the any branches of the clan. Historian János Karácsonyi claimed that Matthias was the younger son of Rathold Rátót, ancestor of the Gyulafi branch. Consequently it is possible that Dominic I Rátót, Master of the treasury, who was killed in Mohi too, was Matthias' elder brother. According to the narration of Roger of Torre Maggiore's Carmen Miserabile, Matthias grew up in the royal court of Andrew II together with heir Béla, therefore possibly he was born in the early 1200s. Since his early years, Matthias belonged to Duke Béla's confidants, who strongly opposed his father "useless and superfluous perpetual grants" which caused the derogation of the royal power in the realm. When Béla was made Duke of Slavonia in 1220, Matthias became a member of his ducal court. Since 1224, he served as provost of Zagreb and chancellor for Duke Béla simultaneously. He held both offices at least until 1233, even after Béla was transferred from Slavonia to Transylvania in 1226 to govern the province as duke. When Béla IV ascended the Hungarian throne in 1235, Matthias was promoted to the court office of chancellor in the royal court, while maintained his clerical position of provost of Zagreb. He was last mentioned as chancellor by a royal charter in 1236, but it is plausible that he held the office until 1238, when he was elected Bishop of Vác, and his successor Stephen Báncsafirst appeared as chancellor in contemporary records only in that year. Matthias was referred to as Bishop of Vác at first in January 1238, when the abbot of the Scottish Benedictine Abbey in Vienna requested him to excommunicate a certain knight Wernher from Pest, based on a papal judgment in August of last year, thus Matthias was a consecrated and confirmed bishop by then. In August 1238, Pope Gregory IX instructed Bishop Matthias to support Béla's policy against the domestic opponents. Matthias Rátót succeeded to the archbishopric of Esztergom upon the death of Archbishop Robert, who passed away on 1 November 1239. He was elected by the Esztergom Chapter between around 2 and 29 November. His election was confirmed by Pope Gregory IX on 6 March 1240, who then also sent a pallium to him. Despite that he was still referred to as postulated archbishop on 21 March, while still functioned as Bishop of Vác at the same time. Matthias Rátót was the first Archbishop of Esztergom, who was styled as Primate of Hungary by a royal charter. Pope Gregory invited him to Rome on 9 August 1240 to attend a council which should be addressed at Easter 1241 after he denounced Emperor Frederick II as a heretic. However Frederick responded by trying to capture or sink as many ships carrying prelates to the synod as he could. After these developments, Matthias refused to attend, referring to the dangerous journey. With the permission of Béla IV, received by his predecessor Robert in 1239, Matthias ordered to build Víziváros. He also built the Premonstratensian monastery of Gyulafirátót, the ancient seat of his kindred. During the First Mongol invasion of Hungary, Matthias and his deputy, archdeacon Albert gathered their army in Esztergom and joined Duke Coloman's troops, marching together to Pest. In the Battle of Mohi on 11 April 1241, Matthias personally led his troops, when fell with commander Archbishop Ugrin Csák and majority of the bishops as they were leading troops against Batu Khan. According to magister Roger, his body was never found.
