Martin Tabert
Martin Tabert was a 22-year-old man from Munich, North Dakota who was arrested in December 1921 on a charge of vagrancy for being on a train without a ticket in Tallahassee, Florida. Tabert was convicted and fined $25. Although his parents sent $25 for the fine, plus $25 for Tabert to return home to North Dakota, the money disappeared in the Leon County prison system where Sheriff James Robert Jones earned $20 for every prisoner he leased out. He sent Tabert to work at the Putnam Lumber Company in Clara, Florida, approximately south of Tallahassee in Dixie County.
In January 1922 Tabert was whipped with a leather strap by supervisor Thomas Walter Higginbotham, a "whipping boss", until he died. Coverage of Tabert's killing by the New York World newspaper in 1924 earned it the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service. Governor Cary A. Hardee ended Florida's system of convict leasing in 1923, in part spurred on by the Tabert case and the resulting publicity.
The whip used on Tabert was called a Black Aunty. Marjory Stoneman Douglas wrote a poem about the killing.
