The Department of Social Anthropology at the University of Manchester, founded by Max Gluckman in 1947 became known among anthropologists and other social scientists as the Manchester School. Notable features of the Manchester School included an emphasis on "case studies", deriving from Gluckman's early training in law and similar to methods used in law schools. The case method involved detailed analysis of particular instances of social interaction to infer rules and assumptions. The Manchester School also read the works of Marx and other economists and sociologists and looked at issues of social justice such as apartheid and class conflict. Recurring themes included issues of conflict and reconciliation in small-scale societies and organizations, and the tension between individual agency and social structure. Manchester school members and interlocutors also played major roles in the development of the field of Social Networks in anthropology and the social sciences. John Barnes, Elizabeth Bott, and J. Clyde Mitchell were all associated with Gluckman's department. Several anthropologists who were not directly associated with the Manchester University anthropology department are sometimes considered members of the Manchester School, particularly those who were associated with Gluckman or his students through the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute. Some others, such as Edmund Leach, at one period or another were significant interlocutors of the Manchester School. An alternative adjectival form for the Manchester School is "Mancunian".
Notable Manchester School anthropologists
Max Gluckman
Kathleen Gale - student of Gluckman
F. G. Bailey - student of Gluckman
John Arundel Barnes - worked at Rhodes-Livingstone Institute with Gluckman, student of Gluckman
Edmund Leach - though not educated at Manchester, he was a major interlocutor of the Manchester School, especially in his early years. In later years, he engaged more directly with issues arising out of the French Structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss.
Douglas White - not educated at Manchester, he collaborated with J. Clyde Mitchell, , Thayer Scudder, and developed an anthropological approach to Social Networks that built on Manchester School work of Elizabeth Bott, Victor Turner, J. Clyde Mitchell, John Arundel Barnes, Fredrik Barth and Bonno Thoden van Velzen; his PhD advisor, legal anthropologist E. Adamson Hoebel, was a close friend with Gluckman, who often visited Hoebel in Minneapolis.
