Maman (sculpture) Maman is a bronze, stainless steel , and marble sculpture by the artist Louise Bourgeois . The sculpture, which depicts a spider , is among the world's largest, measuring over 30 ft high and over 33 ft wide. It includes a sac containing 32 marble eggs and its abdomen and thorax are made of ribbed bronze. The title is the familiar French word for Mother . The sculpture was created in 1999 by Bourgeois as a part of her inaugural commission of The Unilever Series, in the Turbine Hall at London's Tate Modern . This original was created in steel, with an edition of six subsequent castings in bronze. Bourgeois chose the Modern Art Foundry to cast the sculpture because of its reputation and work.Philosophy and meaning The sculpture picks up the theme of the arachnid that Bourgeois had first contemplated in a small ink and charcoal drawing in 1947, continuing with her 1996 sculpture Spider . It alludes to the strength of Bourgeois' mother, with metaphors of spinning, weaving, nurture and protection. Her mother, Josephine, was a woman who repaired tapestries in her father's textile restoration workshop in Paris . When Bourgeois was twenty-one, she lost her mother to an unknown illness. A few days after her mother's passing, in front of her father, Louise threw herself into the Bièvre River; he swam to her rescue.Permanent locations Some of these editions in permanent collections often tour on exhibit: Tate Modern, UK – The permanent acquisition of this sculpture in 2008 is considered one of the Tate Modern's historical moments. Maman was first exhibited in the turbine hall and later displayed outside the gallery in 2000. It was received with mixed reactions of amazement and amusement. The sculpture owned by the Tate Modern is the only one made from stainless steel. National Gallery of Canada , Ottawa, Canada – The National Gallery of Canada acquired the sculpture in 2005 for 3.2 million dollars. At that time, the price was deemed excessive by some critics, as it took around a third of the annual budget of the gallery. Guggenheim Museum Bilbao , Spain Mori Art Museum , Tokyo , Japan – On display at the base of Mori Tower, outside the museum. Leeum, Samsung Museum of Art , South Korea Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art , Bentonville, Arkansas , USA Qatar National Convention Center , Doha, Qatar Temporary locations Tours and featured exhibitions of Maman include: 2001: Rockefeller Center Plaza , New York 2001: City Hall , The Hague, The Netherlands 2002: State Hermitage Museum , St. Petersburg, Russia 2003: Nytorv , Copenhagen , Denmark 2006: Mariakerke , Ostend , Belgium 2007: Wanås Castle , Sweden 2008: Jardin des Tuileries , Paris, France 2008: Centre Georges Pompidou , Paris, France 27 March 2007 – 2 March 2008: Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston , Massachusetts 18 October 2008 – 25 January 2009: Museo di Capodimonte , Naples , Italy 2011: Fundacion Proa , Buenos Aires, Argentina Museu de Arte Moderna, São Paulo , Brasil , 2011 Bundesplatz, Bern , Switzerland , 24 May 2011 – 7 June 2011 Bürkliplatz, Zürich, Switzerland , 10 June 2011 – 2 August 2011 Place Neuve, Geneva, Switzerland , 3 August 2011 – 28 August 2011 Fondation Beyeler , Riehen/Basel, Switzerland, 3 September 2011 – 8 January 2012 Kunsthalle , Hamburg , Germany , 23 January 2012 – 17 June 2012 Qatar National Convention Center , Qatar – The Maman sculpture; exhibited from 20 January – 1 June 2012, at the Qatar National Convention Centre as the centerpiece of the Conscious and Unconscious exhibition; the first solo exhibit of Bourgeois' work to be displayed in the Middle East . The exhibit was organised by the Qatar Museums Authority . Roppongi Hills , Tokyo, Japan, 2012 – 2013 Qatar National Convention Centre , Ad Dawha , Qatar, February 2014 Palacio de Bellas Artes , Mexico City, Mexico , 15 November 2013 – 2 March 2014 Moderna Museet , Stockholm , Sweden, January 2015 – 17 May 2015 Museum Voorlinden , Den Haag , The Netherlands , till 17 may 2020Gallery
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