Male accessory gland infection


Male accessory gland infection is a condition with signs of inflammation involving one or more sites in the male genital tract. Diagnosis is made according to parameters defined by the World Health Organization, and it is particularly made in relation to infectious or inflammatory causes of male infertility.
Although it is usually caused by infection spreading from the urethra, non-infectious causes also exist.

Definition

MAGI includes infections involving one or more of the following male genital organs or tracts:
As infection has a negative impact on the secretory function of the accessory glands, findings that could indicate the presence of MAGI include:
MAGI can be diagnosed when there are two or more factors present that meet criteria defined by the World Health Organization :
FactorsDescriptionFor positive diagnosis
AHistory of:
Physical signs:
 Any one Factor A feature plus
one feature from either Factor B or Factor C
BProstatic fluid:
 Either one of the Factor B features plus
one feature from either Factor A or Factor C
CSemen:
Any two Factor C features

or

any one Factor C feature plus
one feature from either Factor A or Factor B

Biomarkers

One study has proposed that elevated levels of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in seminal plasma might be useful as a marker for MAGI.

Causes

The main infectious agents are Enterobacteriaceae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Chlamydia trachomatis.
One study has shown that men with MAGI who have lower serum levels of total testosterone tend to have a more complicated form of MAGI, such as involving more than one site, than those with normal levels.

Complications

Potential complications include:
These complications can result in
sexual dysfunction and male subfertility.