Liu graduated from Dalian University of Foreign Languages with a major in English and undertook further studies in the United States, obtaining a master's degree in international relations from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University in 1983. Between 2001 and 2003, Liu acted as China's ambassador in Egypt, and from 2006 to 2010 as Chinese ambassador in North Korea. In 2010 he replaced Fu Ying as Chinese ambassador in the UK. In 2014, Liu likened Japan to Lord Voldemort, the villain in the Harry Potter series, by writing in The Telegraph: "If militarism is like the haunting Voldemort of Japan, the Yasukuni shrine in Tokyo is a kind of horcrux, representing the darkest parts of that nation's soul." In response, Keiichi Hayashi, the Japanese ambassador to the UK, wrote an op-ed in the same newspaper headlined: "China risks becoming Asia's Voldemort". In 2018, Liu published a signed article in The Guardian on the subject of the US-China trade war, noting that while China was still open to negotiation, the US is maintaining a position of unilateralism. In early May 2018, Liu noted that the North Korean government was closely watching the details surrounding the United States withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal. On 24 November 2019, a BBC reporter confronted Liu over the Cultural genocide of Uyghurs revelations at a press conference in London. Liu dismissed the claims as "fake news". On 25 November 2019, the Financial Times published a column by Liu. He said "I am convinced that flourishing educational co-operation is an important source of strength for relations between China and the UK". He further said "Recently, however, the House of Commons foreign affairs select committee issued a report accusing China of “interfering” with academic freedom in British universities. The charge is groundless and highly misleading". On 9 September 2019, Liu warned the Government of the United Kingdom of making "irresponsible remarks on Hong Kong". Liu said "politicians were free to express their opinion – within limits". On 6 February 2020, Liu claimed his embassy had received reports of anti-Chinese racism at UK universities and schools. He said "I think there are many reasons for it. Lack of understanding of the epidemic. Of course, there is also some deep-seated racism. Not only in this country, but anywhere". On the 27 February 2020, he said said China will remain an "economic powerhouse, even after Covid-19". On 4 April 2020, the Evening Standard published a column by Liu. He said "As Covid-19 continues to spread around the world and the combat against the virus is at a critical stage, some politicians in the United States and here in this country, however, are spreading lies and stigmatizing China. A lie remains a lie even though it is repeated a thousand times. But we must also get the truth out." In May 2020, Liu said anti-China rhetrotic is in danger of undermining international solidarity in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. He also said UK MPs were in a "cold war mindset". On 4 July 2020, Liu told students to “leverage their strength” as the UK overtakes the US as the most popular destination for Chinese students for the first time. He urged students to practice patriotism and “serve your motherland” — activities he described as the “foundation of all endeavour and the highest ambition in life” and also encouraged them to contribute to "China-UK exchanges and cooperation" and "bridge the cultural gap".
On 9 February 2020, Liu said Tory politicians opposed to Huawei playing a role in the UK's5G network are conducting "a witch-hunt". On 6 July 2020, Liu said the United Kingdom will "bear the consequences” if it treats China as a “hostile” country in deciding whether to allow telecoms equipment maker Huawei a role in UK 5G phone networks. After the UK Government's announcement that mobile providers would be banned from buying new Huawei 5G equipment after 31 December 2020, Liu questioned whether the UK can provide a "fair" business environment for foreign firms. He said "It has become questionable whether the UK can provide an open, fair and non-discriminatory business environment for companies from other countries."
In July 2019, Liu criticised the British Foreign SecretaryJeremy Hunt, saying that it was "totally wrong... to talk about freedom" after the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests and that instead it was "a matter about breaking laws in Hong Kong". The same day, Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang had said Hunt was "obsessed with the bad habit of criticizing and lecturing on other countries' affairs condescendingly". This resulted in Liu being summoned to the Foreign Office to explain the "unacceptable and inaccurate" comments and Hunt warning of "serious consequences" if China exercised a human rights crackdown because of the protests. In November 2019, Liu said that British politicians and the Foreign Affairs Select Committee were making "irresponsible remarks on Hong Kong" and that Western powers were "taking sides" in what he said were China's internal affairs. Liu also said in a tweet that countries interfering in Hong Kong were "only shooting in the foot".
Hong Kong national security law
Liu said the UK's offer of a path to citizenship for up to three million Hong Kongers amounted to "gross interference". He told a virtual conference ""The UK government keeps making irresponsible remarks on Hong Kong affairs". Liu further said “We have do decide our counter-measures in accordance with the actual actions taken by the British side.”
