Based in Beijing, Liu began to establish himself at national level in his early twenties. A personalbest of in 1990 was followed by an improvement to in 1992 – a mark which ranked him second at the Chinese Athletics Championships to Ma Yongfeng and placed him within the top 100 globally that year. He had his breakthrough on the international scene the following year. He progressively improved his best over the 1993 season, culminating in a lifetime best throw of to win the title at the 7th National Games of China. After this first victory at national level, he was selected for the 1993 Asian Athletics Championships and won the gold medal there, beating runner-up Bilal Saad Mubarak by a margin of nearly 80 cm. His season's best placed him within the top forty in the world and made him the top ranked Asian shot putter for the year. Liu continued to dominate both nationally and regionally into the 1994 season. He won for the first time at the Chinese Championships with a throw over nineteen metres, then outdid both national rival Xie Shengying and Uzbekistan's Sergey Rubtsov at the 1994 Asian Games in Hiroshima to take another international gold medal. The winning throw of was an Asian Games record and the first time the winner had cleared nineteen metres. Rubtsov led the Asian rankings that year, but Liu was Asia's next best performer. He defended his national title in 1995 and 1996, as well as winning at the national indoor meet in the latter year. Though still ranked in the top 80 in the world, he dropped behind Asian rivals Rubtsov and Mubarak during this period. He was deposed at the top of the Chinese circuit by Wen Jili in 1997, taking second to him at the 8th National Games of China and losing his three-year streak at the national championships. The 1998 season marked a revival in fortunes, starting with a silver medal performance behind Mubarak at the 1998 Asian Athletics Championships. A win at the national championships came in September and that December, at the age of 30, he managed to have his best throw in four years in the 1998 Asian Games final. This mark of relegated Shakti Singh and Rubtsov to the minor medals as he became the first Chinese man to successfully defend the Asian Games title. He ranked third in Asia that year, behind Singh and another Indian athlete Bahadur Singh Sagoo, who both threw well in Calcutta. Despite this form, he faltered in 1999, trailing to Wen at the national championships and falling outside the world's top 100 as he failed to clear nineteen metres during the season. In 2000 Liu won for a fifth and final time at the Chinese Championships with a modest mark of . His season's best for 2001 was a throw of in Ningbo – this was to be the nearest he got to nineteen metres in his career after 1998. The last international medal for Liu came at the 2001 East Asian Games, where he bested Wen Jili to take the gold medal. Neither was victorious at the 9th National Games of China later that year as Liu took second place to Wang Zhiyong, marking the emergence of a new generation of throwers. Liu was out of the top three at the Chinese Championships that year. Liu's final years of competition came in 2002 and 2003. He was runner-up at the nationals in 2002 and had a marked decline in his final season, during which he failed to throw beyond eighteen metres and was out of the top ten nationally.
Personal bests
Shot put –
Shot put –
National titles
Chinese Athletics Championships: 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000
