List of visionary tall buildings and structures

Visionary structures

Structures

Name	Pinnacle height	Year of first proposal	Structure type	Main use	Country	Place	Description	Floors
The Space elevator		1895	Massive space tether	Space tourism, space exploration and space colonization	undetermined	undetermined	An extraordinarily long cable, anchored on or near the equator, held up by the rotation of the Earth.	N/A
The Launch loop		1981	Suspended Maglev Track	Space tourism, space exploration and space colonization	undetermined	undetermined	The Launch loop is a concept that has been proposed for the purposes of orbital launch.	N/A
Scaled-down Space Elevator		2009	Pneumatic tower	Tourism, communications, wind generation and reduced cost space launch.	undetermined	undetermined	A sub-orbital or mini version. The structure would be free standing and actively guyed over its base.	N/A
StarTram Generation 2		2001	Suspended Maglev Track	Space tourism, space exploration and space colonization	U.S.	undetermined	The StarTram is a proposed concept for orbital launches. It has a long vacuum tube, levitated via strong currents in superconducting cables.	N/A
Tokyo Tower of Babel		1992	Arcology	Mixed Use	Japan	Tokyo	The Tokyo Tower of Babel is the tallest building ever envisioned and if ever built would house roughly 30 million people within and take 100-150 years to build. The cost would be around ¥3 quadrillion.	1000+
X-Seed 4000		1995	Arcology	Residential, commercial, retail real estate, as well as heavy industry	Japan	Tokyo	The X-Seed 4000 is the tallest building ever fully envisioned. Its proposed height, wide sea-base, and 800-floor capacity could accommodate five hundred thousand to one million inhabitants.	800
Ultima Tower		1991	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	U.S.	San Francisco	The Ultima Tower is a hypothetical super-tall skyscraper, designed by American architect Eugene Tsui in 1991. With a total height of, the tower would be 2 miles tall, and comprise 500 stories.	500
Dubai City Tower		2008	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	United Arab Emirates	Dubai	The Dubai City Tower is a proposed 400-floor, tall building to be built in Dubai, consisting of six outer buildings entwining a central core.	400
Shimizu Mega-City Pyramid		1996	Arcology	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	Japan	Tokyo	The Shimizu Mega-City Pyramid is a proposed project for construction of a massive pyramid over Tokyo Bay in Japan. The structure would be approximately 14 times as high as the Great Pyramid of Giza, and would house 750,000 people. If built, it will be the largest man-made structure on Earth.	240
The Dutch Mountain		2012	Artificial Mountain	Tourism, leisure, commercial and wind generation	The Netherlands	Flevoland	"De Nederlandse Berg", Dutch for "The Dutch Mountain" is a proposal for an artificial mountain by Thijs Zonneveld.	N/A
Millennium Challenge Tower		2005	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	Kuwait	Kuwait City	A super-tall skyscraper designed by architect Omero Marchetti as part of his proposed "ethic city" concept. The aims of the project are to reach a nautical mile in height while "not using concrete, orthogonal grids, traditional systems, mortars, cranes." If built, the tower would reach.	N/A
Times Squared 3015		2015	Vertical City	Mixed Use	USA	New York City	Times Squared 3015 is a Vertical City envisioned in New York City.	N/A
Sky Mile Tower		2015	Skyscraper	Residential	Japan	Tokyo	Sky Mile Tower is the central hub of Next Tokyo, a visionary project that would serve as a combatant for climate change by serving as a dam and supplying water to its 55,000 residents. The complex and Sky Mile Tower's plans are being reviewed by Tokyo's administration as of 7 February 2016.	400
Xtopia		2010	Skyscraper	Multiple	China	Shanghai	Xtopia is a concept building for a 300-floor high-rise self-contained community.	300
Bionic Tower		1997	Arcology	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	China Hong Kong	Shanghai and Hong Kong have both expressed serious interest	The Bionic Tower is a proposed vertical city, an extremely large building designed for human habitation, designed by architects Eloy Celaya, Mª Rosa Cervera and Javier Gómez Pioz. It would have a main tower high, with 300 stories that would house about 100,000 people.	300
Azerbaijan Tower		2012	Skyscraper	Commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	Azerbaijan	Baku	Azerbaijan Tower, tall, is a proposed building in Baku, Azerbaijan and is planned as part of the proposed "Khazar Islands" project.	189
Murjan Tower		2006	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	Bahrain	Manama	Murjan Tower, tall, is a Swedish company's proposal for a super-tall skyscraper in Bahrain. Designed by architect Henning Larsens Tegnestue A/S, it is expected to comprise 200 floors.	200
Mubarak al-Kabir Tower		2006	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	Kuwait	Madinat al-Hareer	The Mubarak al-Kabir Tower, tall, in Madinat al-Hareer by Eric Kuhne and Associates	234
Green Float		2010	Arcology	Mixed Use	Japan	Tokyo	The Green Float located in Tokyo Bay would be able to house up to 40,000 people.	N/A
Sky City 1000		1989	Arcology	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	Japan	Tokyo	The Sky City 1000, tall, is an arcology project proposal aimed at helping put an end to major congestion and lack of greenspace in the Tokyo, Japan metropolitan area. The plan consists of a building 1,000 m tall and 400 m wide at the base, and a total floor area of 8 km². Drawn up by construction firm Takenaka for the city of Tokyo in 1989, its design was the first of the modern super-tall mega-structures to gain serious attention and consideration by any government.	196
Oblisco Capitale Tower		2018	Skyscraper	Mixed Use	Egypt	Cairo	Oblitale Capitale was a The Capital Cairo project is proposed building in Cairo, Egypt	165
Buenos Aires Forum		2009	Skyscraper	Mixed Use	Argentina	Buenos Aires	If built, it would be the tallest building in the world., no construction has been started.	200
Europa Tower		1993	Skyscraper	Office, observation, restaurant	Belgium	Brussels	Europa Tower was a skyscraper project designed by L35 Arquitectos. The tower is articulated in nine modules, the first one is 100 meters high and next ones are 96 meters high. The project was reported in the CERCHA N°19 architecture magazine in July 1993.	N/A
Millennium Tower		1989	Skyscraper	Mixed Use	Japan	Tokyo	A Skyscraper that is envisioned by Norman Foster. If built, it would be taller than the world's current tallest building, the Burj Khalifa. It would be located in the Tokyo Bay.	170
DIB-200		1993	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	Japan	Tokyo	DIB-200, tall, is a possible mixed use supertall skyscraper project proposed by Kajima Construction, and designed by Sadaaki Masuda and Scott Howe.	200
Iconic Tower		2015	Skyscraper	Hotel, commercial	Bangladesh	Dhaka	Iconic Tower, tall, is a proposed supertall skyscraper planned for construction in Purbachal New Town, Dhaka, Bangladesh, which will be the tallest and most expensive building in the South Asian continent	142
Dream Tower		2009	Skyscraper	Commercial and retail real estate	South Korea	Seoul	Dream Tower, tall, is a proposed tower to be built in Seoul, South Korea; it will have 150 floors.	150
Bengaluru Turf Tower		N/A	Skyscraper	Residential	India	Bangalore	N/A	157
Philippine Diamond Tower		N/A	Observation tower	Leisure, observation, and broadcast	Philippines	Quezon City		N/A
Gateway Tower		2016	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	U.S.	Chicago	The Gateway Tower is a proposed super-tall skyscraper, designed by American architectural firm Gensler as a replacement for the Chicago Spire site. With a total height of, the tower would be the tallest in the Western Hemisphere, and comprise 127 stories if built.	127
The Big Bend		N/A	Skyscraper	Residential	U.S	New York City		N/A
Port Tower		2006	Skyscraper	Commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	Pakistan	Karachi	The Port Tower is a project approved for construction in Karachi, the financial capital of Pakistan. If completed, it would reach a height of 593 m, representing the independence year of Pakistan.	130
Hudson Spire		2014	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	U.S.	New York	The Hudson Spire is a supertall skyscraper proposed by a developer from Tishman Speyer as part of Manhattan's Hudson Yards development. With a total height of, the tower would be the tallest in the Western Hemisphere.	110
Al Noor Tower		2014	Skyscraper	Mixed Use	Morocco	Casablanca	The Proposed Al Noor tower will become Africa's tallest building if completed.	114
GIFT Diamond Tower		2002	Skyscraper	Commercial	India	Gandhinagar	GIFT Diamond Tower is a skyscraper proposed for Gujarat International Finance Tec-City in Gandhinagar in the Indian state of Gujarat. The proposed height is in height. Diamond Tower and the core CBD of GIFT will comprise a total of.	87
Solar updraft tower		2001	Power plant	Power generation	Australia	Buronga, New South Wales	Solar updraft tower, Buronga, Australia, planned height between and, state uncertain.	N/A

Cancelled proposals

Name	Pinnacle height	Year of first proposal	Structure type	Main use	Country	City	Year of projected completion	Description
Houston Tower		1979	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, leisure real estate, office	U.S.	Houston	Never begun	The Houston Tower was an envisioned skyscraper that would have been nearly tall and taken up 16 city blocks in Houston.
Aeropolis 2001		1989	Arcology Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	Japan	Tokyo	Never begun	The Aeropolis 2001 was a proposed project for construction of a massive 500-story high-rise building over Tokyo Bay in Japan. It was proposed to be a 2,000 m high building.
The Illinois		1956	Skyscraper	Commercial, Residential, and leisure real estate	U.S.	Chicago	Never begun	The Illinois, envisioned by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, was to be a mile high skyscraper in Chicago.
Sky City		2013	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	China	Changsha	2013	Cancelled because of lack of funding.
Chicago World Trade Center		1982	Skyscraper	Office	U.S.	Chicago	Never begun	The Chicago World Trade Center, proposed in 1982, was to be a 2,500 foot skyscraper in Chicago. It was ultimately cancelled in 1991.
Phare du Monde		1934	Concrete observation tower	Leisure and retail real estate	France	Paris	1937	Phare du Monde, was a project for a 701 metre tall observation tower for the world exhibition in Paris, 1937. It was planned as a concrete tower similar to a modern TV tower, but also with a ramp for drive up access.
India Tower		2008	Skyscraper	Retail, residential, and leisure real estate	India	Mumbai	2016	The tower was permanently cancelled on October 16, 2015
Grollo Tower		1997	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and leisure real estate	Australia	Melbourne	2004	Construction was cancelled on the Grollo Tower in Melbourne's developing Dockland precinct in April 2001 after Melbourne's Docklands Authority ruled it out of the tender for development of the Batman Hill's precinct due to disagreements over who would pay for infrastructure improvements. The area is now occupied by a mixture of smaller commercial and residential buildings. The Grollo Tower would have been the world's tallest building at the time at 560 m tall, down from the originally planned height, and still would have been the tallest building in the southern hemisphere.
Millenium Tower Las Vegas		2001	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	U.S.	Las Vegas	2001	Millenium Tower Las Vegas in Las Vegas was proposed to be as the tallest building in the world, but it was cancelled in 2002 because of its massive height.
PAGCOR Tower		2008	Observation tower	Leisure and observation facilities	Philippines	Manila	Cancelled in 2010	Originally part of the plans for the PAGCOR Entertainment City, the project was scrapped due to various reasons including air traffic regulations due to close proximity to the Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Warsaw Radio Mast		Original in 1968, Replacement in 1992	Guyed mast	VHF-UHF transmission	Poland	Warsaw	1997	Until late 1995, there were plans to rebuild the collapsed Warsaw Radio Mast to its previous height on the same site, using the basements of the old mast. Although some refurbishment of the basements started, work was canceled after violent protests by local residents, who feared harmful radiation effects from the high-power transmitter served by the antenna. A new transmission facility with two smaller masts measuring 330 and 289 m was built as a replacement in 1998–99 at Solec Kujawski.
7 South Dearborn		1999	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate as well as communications facilities	U.S.	Chicago	2004	7 South Dearborn in Chicago was planned in 1999 to be.
1 Dubai		2006	Skyscraper	Unknown	U.A.E	Dubai	2010	1 Dubai is a proposal in Dubai to planned to be completed, but in 2009, it was cancelled.
Chicago Spire		2005	Skyscraper	Residential real estate	U.S.	Chicago	2010	The Chicago Spire designed by Santiago Calatrava was intended to be the tallest building in the western hemisphere as well as the tallest residential building in the world. It was abandoned in 2008 due to financial problems. As of March 11, 2014, as long as the project is funded, it assumed to resume construction.
Miglin-Beitler Skyneedle		1988	Skyscraper	Commercial, and Residential real estate	U.S.	Chicago	1994	The Miglin-Beitler Skyneedle in Chicago was to be tall in 1988.
International Business Center		2007	Skyscraper	Commercial real estate	South Korea	Seoul	2013	International Business Center was a proposed skyscraper to be constructed in Seoul, South Korea for a height of, it was to have 130 floors planned to be completed in 2013.
Crown Las Vegas		2006	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, and retail real estate	U.S.	Las Vegas	2006	Crown Las Vegas in Las Vegas was proposed to be, but it was cancelled in 2009 after 2 major redesigns.
Kowloon MTR Tower		2003	Skyscraper	office	China	Hong Kong	2003	Now built as the International Commerce Center.
Grollo Tower		2001	Skyscraper	Residential and Commercial real estate	Australia	Melbourne	2001	Revised version of the Grollo Tower shown above.
New York Stock Exchange Tower		1997	Skyscraper	Office	U.S.	New York	2004	The 546 m tall, 140 story tower was cancelled in 2001 due to 9/11.
Grant USA Tower		1970	Skyscraper	Commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	U.S.	Newark, New Jersey	1986	The Grant U.S. Tower was planned by developer Harry Grant, who started New York Apple Tours. The building was to be completed in 1986 in Newark, New Jersey and to be the tallest hotel, tallest building and tallest structure. Harry Grant went bankrupt and the building never broke ground.
Television City Tower		1985	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	U.S.	New York	1988	The 510 m tall, 150 story, Helmut Jahn-designed tower proposed by Donald Trump in New York, United States was cancelled in 1988 due to serious local opposition.
Eaton's / John Maryon Tower		1971	Skyscraper	Commercial and leisure real estate	Canada	Toronto	1976	Eaton's / John Maryon Tower was a planned tall building in Toronto in 1971.
10 Columbus Circle		1986	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	U.S.	New York	1987	The 500 m tall, 137 story, 10 Columbus Circle in New York, United States was cancelled in 1987.
Dragon Tower		1996	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	Indonesia	Jakarta	2002	The 500 m tall, 101 story, Dragon Tower in Jakarta, Indonesia was cancelled in 1998 due to the Asian financial crisis.
Kaisa Feng Long Center		2011	Skyscraper	Hotel / office	China	Shenzhen	2012
The Hyperboloid		1956	Skyscraper	Residential, commercial, retail, and leisure real estate	U.S.	New York	1959	The 108 story, Hyperboloid in New York, United States, designed by I. M. Pei, was cancelled in 1957. Now built as the Metlife Tower.
Brisbane Central Tower		1987	Skyscraper	Unknown	Australia	Brisbane	1987
Minuzzo Tower		1993	Skyscraper	Unknown	Australia	Brisbane	1993
CBD-1		1993	Skyscraper	Unknown	Australia	Sydney	1995
Psary, Poland broadcast tower		2009	Reinforced concrete and steel television tower	DVB-T signal transmission	Poland	Psary, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship	undetermined	At Bodzentyn, Poland a 440 metres tall tower is proposed for distributing DVB-T signals from the satellite station to TV broadcasting sites. It will be, if built, the tallest man-made structure in Europe outside Russia.
Bank of the Southwest Tower		1997	Skyscraper	Office	U.S.	Houston	1982	The 86 story tower was cancelled in 1984 due to an oil bust in Texas.
Palace of Soviets		1932	Skyscraper	Bureaucratic administrative center and conference hall	U.S.S.R.	Moscow	1947	The Palace of Soviets in Moscow, planned in 1932, was to be 415 m, and would have been the tallest building in the world at the time if completed. Construction was halted during World War II, during which the uncompleted structure was partially dismantled; its foundations were later to serve as the world's largest open-air swimming pool before being razed in 1995.
The Monument to the Third International		1919	Grand Monument	Conference hall, bureaucratic administrative center, information administrative center	U.S.S.R.	Moscow	None given	During the Russian October Revolution of 1917, Vladimir Tatlin designed a structure named The Monument to the Third International, which was to serve as the international headquarters of the Komintern. Better known as the Tatlin Tower, the structure was to rise to a height of, which would have made it by far the tallest building in the world at that time, but time & resource shortages as well as the social upheavals that resulted from the Russian Civil War, economic mismanagement, and political repressions halted the project.
Millennium Freedom Tower		1998	Observation tower	Leisure and observation facilities	U.S.	Newport, Kentucky	2000	The Millennium Freedom Tower was a project to be located in Newport, Kentucky, United States was originally proposed in 1998 to be dedicated on Dec 31, 1999. The original height was a proposed 1,234 feet and was later lowered to 1,103 ft. Pilings were driven in 1998, but construction never continued above ground.
Watkin's Tower		1890	Iron latticed observation tower	Leisure and retail real estate	U.K.	Wembley	1894	Watkin's Tower in Wembley, London was planned in 1891 to surpass the Eiffel Tower by, but construction stopped before that height was reached due to unstable land and insufficient funds. The tower remnants were dismantled in the 1900s, and the site was redeveloped as Wembley Stadium.
Scandinavian Tower		1997	Skyscraper	Residential	Sweden	Malmö	2004	The Scandinavian Tower was intended to be the tallest skyscraper in Europe. It was abandoned in 2004 in favor of Malmö Tower.
World Science Tower	N/A	1964	Guyed mast	Leisure facilities	U.S.	Larkspur, Colorado	N/A	The World Science Tower was going to be one of the world's tallest buildings, proposed in 1964. It was to be located near Larkspur, Colorado, U.S. It would have had an amusement park at its base.
Volkshalle	with spire	1937	Skyscraper	Cultural and convention center	Nazi Germany	Berlin	1950	Huge domed monument building planned by Adolf Hitler and Albert Speer for Germania the projected renewal of the German capitol Berlin.