List of state leaders in the 20th century (1951–2000)

Africa

Africa: Central

• Portuguese Angola, –
• People's Republic of Angola
• Republic of Angola

• French Cameroons, part of French Equatorial Africa –
• British Cameroons part of British West Africa –
• Republic of Cameroon

• Ubangi-Shari part of French Equatorial Africa –
• Central African Republic

• French Chad, part of French Equatorial Africa –
• Republic of Chad

• Belgian Congo –
• Republic of the Congo
• Zaire
• Democratic Republic of the Congo –

• French Equatorial Africa –
• Republic of the Congo
• People's Republic of the Congo
• Republic of the Congo

• Spanish Guinea –
• Equatorial Guinea

• Gabon

• Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe –
• Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe

  Africa: East

• Ruanda-Urundi –
• Kingdom of Burundi
• Republic of Burundi

• French Comoros –
• State of Comoros
• Union of the Comoros

• French Somaliland –
• French Territory of the Afars and the Issas –
• Republic of Djibouti

• Eritrea –

• Ethiopian Empire –
• Derg: Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia –
• People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
• Transitional Government of Ethiopia
• Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

• Kenya Colony –
• Kenya

• French Madagascar –
• Republic of Madagascar

• British Mauritius –
• Mauritius
• Republic of Mauritius

• Kingdom of Rwanda –
• Republic of Rwanda

• Colony of Seychelles
• Republic of Seychelles

• British Somaliland –
• Trust Territory of Somaliland –
• Somali Republic
• Somali Democratic Republic
• Interim Government of Somalia
• Transitional National Government of the Republic of Somalia

• Sultanate of Zanzibar –
• Tanganyika under Britain –
• United Republic of Tanzania

• Ankole –
• Buganda –
• Bunyoro –
• Uganda Protectorate –
• Republic of Uganda

  Africa: Northcentral

• Allied administration of Libya –
• Cyrenaica Emirate –
• Kingdom of Libya
• Libyan Arab Republic / Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

• Beylik of Tunis
• French protectorate of Tunisia –
• Kingdom of Tunisia
• Republic of Tunisia

  Africa: Northeast

• Kingdom of Egypt
• Republic of Egypt
• United Arab Republic –
• Arab Republic of Egypt

• Anglo-Egyptian Sudan –
• Republic of the Sudan
• Democratic Republic of the Sudan
• Republic of the Sudan

  Africa: Northwest

• French Algeria –
• People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

• Morocco
• Spanish Sahara, –
• Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, has limited recognition: Morocco claims Western Sahara

  Africa: South

• Bechuanaland Protectorate –
• Republic of Botswana

• Basutoland –
• Kingdom of Lesotho

• Nyasaland –
• Malawi :
• Republic of Malawi –

• Portuguese Mozambique –
• People's Republic of Mozambique
• Republic of Mozambique

• South West Africa –
• Namibia

• Union of South Africa
• Republic of South Africa

• Protectorate of Swaziland
• Kingdom of Swaziland

• Barotseland –
• Northern Rhodesia –
• Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland –
• Republic of Zambia

• Southern Rhodesia –
• Rhodesia, unrecognised state
• Zimbabwe Rhodesia
• Zimbabwe

  Africa: West

• French Dahomey, part of French West Africa –
• Republic of Dahomey
• People's Republic of Benin –
• Republic of Benin

• Mossi Kingdom of Con –
• Mossi Kingdom of Liptako –
• Mossi Kingdom of Macakoali –
• Mossi Kingdom of Pama –
• Mossi Kingdom of Tenkodogo –
• Mossi Kingdom of Wogodogo –
• Mossi Kingdom of Yatenga –
• French Upper Volta part of French West Africa –
• Republic of Upper Volta
• Republic of Burkina Faso

• Portuguese Cape Verde –
• Republic of Cape Verde

• Gambia Colony and Protectorate –
• Republic of the Gambia –

• Kingdom of Ashanti –
• Gold Coast –
• Ghana –

• French Guinea part of French West Africa –
• Republic of Guinea

• Portuguese Guinea –
• Guinea-Bissau

• French Ivory Coast part of French West Africa –
• Republic of Ivory Coast

• Liberia –

• French Sudan part of French West Africa –
• Mali Federation –
• Republic of Mali

• Colonial Mauritania part of French West Africa –
• Islamic Republic of Mauritania

• Colony of Niger part of French West Africa –
• Republic of the Niger

• Lagos Colony –
• Colonial Nigeria –
• Federal Republic of Nigeria –

• Kingdom of Sine –
• Saloum –
• French West Africa –
• French Senegal part of French West Africa –
• Senegambia Confederation
• Republic of Senegal

• Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate –
• Sierra Leone
• Republic of Sierra Leone

• British Togoland –
• French Togoland –
• Togolese Republic

  Americas

Americas: Caribbean

• The Bahamas

• Cuba

• Dominican Republic –
• Haiti

• Jamaica

• Antigua and Barbuda
• Barbados
• Dominica
• Grenada
• Saint Kitts and Nevis
• Saint Lucia
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

• Trinidad and Tobago
• Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

  Americas: Central

• Belize

• Costa Rica –

• El Salvador –

• Guatemala –

• Honduras –

• Nicaragua –

• Panama

  Americas: North

• Canada

• Mexico –

• United States –

  Americas: South

• Argentina –

• Bolivia –

• Second Brazilian Republic –
• Brazilian military regime –
• Federative Republic of Brazil –

• Chile –

• Colombia –

• Ecuador –

• Guyana
• Co-operative Republic of Guyana

• Paraguay –

• Peru –

• Suriname

• Uruguay –

• Venezuela –

  Asia

Asia: Central

• Kazakhstan
• Kyrgyzstan
• Tajikistan
• Tibet –
• Turkmenistan
• Uzbekistan

  Asia: East

• Republic of China: Taiwan
• People's Republic of China
• Japan
• North Korea
• South Korea
• Mongolian People's Republic
• Mongolia

  Asia: Southeast

• Protectorate of Brunei / Nation of Brunei –

• Kingdom of Cambodia
• Khmer Republic
• Democratic Kampuchea
• People's Republic of Kampuchea
• State of Cambodia
• Kingdom of Cambodia

• East Timor –

• Indonesia

• Kingdom of Laos
• Lao People's Democratic Republic

• Malaysia

• Union of Burma
• Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
• Union of Burma/Myanmar

• Philippines

• Singapore

• Thailand

• Democratic Republic of Vietnam
• State of Vietnam
• Republic of Vietnam
• Republic of South Vietnam
• Socialist Republic of Vietnam

  Asia: South

• Kingdom of Afghanistan
• Republic of Afghanistan –
• Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
• Islamic State of Afghanistan
• Northern Alliance of Afghanistan –
• Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

• Bangladesh

• Bhutan

• India

• First Republic of Maldives –
• Sultanate of the Maldives: Huraa Dynasty –
• Second Republic of Maldives –

• Kingdom of Nepal

• Dominion of Pakistan
• Islamic Republic of Pakistan

• Dominion of Ceylon
• Sri Lanka

  Asia: West

• Bahrain

• British Cyprus –
• Republic of Cyprus –

• Imperial State of Iran
• Islamic Republic of Iran

• Kingdom of Iraq
• Republic of Iraq

• Israel

• Kingdom of Jordan

• Sheikhdom of Kuwait –
• State of Kuwait

• Lebanon

• Oman –

• State of Palestine –

• Qatar

• Saudi Arabia –

• Syrian Republic
• United Arab Republic
• Syrian Arab Republic

• Republic of Turkey

• Emirate of Abu Dhabi –
• Emirate of Dubai –
• Emirate of Sharjah –
• Emirate of Ajman –
• Umm Al Quwain –
• Emirate of Fujairah –
• Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah –
• United Arab Emirates

• Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
• Yemen Arab Republic

• Kathiri State of Seiyun –
• Lower Yafa –
• Upper Yafa –
• Sultanate of Lahej –
• Mahra Sultanate –
• Colony of Aden –
• South Yemen

• Republic of Yemen

  Europe

Europe: Balkans

• People's Socialist Republic of Albania
• Republic of Albania

• People's Republic of Bulgaria
• Republic of Bulgaria

• Kingdom of Greece: 4th of August Regime
• Military junta of Greece
• Greece: Third Republic

• Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Federal Republic of Yugoslavia: Serbia and Montenegro

• Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Republic of Croatia

• Republic of Macedonia

• Slovenia

  Europe: British Isles

• Republic of Ireland

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  Europe: Central

• Austria

• Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
• Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
• Czech Republic
• Slovakia

• East Germany
• West Germany
• Federal Republic of Germany

• Hungarian People's Republic
• Hungary: Third Republic

• Liechtenstein

• People's Republic of Poland
• Republic of Poland

• Switzerland –

  Europe: East

• Republic of Estonia

• Republic of Latvia

• Republic of Lithuania

• Republic of Belarus

• Republic of Moldova

• Socialist Republic of Romania
• Republic of Romania

• Soviet Union
• Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Sovereign state
• Russia

• Ukraine

  Europe: Nordic

• Denmark

• Finland

• Iceland

• Norway

• Sweden

  Europe: Southcentral

• Italy

• State of Malta
• Republic of Malta

• San Marino

• Vatican City

  Europe: Southwest

• Andorra

• Second Portuguese Republic
• Third Republic of Portugal

• Francoist Spain
• Kingdom of Spain

  Europe: West

• Belgium

• French Fourth Republic
• France: French Fifth Republic

• Luxembourg

• Monaco

• Kingdom of the Netherlands

  Eurasia: Caucasus

• Armenia

• Azerbaijan

• Georgia
• Abkhazia, has limited recognition: Georgia claims Abkhazia
• South Ossetia, has limited recognition: Georgia claims South Ossetia

  Oceania

• Australia

• Dominion of Fiji
• Republic of Fiji

• Kiribati –

• Marshall Islands –

• Federated States of Micronesia –

• Nauru –

• New Zealand

• Palau –

• Papua New Guinea

• Samoa

• Solomon Islands

• Kingdom of Tonga
• Tonga

• Tuvalu

• Vanuatu