List of rock types

Igneous rocks

• * – Basaltic lava with a crumpled appearance
• * – Basaltic lava with a flowing, often ropy appearance
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• – An ultramafic, ultrapotassic intrusive rock dominated by mafic phenocrysts in a feldspar groundmass
• – A silica-undersaturated form of andesite
• – An ultramafic rock, essentially a peridotite
• – A silica-undersaturated granite with <5% normative quartz
• – a plutonic rock with <5% normative quartz
• – A silica-undersaturated plutonic rock of nepheline and alkali feldspar
• – A silica-undersaturated plutonic rock with >90% nepheline
• – A hypersthene-bearing gabbro
• – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially similar to nepheline syenite
• – A volcanic rock with a composition between phonolite and tephrite
• – An olivine-bearing basalt
• - a coarse grained plutonic rock composed of >90% pyroxene
• – A diorite with >5% modal quartz
• – An intermediate plutonic rock, essentially a monzonite with 5–10% modal quartz
• – An intrusive rock composed mostly of quartz
• – A felsic volcanic rock which is intermediate between a rhyolite and a dacite
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• – a plutonic rock
• – A coarse-grained carbonatite rock
• – A plutonic rock dominated by orthoclase feldspar; a type of granitoid
• – Essentially a basaltic glass
• – A volcanic rock with a composition between phonotephrite and phonolite
• – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock
• – A plagioclase-dominant granitoid
• – An alkaline intermediate volcanic rock
• * - sodic trachyandesite
• – A volcanic rock with a composition between basalt and trachyte
• * – a sodic type of trachybasalt, typically formed by ocean island volcanism
• – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially a feldspathoid-bearing rhyolite
• – A plutonic ultramafic rock containing olivine, pyroxene and plagioclase
• – A form of tonalite where plagioclase-group feldspar is oligoclase
• – A type of pyroxenite, composed of clinoproxene and orthopyroxene
• - An ultramafic plutonic or cumulate rock, a type of peridotite, composed of olivine and clinopyroxene

  Sedimentary rocks

• – A non-detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of phosphate minerals

• Metamorphic rocks

• – A rock formed by faulting
• – A mafic metamorphic rock dominated by green amphiboles
• * – A type of hornfels found in the Scottish Highlands
• – Nepheline syenite gneiss
• – a metamorphosed limestone
• – A metamorphic rock formed by shearing
• – A metamorphic rock with a protolith of clay-rich sedimentary rock
• – A metamorphic rock with a protolith of quartz-rich sedimentary rock
• – A low grade metamorphic rock composed mostly of micaceous minerals
• – A glass formed by melting within a fault via friction
• – A metamorphosed sandstone typically composed of >95% quartz
• - A low grade metamorphic rock formed from shale or silts
• – A rock formed by partial melting during a meteorite impact
• – A metamorphosed ultramafic rock with talc as an essential constituent; similar to a serpentinite
• * – Essentially a talc schist
• – A rock whose fabric reflects the history of its deformation
• – A high pressure metamorphic rock containing talc and kyanite

  Specific varieties

• – A variety of quartz monzonite
• – A group of varieties of lamprophyre, mostly rich in hornblende
• – A variety of nepheline syenite from Loch Borralan, Scotland
• – A hematite-silica metasomatite analogous to a skarn
• - A variety of phonolite, first found on Mount Kenya
• - A rock composed of lazurite and other minerals
• – A metamorphosed nepheline syenite occurrence near Litchfield, Maine
• – A hypabyssal rhyolite with microcline and blue quartz phenocrysts from the Llano Uplift in Texas
• Minette – A variety of lamprophyre
• – A type of chert found in Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas
• – A chemical analogue considered to theoretically represent the earth's upper mantle
• – A type of latite with euhedral rhombic phenocrysts of feldspar
• – A mafic rock metasomatized by serpentinization fluids
• – melitilic and kalsititic rocks
• – A silica undersaturated, analcime bearing gabbro
• – A nepheline gabbro
• – An altered granite
• – A variety of lamprophyre
• – A rock rich in manganese oxide or manganese hydroxide