List of landings on extraterrestrial bodies


This is a list of all spacecraft landings on other planets and bodies in the Solar System, including soft landings and both intended and unintended hard impacts. The list includes orbiters that were intentionally crashed, but not orbiters which later crashed in an unplanned manner due to orbital decay.
For a list of all planetary missions, including orbiters and flybys, see List of Solar System probes.

Landings

Colour key:

Planets

Mercury">Mercury (planet)">Mercury

[Venus]

[Mars]

[Jupiter]

Since Jupiter is a gas planet, there is no hard surface on which to "land". All missions listed here are impacts to Jupiter.
MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactNotes
Galileo atmospheric probeAtmospheric probe of Jupiter.
GalileoMain craft was intentionally directed at Jupiter and disintegrated in Jovian atmosphere.

[Saturn]

Since Saturn is a gas planet, there is no hard surface on which to "land". All missions listed here are impacts to Saturn.
MissionCountry/ AgencyDate of landing/impactNotes
Cassini orbiterMain craft was intentionally directed at Saturn and disintegrated in Saturn's atmosphere

Planetary moons

Earth's [Moon]

MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactCoordinatesNotes
Luna 2 USSR13 September 1959Intentional hard impact.
Ranger 4 USA26 April 1962Unintentional hard impact; hit lunar far side due to failure of navigation system.
Ranger 6 USA2 February 1964Intentional hard impact.
Ranger 7 USA31 July 1964Intentional hard impact.
Ranger 8 USA20 February 1965Intentional hard impact.
Ranger 9 USA24 March 1965Intentional hard impact.
Luna 5 USSR12 May 1965Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
Luna 7 USSR7 October 1965Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
Luna 8 USSR6 December 1965Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
Luna 9 USSR3 February 1966First successful soft landing; first pictures from the surface.
Surveyor 1 USA2 June 1966Soft landing.
Surveyor 2 USA23 September 1966Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
Lunar Orbiter 1 USA29 October 1966Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
Luna 13 USSR24 December 1966Soft landing.
Surveyor 3 USA20 April 1967Soft landing. First lander visited by a later manned mission.
Surveyor 4 USA17 July 1967Contact lost on descent.
Surveyor 5 USA11 September 1967Soft landing.
Surveyor 6 USA10 November 1967Soft landing.
Surveyor 7 USA10 January 1968Soft landing.
Apollo 11 USA20 July 1969First manned landing on an extraterrestrial body.
Luna 15 USSR21 July 1969Possible attempted sample return; crashed into Moon.
Not a manned mission.
Apollo 12 USA18 November 1969Manned mission.
Apollo 13 USA14 April 1970S-IVB stage crashed for seismic research
Luna 16 USSR20 September 1970First successful robotic sample return.
Luna 17/Lunokhod 1 USSR17 November 1970Robotic lunar rover.
Apollo 14 USA5 February 1971Manned mission.
Apollo 15 USA30 July 1971Manned mission; lunar rover.
Luna 18 USSR11 September 1971Failed attempt at sample return; probable crash-landing.
Luna 20 USSR21 February 1972Robotic sample return.
Apollo 16 USA21 April 1972Manned mission; lunar rover.
Apollo 17 USA7 December 1972Manned mission; lunar rover. Last manned landing on extraterrestrial bodies to date.
Luna 21/Lunokhod 2 USSR8 January 1973Robotic lunar rover.
Luna 23 USSR6 November 1974Failed attempt at sample return; damaged on landing.
Luna 24 USSR18 August 1976Robotic sample return.
Hiten Japan10 April 1993Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
Lunar Prospector USA31 July 1999Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed into polar crater at end of mission to test for liberation of water vapour.
SMART-1 ESA3 September 2006Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
Chandrayaan-1 Moon Impact Probe14 November 2008Impactor. Water found.
SELENE Rstar 12 February 2009Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
Chang'e 11 March 2009Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
Kaguya10 June 2009Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
LCROSS 9 October 2009
Impactors. Water confirmed.
LCROSS 9 October 2009
Impactors. Water confirmed.
Chang'e 314 December 2013First soft landing on moon since 1976, lunar rover.
Chang'e 43 January 2019First soft landing on the far side of the moon, lunar rover.
Beresheet11 April 2019Israeli lunar lander crash landed on the moon.
Chandrayaan-28 September 2019First attempt to land near moon's south pole; crashed due to software problems.

[Moons of Mars]

;Phobos
MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactCoordinatesNotes
Phobos 2 USSRFebruary 1989 Phobos landing was planned but never attempted due to loss of contact

[Moons of Saturn]

;Titan
MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactCoordinatesNotes
Huygens probe ESA14 January 2005Titan floating lander. Successful soft landing. Transmitted data for 90 minutes following landing.

Other bodies

[Asteroids]

[Comets]