List of energy storage projects
This is a list of energy storage projects worldwide, other than pumped hydro storage.
Many individual energy storage projects augment electrical grids by capturing excess electrical energy during periods of low demand and storing it in other forms until needed on an electrical grid. The energy is later converted back to its electrical form and returned to the grid as needed.
Most of the world's grid energy storage by capacity is in the form of pumped-storage hydroelectricity, which is covered in List of pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations.
This article list projects using all other forms of energy storage.
Another energy storage method is the consumption of surplus or low-cost energy for conversion into resources such as hot water, cool water or ice, which is then used for heating or cooling at other times when electricity is in higher demand and at greater cost per kilowatt hour. Such thermal energy storage is often employed at end-user sites such as large buildings, and also as part of district heating, thus 'shifting' energy consumption to other times for better balancing of supply and demand.
For a list of systems and forms of energy storage see energy storage and grid energy storage.
Projects and sites
| Name | Type | Storage capacity | Power capacity | Hours | Country | Location | Year | Description | Refs |
| Ruien Energy storage | Battery, lithium-ion | 32 | 25 | 1.2 | Ruien | RES is currently developing a Battery-based Energy Storage System in Ruien. The BESS aims to deliver ancillary services to European grid operators as well as energy services to local businesses at the site of the former 800MW coal-fired power plant currently under post-decommissioning redevelopment. | http://www.res-nv.be/ | ||
| NLCIL- 20 MW Solar PV Power Project integrated with BESS | Solar PV integrated with Battery, Lithium-ion | 8 | 16 | - | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 2020 | |||
| Alata | Battery, lithium-ion | 4.3 | ? | ? | Corsica | 2018 | Cofely Ineo solar, installed 2018 | ||
| Albadyia Power Generation Plant 23MWp/12.6MWh | Battery, lithium-ion | 12.6 | 3 | 4 | Mafraq North of Jordan | 2019 | The plant is commercially operated since Feb 2019 using 60 Tesla Power packs combined with 23MWp of PV System. the power plant’s purpose is to enhance the grid by power peak shaving and power shifting in addition to smoothing the power generation curve to increase the stability of the grid and support the grid at peak load hours at night, additionally it will also enhance the availability of energy during the daytime hours. considering its size, it is the first operated Commercial Utility scale PV + Storage plant for this purpose in MENA Region. | ||
| Terhills | Battery, lithium-ion | ? | 18.2 | ? | Terhills | 2018 | 140 Tesla Powerpacks, installed 2018 | ||
| Dalian VFB - UET / Rongke Power | Battery, vanadium redox flow | 800 | 200 | 4 | Liaoning, Dalian | The battery arrays approved by the China National Energy Administration will be made up of ten 20MW/80MWh Vanadium Flow Battery energy storage systems deployed in Dalian city and connected to the main grid of Liaoning Province which has experienced stress during extreme weather events. After full commissioning, the VFB energy storage system will be able to peak-shave approximately 8% of Liaoning Province's expected peaking capacity in 2020.In addition, the large-scale battery will form an additional load center, which will enhance grid stabilization including securing the power supply and providing black-start capabilities in the event of emergency. This project will be deployed in two phases, each with 100MW/400MWh. The first phase will be finished around the end of 2017 and the second will be finished around the end of 2018. This project is approved by China National Energy Administration, and the owner is a JV with the major shareholder being a local utility company, and the minor being RONGKE POWER. | |||
| Hyundai & Korea Zinc energy storage system | Battery, lithium-ion | 150 | ? | ? | Ulsan | 2018 | Hyundai completed, in April 2018, the mega industrial energy storage system ordered by Korea Zinc, a metal smelting company, at a cost of €37,87 million. It is located at its Ulsan refinery near the southeast coast and is the largest battery in the world. | ||
| Smarter Network Storage | Battery, lithium-ion | 10 | 6 | 1.65 | England, Bedfordshire, Leighton Buzzard | The project is developing control and optimization systems for energy storage. Trials include providing service to distribution network operators and transmission system operators. | |||
| AES Kilroot Power Storage | Battery | ? | 10 | ? | Northern Ireland, Kilroot | 2016 | In April 2014 the AES Corporation announced plans to build a 100 MW energy storage facility to complement its existing North Ireland power station near Belfast. In January 2016 AES announced that it had completed 10MW of the project as a first step towards the planned 100MW total. | ||
| Andasol Solar Power Station | Thermal storage, molten salt | 1,031 | 134.7 | 7.5 | Granada, Guadix | A thermal storage system absorbs part of the daytime heat absorbed by the solar field, heating a molten salt mixture of 60% sodium nitrate and 40% potassium nitrate. The heat is used to drive a turbine-generator when direct sunlight is not available, nearly doubling the available hours of operation. A full thermal reservoir holds 1,010 MWh of heat capability, enough to run the turbine for over seven hours at full load. | |||
| Hokkaido Battery Storage Project | Battery, vanadium redox flow | 60 | 15 | Hokkaido | 2015 | Vanadium redox flow battery from Sumitomo near several solar energy projects on Hokkaido Island, operational in December 2015. | |||
| Yerba Buena Battery Energy Storage System Pilot Project | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 24 | 4 | 6 | California, East San Jose | The project uses sodium-sulfur batteries to determine whether such batteries can improve power quality and reliability on the electrical grid. | |||
| Clear Creek Flywheel Wind Farm Project | Flywheel | 0.5 | 5 | 0.1 | Ontario, Norfolk County | Temporal Power's flywheel energy storage technology is being deployed by Ontario's Hydro One Networks Inc. The 10-flywheel 5 MW installation will provide local power quality support, by balancing real and reactive power flows from a 20 MW wind farm | |||
| BC Hydro Battery Energy Storage Project | Battery, sodium-sulphur | 6.5 | 1 | 6.5 | British Columbia, Field, Yoho National Park | 2013 | A 1 MW battery is installed by BC Hydro on a 25 kV feeder near the community of Field, B.C. is able to operate islanded from the grid in order to provide back-up power to Field in the event of a feeder outage; it also discharges during peak hours from 4–8 pm daily. The C$13M facility was commissioned in September 2013, funded by BC Hydro and Canada's Department of Natural Resources after two years of construction and testing. | ||
| Electrochemical Energy Storage Project | Battery, nickel-manganese-cobalt | 1 | 1 | 1 | British Columbia, Vancouver | The project was initially created in response to the university's need for emergency back-up power at the University of British Columbia Bioenergy Research and Demonstration Facility, the energy storage system will advance research on integrating renewable-energy sources. | |||
| NRStor Minto Flywheel Energy Storage Project | Flywheel | 0.5 | 2 | 0.25 | Ontario, Minto, Harriston | NRStor was selected by Ontario's Independent Electricity System Operator to deliver 2 MW of frequency regulation services to the Ontario electricity grid. Temporal Power Ltd. is the flywheel manufacturer and supplies the 10-flywheel 2 MW facility. | |||
| WEICAN Durathon Battery Project | Battery, sodium-nickel chloride | 20 | 10 | 2 | Prince Edward Island, North Cape | 2013 | The Wind Energy Institute of Canada contracted with S&C Electric Canada Ltd. to provide a Sodium-Nickel Chloride Battery at their site on Prince Edward Island. The BESS will be operational by the fall of 2013. GE Energy Storage will provide the Durathon Battery Energy Storage System that will integrate into Prince Edward Island's pre-existing system. | ||
| Huntorf CAES Plant | Compressed air storage, in-ground natural gas combustion | 870 | 290 | 3 | Huntorf, Elsfleth | 1978 | First commercial CAES plant, operational since 1978, using nuclear-sourced night-time power to compress and inject the air into two caverns of 310,000 m³ total volume. The 600 m cavern depth ensures the air's stability through seasonal temperature changes, and guarantees the specified maximum pressure of 100 bar. One cavern is cycled daily; the other serves as backup when the nearby nuclear power plant goes offline. | ||
| Solana Generating Station | Thermal storage, molten salt | 1,680 | 280 | 6 | Arizona, Gila Bend | 2013 | Completed in 2013, the parabolic trough solar plant, with 6 hours storage by molten salt, is located near Gila Bend, Arizona. At the time it was the world's largest parabolic trough plant, and the first United States solar plant with thermal storage. | ||
| McIntosh CAES Plant | Compressed air storage, in-ground natural gas combustion | 2,860 | 110 | 26 | Alabama, McIntosh | The 2nd commercial CAES plant, in operation since 1991, stores compressed air in a salt cavern of 220 ft diameter, with ten million cubic foot total volume. The cavern is pressurized to 1,100 psi, and it is discharged down to 650 psi. During discharge, 340 pounds per second of air flow out of the cavern. The cavern can discharge for 26 hours. The plant also utilizes nuclear-sourced night-time power for compression and then produces peak power during the day by releasing the compressed air into a 110-MW gas-fired combustion turbine. The turbine unit also makes use of an air-to-air heat exchanger to preheat air from the cavern with waste heat from the turbine. The waste heat recovery system reduces fuel usage by roughly 25%. The system is fully operational within 15 minutes, uses a third of the fuel required for a fuel-only generating system, and can operate efficiently at low loads. The project is used for peak shaving. | |||
| Notrees Wind Energy Storage Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 24 | 36 | 0.67 | Texas, Notrees | A wind energy storage demonstration project at the Notrees Wind power project in western Texas created in 2013. The project provides 24 MW-hours energy storage with a peak instantaneous power output of 36 MW and a power management system. The project switched from lead-acid to lithium-ion in 2017. | |||
| Laurel Mountain | Battery, lithium-ion | 8 | 32 | 0.25 | West Virginia, Elkins | The wind generation project includes 98 MW of wind generation and 32 MW of integrated battery-based energy storage. The project supplies the PJM Interconnection, the world's largest power market. | |||
| Battery Energy Storage System | Battery, nickel cadmium | 6.7 | 27 | 0.25 | Alaska, Fairbanks | Completed in December 2003, the BESS is a Golden Valley Electric Association initiative to improve the reliability of service to GVEA members. When grid power fails, BESS provides up to 27 MW of power for 15 minutes. | |||
| Primus Power Modesto Wind Firming Energy Farm | Battery, zinc chlorine redox flow | 75 | 25 | 3 | California, Modesto | The project was initiated in the Modesto Irrigation District in California's Central Valley, in place of a proposed $78M / 50 MW fossil fuel plant; it will provide flexible capacity for the region and compensate for the variable nature of wind and solar energy. | |||
| Angamos | Battery, lithium-ion | 6.6 | 20 | 0.33 | Mejillones, Antofagasta | A123 lithium-ion batteries supply reserve capacity to electrical grid in Northern Chile. The system continuously monitors the grid power, and if a significant frequency deviation occurs, the energy storage system can provide up to 20 MW of power nearly instantaneously, for up to 15 minutes. | |||
| Beacon New York Flywheel Energy Storage Plant | Flywheel | 5 | 20 | 0.25 | New York, Stephentown | A 20 MW flywheel plant used for frequency regulation in the NYISO service area, the world's largest flywheel installation. It consists of 200 individual spinning masses. | |||
| Beacon Hazle Township Pennsylvania Plant | Flywheel | 5 | 20 | 0.25 | Pennsylvania, Hazle Township | Beacon's second 20 MW, 200-rotor frequency regulation facility serves the PJM regional electricity transmission market. | |||
| Kahuku Wind Farm | Battery, advanced lead acid | 3.7 | 15 | 0.25 | Hawaii, Oahu | A 15 MW fully integrated energy storage and power management system designed to provide load firming for a 30 MW wind farm in Hawaii. | |||
| Los Andes | Battery, lithium-ion | 4 | 12 | 0.33 | Atacama, Copiapó | Provides reserve power to the electric grid in Northern Chile. The project continuously monitors the condition of the power system and if a significant frequency deviation occurs, the system provides up to 12 MW of power for up to 20 minutes. | |||
| Next Gen CAES using steel piping | Compressed air storage, modular | 40.5 | 9 | 4.5 | New York, Queens | 9 MW plant will use steel piping to hold pressurized air instead of caverns. Groundbreaking slated for 2013 to 2014 time frame. | |||
| Johnson City | Battery, lithium-ion | 2 | 8 | 0.25 | New York, Johnson City | A bank of 800,000 A123 lithium-ion batteries performs frequency regulation for the New York ISO. The system was the largest lithium-ion battery in commercial service on the US power grid when completed. | |||
| Tehachapi Energy Storage Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 32 | 8 | 4 | California, Tehachapi | When commissioned in 2014, it was the largest lithium-ion battery energy storage project in North America. The facility is located near one of the largest wind generation hubs in the U.S. — the Tehachapi Wind Resource Area. It is capable of supplying 32 megawatt-hours of electricity — eight megawatts of power for four continuous hours, which is enough to power 6,000 homes. With the demonstration concluded, the facility is online as a distribution-level resource supporting SCE’s Monolith substation near Tehachapi, CA. | |||
| National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project | Battery, lithium iron phosphate | 36 | 6 | 6 | Hebei, Zhangbei | The Zhangbei National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project will eventually grow to include 500 MW of installed wind capacity, 100 MW of installed solar PV capacity and 110 MW of energy storage with an overall investment of 12 billion RMB. The project currently includes a total of 14 MW of lithium-ion batteries and a vanadium redox flow battery: 6 MW–36 MWh Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries 4 MW–16 MWh lithium-ion batteries 3 MW–9 MWh lithium-ion batteries. 1 MW, 2 MWh lithium-ion batteries 2 MW–8 MWh Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. Original plans to include 4 MW of sodium-sulfur batteries have been delayed over safety concerns. Energy storage applications include wind solar and other renewable energy integration, frequency regulation and voltage support. The project is focused on using battery energy storage to enable interactive management of the electric power grid. | |||
| Redding Electric Utilities - Peak Capacity, Demand Response, HVAC Replacement Program Phase 2 | Thermal storage, ice | 12 | 6 | 2 | California, Redding | Ice Energy and REU will collaborate on the second phase. The program to install Ice Bear units within the northern California territory aims to reduce peak electricity load demand by up to 6 MW over five years. REU expects to have the thermal energy storage program completed in 2017. Skyway Machine, a local Redding manufacturing company, will provide final assembly of the new Ice Bear units. | |||
| Guodian Supply-Side Energy Storage Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 10 | 5 | 2 | Liaoning, Jinzhou | This project is State Power's first supply-side energy storage project, incorporating 49.5 MW installed wind capacity and a 5 MW lithium-ion battery system. The energy storage system provides power during low-wind conditions. | |||
| PGE Salem Smart Power Center | Battery, lithium-ion | 1.2 | 5 | 0.25 | Oregon, Salem | Now under construction, the project will test a 5 MW, 1.25 MWh storage resource designed to increase distribution system reliability, aid renewable resource integration and decrease peak-price risk. | |||
| JC Penney Headquarters | Thermal storage, ice | 53.1 | 4.425 | 12 | Texas, Plano | The system offsets the peak demands of electrical use by making ice each night to cool the building the following day. | |||
| National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 16 | 4 | 4 | Hebei, Zhangbei | The Zhangbei National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project will eventually grow to include 500 MW of installed wind capacity, 100 MW of installed solar PV capacity and 110 MW of energy storage. The project is focused on using battery energy storage to enable interactive management of the electric power grid. | |||
| National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 9 | 3 | 3 | Hebei, Zhangbei | The Zhangbei National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project will eventually grow to include 500 MW of installed wind capacity, 100 MW of installed solar PV capacity and 110 MW of energy storage. The project currently includes a total of 14 MW of lithium-ion batteries and a vanadium redox flow battery. The project is focused on using battery energy storage to enable interactive management of the electric power grid. | |||
| University of Central Florida | Thermal storage, chilled water | 24 | 3 | 8 | Florida, Orlando | Chilled water thermal energy storage system that is integrated into the existing district cooling system for the university. | |||
| PJM Regulation Services Project | Battery, ultra | 2.16 | 3 | 0.72 | Pennsylvania, Lyon Station | The PJM Regulation Services project in Lyon Station, PA, was selected and partly funded by the DOE to demonstrate the ability of the Ecoult and Deka UltraBattery energy storage system to enhance the reliability and efficiency of the grid. It will provide 3 MW of continuous frequency regulation services to the grid of PJM Interconnection, the largest Regional Transmission Organization/Independent System Operator in the US. The new system will also be used for peak demand management services to the local utility, Met-Ed. The PJM demonstration project has been implemented in both a building and a containerized format to demonstrate the modularity and mobility of the storage solutions. | |||
| University of Arizona | Thermal storage, ice | 18 | 3 | 6 | Arizona, Tucson | The university placed three separate orders for energy storage tanks and they were added to two of their three existing central plants in 2004, 2006 and 2007. There are 205 tanks in total at the two plants. | |||
| Pillar Mountain Wind Project | Battery, advanced lead acid | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.25 | Alaska, Kodiak | A battery storage system on the Kodiak Island grid to supplement electricity generated by wind farms. The energy storage will allow Kodiak Electric to increase reliable wind generation from 4.5 MW to 9 MW. | |||
| State Government of North Carolina | Thermal storage, chilled water | 20.8 | 2.6 | 8 | North Carolina, Raleigh | 2.68 million gallon, chilled water, Thermal energy storage tank. Built partially buried and serving the district cooling system for 25 state government buildings. | |||
| National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project | Battery, vanadium redox flow | 8 | 2 | 4 | Hebei, Zhangbei | The Zhangbei National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project will eventually grow to include 500 MW of installed wind capacity, 100 MW of installed solar PV capacity and 110 MW of energy storage. The project is focused on using battery energy storage to enable interactive management of the electric power grid. | |||
| Santa Rita Jail Smart Grid – Advanced Energy Storage System | Battery, lithium ferrous phosphate | 4 | 2 | 2 | California, Dublin | Alameda County's Santa Rita Jail smart grid demonstration project in Dublin, California, is the country's largest CERTS-based microgrid with renewable generation and large-scale energy storage. | |||
| Isothermal CAES to Support RE Production | Compressed air storage, modular isothermal | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1 | New Hampshire, Seabrook | A 1.5 MW pilot system, to demonstrate an isothermal compressed air energy storage system, was slated for 2013 completion, and production commencing in 2015. | |||
| Glendale Water and Power - Peak Capacity Project | Thermal storage, ice | 9 | 1.5 | 6 | California, Glendale | This project installed a total of 180 Ice Thermal Energy storage units at 28 Glendale city buildings and 58 local small, medium-sized, and large commercial businesses during a one-year installation process. | |||
| Kaheawa I Wind Project | Battery, advanced lead acid | 3.7 | 1.5 | 0.25 | Hawaii, Maui | A demonstration project to perform Ramp Control for 3 MW of the 30 MW Kaheawa Wind Farm in Hawaii, using a patented energy storage and power management system. | |||
| Nissan Technical Center North America Inc. | Thermal storage, ice | 22.8 | 1.425 | 16 | Michigan, Farmington Hills | The Ice Thermal Storage System provides load shifting to the building. On most days, the building can be cooled solely by the ice system, but a chiller is included, which covers peak cooling demand. | |||
| Lanai Sustainability Research | Battery, advanced lead acid | 0.28 | 1.125 | 0.25 | Hawaii, Lanai | A battery reservoir provides supplementary power at the Lanai Sustainability Research's 1.5 MW DC–1.2 MW AC solar farm in order to double the output of the solar and control the ramp rate to +/- 360 kW/min. | |||
| Painesville Municipal Power Vanadium Redox Battery Demonstration | Battery, vanadium redox flow | 8.8 | 1.1 | 8 | Ohio, Painesville | This system is designed to demonstrate a 1.08 MW vanadium redox battery storage system at the 32 MW municipal coal-fired power plant. The system will provide operating data and experience to help the plant maintain its daily power output requirement more efficiently while reducing its carbon footprint. | |||
| Giheung Samsung SDI Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 1 | 1 | 1 | Gyeonggi-do, Yongin-si | Li-ion battery based energy storage system for industrial energy management with peak-shifting. The system is located at the Samsung SDI Headquarters in Yongin-Si, South Korea. | |||
| National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 2 | 1 | 2 | Hebei, Zhangbei | The Zhangbei National Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project will eventually grow to include 500 MW of installed wind capacity, 100 MW of installed solar PV capacity and 110 MW of energy storage. The project is focused on using battery energy storage to enable interactive management of the electric power grid. | |||
| Metlakatla BESS | Battery, lead acid | 1.4 | 1 | 1.4 | Alaska, Metlakatla | Metlakatla Power and Light has a BESS installation consisting of Exide VRLA cells, providing rapid spinning reserve, frequency control, and better power quality. Beginning operation in 1997, the MP&L BESS has a 1 MW peak power output, and 1.4 MWh energy capacity. It is capable of supporting continuous loads of 800 kilovolt amperes, pulse loads up to 1200 KVA, and consists of 378 Absolyte VRLA 100A75 modules. Nearly 5 MW of hydroelectric generation capacity provides almost all of MP&L's power, with a 3.3 MW diesel generation system relegated to reserve duty. MP&L's two hydroelectric plants, Purple Lake and Chester Lake, have reservoir storage capacity, though the hydro generators were too slow to respond to sudden load fluctuations. At the time of the BESS's initial operations, the MP&L peak load was approximately 4 MW. MP&L is now replacing the batteries after 12 years of service. | |||
| Wind-to-Battery MinnWind Project | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 7 | 1 | 7 | Minnesota, Luverne | In October 2008, this project began testing a one-megawatt battery-storage technology to store wind energy. The battery installation is connected to a nearby 11 MW wind farm. | |||
| Detroit Edison Community Energy Storage Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 2 | 1 | 2 | Michigan, Detroit | This project is designed to demonstrate a proof of concept for aggregated Community Energy Storage Devices in a utility territory. The project installed 20 Community Energy Storage devices across a utility territory. | |||
| Redding Electric Utilities - Peak Capacity, Demand Response, HVAC Replacement Program | Thermal storage, ice | 6 | 1 | 6 | California, Redding | Ice storage system assists building cooling during daylight hours. | |||
| Charleston Energy Storage Project | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 6 | 1 | 6 | West Virginia, Charleston | This was the first MW-Scale NAS application outside Japan, installed by American Electric Power to provide peak-shaving and transmission upgrade deferral benefits. This kind of system is particularly well-suited to transmission upgrade deferral because it can be moved to where it is needed most at any given time, unlike conventional transmission upgrade solutions. DOE/Sandia provided partial sponsorship, covering non-repeat expenses. Over the short term, the purpose of the Charleston Energy Storage Project is to mitigate current local capacity constraints and service reliability issues. The long term objective is to bring AEP one step closer to its vision of a storage-buffered grid of the future. | |||
| PG&E Vaca Battery Energy Storage Pilot Project | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 14 | 2 | 7 | California, Vacaville | This project will be located at a substation near the Vaca Dixon Solar Plant of Vacaville, CA It's a 2-MW–14 MWh installation that will address load shaping, renewables integration, and ancillary services. | |||
| Altairnano Hawaii Solar Integration Project | Battery, lithium-ion titanate | 1 | 1 | 1 | Hawaii, Oahu | Altairnano was awarded a firm contract with the Hawai'i Natural Energy Institute of the University of Hawaii at Manoa to supply a 1 MW ALTI-ESS energy storage system for a test of solar energy integration. The contract requires Altairnano to build, ship, install and commission its ALTI-ESS advanced energy storage system, and provide technical support and system monitoring and reporting over a period of three years. The research project, funded through a grant from the Office of Naval Research, is designed to test the battery system for the technology to enable integration of solar energy into an electric grid. Hawaiian Electric Company plans to install the energy storage system at one of its utility sites on the island of Oahu in early 2014 due to a rapid increase in solar installations. | |||
| Kansas City Power & Light Green Impact Zone Smart Grid Demonstration | Battery, lithium-ion | 1 | 1 | 1 | Missouri, Kansas City | Kansas City Power and Light Company and its partners are demonstrating an end-to-end SmartGrid built around a major SmartSubstation with a local distributed control system based on IEC 61850 protocols and control processors. KCP&L is implementing a 1 MW by 1 MWh Li-ion battery system from Dow Kokam as part of this initiative. | |||
| CCET Technology Solutions for Wind Integration | Battery, lithium-ion | 1 | 1 | 1 | Texas, Lubbock | Samsung SDI, an affiliate of Samsung Group, and Xtreme Power announced that they have been selected by the Center for the Commercialization of Electric Technologies to install a 1 MW - 1 MWh Lithium Ion based Battery Energy Storage System system at the Reese Technology Center in Lubbock, Texas as part of a Smart Grid Demonstration Project. The $27 million demonstration project will be connected to SPEC's distribution grid at the Reese Technology Center as part of an ongoing wind technology program managed by GroupNIRE and Texas Tech University. | |||
| University of Hawaii Smart Grid Regional and Energy Storage Demonstration Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 1 | 1 | 1 | Hawaii, Wailea | An advanced energy storage system will be installed at the Maui Electric Company substation in Wailea as part of the Maui Smart Grid Project. The Grid Battery System is being provided by A123 Systems, designed to deliver one megawatt of power for a full hour, reducing the peak energy load on the substation's transformers. | |||
| Project Barbados Commercial Pilot | Battery, lithium-ion | ? | 2.0 | ? | Pennsylvania, Norristown | Project Barbados went online in November 2008 as the first Li-ion battery system connected to the power grid for commercial services. | |||
| Anchorage Area Battery Energy Storage System | Battery, lithium-ion | 15 | 25 | 0.6 | Alaska, Anchorage | This project includes the installation of a 25 MW / 14 mWh Battery Energy Storage System in the Anchorage area. This device will add stability to the system and provide a measure of “spin” to facilitate spooling-up alternative generation in the event of an outage, part of Alaska Railbelt Cooperative Transmission and Electric Company's Unconstrain Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project. | |||
| Milton NaS Battery Energy Storage System | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 14.4 | 2 | 7.2 | West Virginia, Milton | AEP's 2-MW units were deployed in 2008, and are capable of providing islanding for over seven hours when loss of utility power from the substation occurs. Source: ""Energy Storage and Project Demos"" Electric Power Energy Research | |||
| Churubusco NaS Battery Energy Storage System | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 14.4 | 2 | 7.2 | Indiana, Churubusco | AEP's 2-MW units were deployed in 2008, and are capable of providing islanding for over seven hours when loss of utility power from the substation occurs. | |||
| Bluffton NaS Energy Storage System | Battery, sodium-sulfur | 14.4 | 2 | 7.2 | Ohio, Bluffton | American Electric Power in Ohio has 2-MW units which were deployed in 2008, and are capable of providing islanding for over seven hours when loss of utility power from a substation occurs. | |||
| UC San Diego SGIP Energy Storage Project | Battery | 10 | 5 | 2 | California, San Diego | The University of California, San Diego has been approved for incentives from California's Self-Generation Incentive Program for the installation of energy storage, to be integrated with PV renewable generation | |||
| Con Edison–Eos Energy Storage Distributed Energy Storage Pilot | Battery, zinc hybrid cathode | 6 | 1 | 6 | New York, New York | Eos Energy Storage and Consolidated Edison stated that the pilot, targeted to begin in early 2014, is a milestone in the scale-up and commercialization of Eos's core product, a 1 MW–6 MWh grid-scale battery called the Eos Aurora. The Aurora is backed by Eos's novel, low-cost and proprietary zinc hybrid cathode technology, which has a 75% round-trip efficiency rate and a 10,000-cycle/30-year lifetime. | |||
| Electrochemical Energy Storage Project | Battery, manganese cobalt | 1 | 1 | 1 | British Columbia, Vancouver | The project integrates one megawatt hour of stored energy into a power grid that supports three major campus facilities. | |||
| Northern Powergrid Battery Storage Trial | Battery | 5.7 | 2.85 | 2 | England, Darlington; plus Northumberland; and Maltby, South Yorkshire | The trial is part of a larger project known as the Customer-Led Network Revolution. Six energy-storage devices were installed across a mixture of rural and urban locations in Northern England, to help balance the supply and demand of electricity for thousands of residential and business properties and test the effectiveness of energy storage batteries as part of an overall smart grid solution. Three of the devices have a capacity of 100 kWh, two are 200 kWh and the largest one having a capacity of 5 MWh, making it one of the largest in Europe. Participating organizations include Northern Powergrid, British Gas, EA Technology, Durham and Newcastle universities, with funding by the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets under its Tier 1 Low Carbon Network Fund. | |||
| Modular Energy Storage Architecture Project | Battery, lithium-ion | 1 | 1 | 1 | Washington, Everett | Snohomish County Public Utility District and 1Energy Systems will partner to develop a one-megawatt battery energy storage system, built on the Modular Energy Storage Architecture. | |||
| Khi Solar One | Thermal Storage, Steam | 100 | 50 | 2 | Northern Cape Province, Upington | Khi Solar One is a 50 MW concentrated solar power plant with a power tower that uses large, sun-tracking mirrors to focus sunlight on a receiver at the top of a tower. Water is pumped up to the tower mounted receiver and is converted to steam, which, in turn, is used in a conventional turbine generator to produce electricity. The power station will include a facility to store steam, enabling it to generate electricity for two hours when the sun is not shining. | |||
| Drake Landing Solar Community | Thermal Storage, Solar heat radiated to soil | 1.5 | Okotoks, Alberta | Drake Landing Solar Community began operation in 2006. Solar thermal energy is collected in flat plate glazed collectors, pumped to a bore field where the heat is radiated to soil. That process is reversed to utilize the heat in 52 single family homes. In 2012, DLSC set a world record by heating the 52 homes with 97% renewable energy. The borefield that stores the heat is approximately 100 feet wide in each direction and 120 feet deep. | |||||
| KaXu Solar One | Thermal storage, molten salt | 300 | 100 | 3 | Northern Cape Province, Pofadder | KaXu Solar One is a 100 MW parabolic trough plant. The power station will have a storage capacity of three hours and use molten salt to store heat energy. In the parabolic trough system, the sun's energy is concentrated by parabolically curved, trough-shaped reflectors onto a receiver pipe running along the focal line of the curved surface. This energy heats oil flowing through the pipe, and the heat energy is then used to convert water to steam and generate electricity in a conventional steam generator. | |||
| Bokpoort CSP | Thermal storage, molten salt | 450 | 50 | 9 | Northern Cape Province, Globershoop | The Bokpoort Concentrated Solar Plant Project, being contracted in 2014, comprises a solar field, a power block, a thermal energy storage system and related infrastructure such as grid interconnection and water abstraction and treatment systems. The solar field comprises loops of parabolic trough solar collector assemblies which will collect the heat from the sun. The solar collectors will be capable of heating the heat transfer fluid up to 393 °C. The power block comprises a solar steam generator and a steam turbine delivering 50 MW. | |||
| Hybrid energy storage system Braderup | Battery, lithium-ion, vanadium redox flow | 3 | 2.33 | 1.3 | Schleswig-Holstein, Braderup | Since July 2014 the Energiespeicher Nord GmbH & Co. KG operates one of the biggest hybrid batteries in Europe. The hybrid system consists of a lithium-ion battery storage and a vanadium redox flow battery storage. Sony delivers the lithium-ion modules, Vanadis Power GmbH the vanadium redox flow battery. The storage system is connected to the local community wind farm to save a possible electricity surplus. Depending on wind strength and charge status of each battery the generated power of the wind turbines is distributed by a controlling system of the Robert Bosch GmbH to the suitable battery. Bosch furthermore stands responsible for the project implementation and system integration. | |||
| Hornsdale Power Reserve | Battery, lithium-ion | 129 | 100 | South Australia, Jamestown | Tesla Powerpack is charged using renewable energy and delivers electricity during peak hours to help maintain the reliable operation of South Australia's electrical infrastructure. It provides up to 100 MW peak with a capacity of 129 MWh | ||||
| Project brine4power EWE Gasspeicher | Battery, salt water, polymers, redox flow | 720 | 5.83 | 120 | Lower Saxony, Jemgum | EWE Gasspeicher plans to build the battery by employing the well-known redox flow battery principle – in which electrical energy is stored in a liquid – along with new, environmentally friendly components in underground salt caverns. These kinds of caverns are currently used to store natural gas. EWE Gasspeicher is collaborating on the project – brine for power – with the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena, which developed the innovative components. It uses salt water and recyclable polymers. | |||
| Dalrymple ESCRI battery | Battery | 8 | 30 | Stansbury, South | Provides improved reliability and stability to Yorke Peninsula | ||||
| Lake Bonney Battery Energy Storage System | Battery | 52 | 25 | Millicent, South Australia | Adjacent to Lake Bonney Wind Farm to allow owner to provide firmer electricity commitments | ||||
| Ballarat Energy Storage System | Battery | 30 | 30 | Ballarat, Victoria | |||||
| Gannawarra Energy Storage System | Battery | 50 | 25 | Kerang, Victoria | Colocated with Gannawarra Solar Farm |
Largest by technology
| Technology | Name | Energy MWh | Power MW | Hours | Description | Country | Location | Refs |
| Battery, lithium-ion | Hornsdale Power Reserve | 129 | 100 | Tesla Powerpack is charged using renewable energy and delivers electricity during peak hours to help maintain the reliable operation of South Australia's electrical infrastructure. | Australia | South Australia, Jamestown | ||
| Battery, lead acid | ||||||||
| Battery, sodium-sulphur | Sodium Sulfur Battery In Abu Dhabi | 648 | 108 | United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | |||
| Battery, vanadium redox flow | Dalian VFB - UET / Rongke Power | 800 | 200 | The battery arrays approved by the China National Energy Administration will be made up of ten 20MW/80MWh Vanadium Flow Battery energy storage systems deployed in Dalian city and connected to the main grid of Liaoning Province which has experienced stress during extreme weather events. After full commissioning, the VFB energy storage system will be able to peak-shave approximately 8% of Liaoning Province's expected peaking capacity in 2020.In addition, the large-scale battery will form an additional load center, which will enhance grid stabilization including securing the power supply and providing black-start capabilities in the event of emergency. This project will be deployed in two phases, each with 100MW/400MWh. The first phase will be finished around the end of 2017 and the second will be finished around the end of 2018. This project is approved by China National Energy Administration, and the owner is a JV with the major shareholder being a local utility company, and the minor being RONGKE POWER. | China | Dalian | ||
| Compressed air storage | Huntorf CAES Plant | 870 | 290 | First commercial CAES plant, operational since 1978, using nuclear-sourced night-time power to compress and inject the air into two caverns of 310,000 m³ total volume. The 600 m cavern depth ensures the air's stability through seasonal temperature changes, and guarantees the specified maximum pressure of 100 bar. One cavern is cycled daily; the other serves as backup when the nearby nuclear power plant goes offline. | Germany | Huntorf | ||
| Pumped Hydro Storage | Bath County Pumped Storage Station | 24,000 | 3,003 | Described as the "largest battery in the world", with a maximum generation capacity of 3,003 MW, an average of 2,772 MW, and a total storage capacity of 24,000 MWh. The station consists of two reservoirs separated by about 1,260 feet in elevation. | USA | Bath County, Virginia | ||
| Flywheel | Beacon New York Flywheel Energy Storage Plant | 5 | 20 | The flywheel plant is used for frequency regulation in the NYISO service area. It consists of 200 individual spinning masses. | USA | New York |