List of current constituent Asian monarchs
This is a list of reigning constituent monarchs, including traditional rulers and governing constitutional monarchs. Each monarch listed below reigns over a legally recognised dominion, but in most cases possess little or no sovereign governing power. Their titles, however, are recognised by the state. Entries are listed beside their respective dominions, and are grouped by country.
List of constituent Asian monarchs
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Bangladesh | Bohmong | Raja Aung Shwe Prue | 1959 | Chowdhury | Hereditary and Elective | |
Bangladesh | Chakma | Raja Debashish | 12 November 1971 | Roy | Hereditary | |
Bangladesh | Mong | Raja Saching Prue | 22 October 2008 | Chowdhury | Hereditary and Elective | |
East Timor | Oecusse | Liurai Antonio I | 4 May 2001 | Da Costa | Hereditary | |
India | Daher | Raja Tapatrao Anandrao | Rajput | Hereditary | ||
India | Gadhvi | Raja Yashwant Rao | Rajput | Hereditary | ||
India | Linga | Raja Bhavarsingh | Rajput | Hereditary | ||
India | Pimpri | Raja Trikamrao Sahebrao | Rajput | Hereditary | ||
India | Vasurna | Raja Chandra Singh | Rajput | Hereditary |
Malaysia
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Negeri Sembilan | Jelebu | Vacant | 11 September 2014 | Elective and Hereditary | ||
Negeri Sembilan | Johol | Dato' Mohammad Jan ‘Abdul Ghani | 13 March 2007 | Gemencheh | Elective and Hereditary | |
Negeri Sembilan | Naning | Dato' Abdul Latif | 25 November 2006 | Elective and Hereditary | ||
Negeri Sembilan | Rembau | Dato' Muhammad Sharif Othman | 21 November 1998 | Jakun | Elective and Hereditary | |
Negeri Sembilan | Sungai Ujong | Dato' Shah Bandar | 29 December 1993 | Hulu | Elective and Hereditary | |
Negeri Sembilan | Tampin | Tunku Besar Razman | 26 December 2005 | Al Qadri | Hereditary |
Philippines
Indonesia
Present information regarding governmental recognition of traditional monarchs in Indonesia is inadequate. In some instances below, pre-colonial polities have been restored, and the royal titles of their leaders have been nominally confirmed. In other cases, the government has refused to revive monarchies that had been abolished during the earliest years of the republic. Despite the historical suppression of these dynasties, a large number have retained their culture, identity, and their status within their own communities. Royal titles are still widely used, bestowed in formal enthronement ceremonies conducted without formal recognition from Jakarta.In recent years, the number of dynasties receiving recognition as nominal cultural authorities has steadily increased. However, because it remains unclear as to which monarchies have not yet been recognised, the list below will contain all extant Indonesian dynasties on which there is information available. Monarchs that have explicitly been denied recognition are listed under pretenders. The Sultan of Yogyakarta is listed separately due to the constitutional nature of his position.
State | Constituent | Monarch | Since | House | Type | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Yogyakarta | Sultan Hamengkubuwono X | 2 October 1988 | Hamengkubuwono | Limited | Hereditary |
;Bali
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Bangli | Anak Agung Made Rai Rama | 1961 | Gelgel | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Buleleng | Anak Agung Ngurah Brawida | 2 June 1978 | Sangket | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Denpasar | Tjokorda Ngurah Jambe | 25 November 2005 | Pemecutan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Gianyar | Anak Agung Gde Agung II | 22 April 1999 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Karangasem | Anak Agung Gde Agung Putra Agung | 9 April 2009 | Karangasem | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kesiman | Tjokorda Ngurah Kusuma Wardhana | 22 April 1989 | Kesiman | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Klungkung | Dewa Agung Gde Agung | February 1998 | Dewa Agung | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Pamecutan | Tjokorda Ngurah Manik Parisara | 1986 | Pemecutan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Tabanan | Tjokorda Anglurah | 21 March 2008 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Ubud | Vacant | 20 July 1978 | Sukawati | Hereditary |
;Borneo
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Banjarmasin | Sultan Khairul Saleh | 24 July 2010 | Alwatzkubillah | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Bulungan | Sultan Abdul Hamid | 2 December 2008 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Kutai | Sultan | Kutai | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Kubu | Tuan Besar Syarif Rafik | 4 March 2008 | Al Aidrus | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kotawaringin | Pangeran Ratu Muasyidin Syah | 1975 | Alwatzkubillah | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Landak | Pangeran Ratu Suryansyah Amiruddin | 24 January 2000 | Ismahayana | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Matan | Pangeran Ratu Uti Iwan Kusnadi | 11 August 2004 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Mempawah | Pangeran Ratu Mulawangsa Mardan Adijaya | 12 August 2002 | Amantubillah | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Pasir | Pangeran Ratu Abdul Rasyid | 16 October 2000 | Belengkong | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Pontianak | Sultan Syarif Abubakar | 15 January 2004 | Al Kadri | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Sambaliung | Sultan Fachruddin | 19 October 2009 | Berau | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Sambas | Pangeran Ratu Muhammad Tarhan | 3 February 2008 | Alwatzkubillah | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Sanggau | Pangeran Ratu Arman Surya | 26 July 2009 | Suryanegara | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Sekadau | Pangeran Agung Muhammad Efendi | 28 February 2009 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Selimbau | Panembahan Muhammad Asbi | 2004 | Assidiqi | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Simpang | Sultan Muhammad Jamaluddin II | 31 May 2008 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Sintang | Panembahan Kusuma Negara V | 17 September 2003 | Kusumanegara | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
;Java
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Banten | Sultan Ismetullah al-Abbas | August 2003 | Surosowan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kacirebonan | Sultan Abdul Gani Natadiningrat III | 28 October 1997 | Kacirebonan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kanoman | Sultan Muhammad Emiruddin | 6 March 2003 | Kanoman | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kasepuhan | Sultan Sepuh XIV | 30 April 2010 | Kasepuhan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Mangkunegaran | Mangku Negara IX | 3 September 1987 | Mangku Negara | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Pakualaman | Paku Alam X | 7 January 2016 | Paku Alam | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Surakarta | Susuhunan Pakubuwono XIII | 10 September 2004 | Pakubuwono | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
;Maluku
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Amahei | Raja Philip Hallatu | 20 September 1990 | Hallatu | Hereditary and Elective | |
Indonesia | Bacan | Sultan Al-Abd-Al-Rahim Gary ibn Gahral" | 19 November 2010 | Kamarullah | Hereditary and Elective | |
Indonesia | Faan | Raja Patris | April 2002 | Renwarin | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Hitu | Upu Latu Salhana Pelu | 21 March 2007 | Hitulama | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Jailolo | Sultan Abdullah Syah | January 2002 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Kisar | Raja Johannis Bakker | Bakker | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Loloda | Jogugu Lutfi Muhammad Syamsuddin | 30 August 2009 | Syamsuddin | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Soya | Raja Johan Lodewijk Rehatta | 9 December 2005 | Rehatta | Hereditary and Elective | |
Indonesia | Tulehu | Upu Latu John Saleh Ohorella | 13 February 2003 | Ohorella | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Ternate | Hereditary | ||||
Indonesia | Tidore | Sultan Djafar Syah | 28 October 1999 | Hereditary |
;Papua
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Arguni | Raja Hanafi Pauspaus | Hereditary | |||
Indonesia | Fatagar | Raja Taufiq Heru | 31 December 2009 | Uswanas | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kaimana | Rat Umis Abdul Hakim Achmad | 1980 | Aituarauw | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Namatota | Raja Hayum Ombaier | 2006 | Kowiai | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Patipi | Vacant | 2003 | Sameni | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Rumbati | Raja Abubakar II Saleh | 8 January 2010 | Bauw | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Salawati | Raja Muhammad Tahir Arfan | Arfan | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Wertuar | Raja Musa Heremba | 15 April 1988 | Heremba | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
;Roti
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Baa | Manek Paulus Dae Pane | 1998 | Dae Pane | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Bokai | Manek Herman Dupe | 1 January 1961 | Doepe | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Dehla | Manek Nehemia Ndun | 2 October 1972 | Ndoen | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Dengka | Vacant | 1970 | Tungga | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Korbafo | Vacant | 6 March 2000 | Manubulu | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Landu | Vacant | 18 March 2008 | Johannes | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Lelain | Manek Yunus Besi | Besi | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Lelenuk | Manek Christoffel Daik | 28 September 1994 | Daik | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Loleh | Manek Soleman Zacharias | 15 July 2003 | Zacharias | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Ndao | Manek Soleman Kotten | 1968 | Kotten | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Oenale | Manek Christoffel Hanok Lenggu | Lenggu | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Oepao | Manek Jefry Sjioen | 2005 | Sjioen | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Ringgou | Vacant | 22 March 2002 | Daoed | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Termanu | Manek Soleman Jeremias Amalo | 14 October 2007 | Amalo | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Thie | Vacant | 25 January 2010 | Mburalae | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
;Sulawesi
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Balangnipa | Maradia Fadly Patayangi | 19 November 2005 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Banawa | Vacant | 16 November 2006 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Banggai | Tomundo Mohamad Fikran Ramadhan | 29 January 2010 | Awaluddin | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Barru | Vacant | Bugis | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Bone | Arumpone Baso Hamid | 7 April 2006 | Bugis | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Buton | Sultan La Ode Mohammad Izat Manarfa | 27 November 2006 | Kumbewahatak | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Gowa | Sultan Kumala Idjo Batara Gowa III | 2014 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Luwu | Datu Iwan Djemma Barue | 10 June 2006 | Bugis | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Mamuju | Maradia Maksum Dai | Mak Lonjok | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Mori | Vacant | Hereditary | |||
Indonesia | Sanrabone | Karaeng Ali Mallombasi | 25 July 2008 | Sanrabone | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Soppeng | Datu Unru Mappanjantji | 2001 | Hereditary |
;Sumatra
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Asahan | Sultan Kamal Abrahim | 17 May 1980 | Pinangawan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Bangkara | Raja Sisingamangaraja XV | 24 December 1972 | Pasaribu | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Deli | Sultan Aria Lamanjiji | 22 July 2005 | Maimoon | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Dolok Silau | Raja Tanjar Gaim Purba Tambak | 23 November 2008 | Purba | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Indragiri | Sultan Tengku Arief | 1 February 1986 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Jambi | Sultan Abdurrahman Taha Syaifuddin Syah | 18 March 2012 | Hereditary and Elective | ||
Indonesia | Langkat | Sultan Azwar Abdul Jalil | 21 May 2003 | Hereditary and Elective | ||
Indonesia | Pagaruyung | Raja Alam Muhammad Taufik Thaib | 10 June 2007 | Adityawarman | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Palembang | Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin III | 4 March 2003 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Pelalawan | Tengku Besar Kamaruddin bin Harun | 7 August 2008 | Al Shahab | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Serdang | Sultan Basyarsyah II | 28 January 2001 | Alamsyah | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Siak | Sultan Nasir Abdul Jalil Saifuddin VI | 11 February 1984 | Al Syihab | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Siguntur | Sultan Hendri Tuanku Bagindo Ratu | 1968 | Siguntur | Hereditary |
;Timor
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Amanatun | Usif Pah Gustaf Immanuel | 26 September 1996 | Banunaek | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Amanuban | Usif Pah Nesi Nope | 1980 | Nope | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Amarasi | Usif Pah Robert Maurits Koroh | 1990 | Koroh | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Amfoan | Usif Pah Robert Gordon Manoh | 27 September 2001 | Manoch | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Biboki | Usif Pah Johanis Tnesi Us | Boko | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Boti | Usif Pah Nama Benu | March 2005 | Benu | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Fialarang | Loro Jadokus Manek | 1990 | Da Costa | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Insana | Usif Pah Theodorus Taolin | 1991 | Taolin | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kupang | Usif Pah Leopold Nicolaas Nisnoni | July 2004 | Nisnoni | Elective and Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Lamaknen | Loro Josef Kalimau | 16 October 2003 | Bunak | Elective and Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Miomaffo | Usif Pah Alfons Kono | 1986 | Kono | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Mollo | Usif Pah Edison Oematan | 12 August 2001 | Oematan | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Noimuti | Usif Pah Antonius da Costa | Da Costa | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Wehali | Disputed | 11 May 2003 | Waihale | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Indonesia | - | - | - | - | - | - |
;Others
State | Polity | Monarch | Since | House | Succession | Refs |
Indonesia | Anakalang | Raja Sappi Pateduk II | 1992 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Barnusa | Raja Akbar Salim | Baso | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Batulolong | Raja Constantijn Karimalei | 1996 | Karimalei | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Bima | Jena Teke Zulkarnain | 17 June 2001 | Dewa Dalam Bawa | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Dompu | Vacant | 1964 | Sirajuddin | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kolana | Raja Yusuf Makunimau | 1996 | Makunimau | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Kui | Raja Kaharuddin Kinanggi | Kinanggi | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Lamakera | Raja Abdul Gafur Ibrahim | 1987 | Dasi | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Lewa | Raja Pingi Ai | 23 January 1978 | Hereditary | ||
Indonesia | Lohayong | Sengaji Muhamad Idrus | February 2008 | Kalake | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Riau-Lingga | Sultan Abdul Rahman II | 8 April 1964 | Bendahara | Hereditary | |
Indonesia | Sumbawa | Vacant'' | 1975 | Kaharuddin | Hereditary |